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Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour23
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System design
Think big – safe the world!
Original thought
The original design of the system making up the Edible coli, is a K12 MG1655 strain of Escherichia coli:- Excreting cellulases for the degradation of cellulose to glucose:
Cellulose (C6H10O5)n consists of β-1,4 linked D-glucose units. For the Edible coli to gain nutrients from cellulose in the form of glucose units, the β-glucosidic bonds in-between must be broken by hydrolysis. For this degradation, three enzymatic activities are needed by the enzymes, collectively known as cellulases: Endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase. Endoglucanase hydrolyses internal β-1,4 glucosidic bonds in the cellulose fiber, while exoglucanase hydrolyses the external bonds, releasing cellobiose disaccharides. The cellobiose disaccharides are then cleaved by β- glucosidase into two glucose molecules each. Source: Lynd, L.R., et al.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. (Link)
Reaction and biobricks needed for the reaction to run (Edinburgh, 2008):
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Producing a nutrional, self-designed protein – the OneProt:
Among others, using the glucose from cellulose degradation as a nutrition source, the Edible coli will be able to produce a high quantity of essential amino acids, incorporated into a self-designed protein.
One protein to rule them all!
The OneProt design:
The nutritional protein consists of the right ratio between essentials amino acids, and between essential and non-essential amino acids, needed in the daily diet, as recommended by the WHO/ FAO/UNU Expert Consultation. Source: WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 164. (Link) The optimal rates of essential amino acids are shown in table 1.
