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| + | <h2 class="HomeMisdiagnosisH2">MALARIA MISDIAGNOSIS</h2> |
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| - | .Color-Medium { | + | <p class="HomeCaseStudyP">Infectious diseases including dengue fever, typhoid fever, and meningitis are symptomatically similar to malaria, and thus are often misdiagnosed in resource-poor developing countries lacking suitable medical diagnostic facilities. The lack of reliable rapid diagnostic tests to diagnose diseases, such as typhoid fever and meningitis, and a reduced capacity to perform standard tests to accurately diagnose these diseases contribute significantly to the problem of misdiagnosis. Due to these diagnostic challenges, patients can also undergo treatment for multiple diseases like malaria and typhoid fever despite a lack of confirmed diagnosis of co-infection. Improper treatment may prolong illness and cause adverse side effects in patients, in addition to a loss of faith in established health services. Misdiagnosis can also result in increased economic burdens and anti-malarial drug resistance. In Sudan, the 2000 annual cost of both treatment and diagnosis of malaria was $100 million USD whereas the calculated cost of accurate malaria.</p> |
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| + | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d6/2014UCalgaryHomeHuman.png" id="HomeHuman"> |
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| + | <h2 class="HomeCaseStudyH2">CASE STUDY</h2> |
| | + | <p class="HomeCaseStudyP">Prevalent infectious diseases such as meningitis, dengue and typhoid fever are symptomatically similar to malaria, and are thus often misdiagnosed in developing countries which <span class="HomeBigText">LACK THE RESOURCES</span> to maintain suitable healthcare infrastructures.</p> |
| | + | <p class="HomeCaseStudyP">Misdiagnosis prevents the appropriate treatments from being administered in a timely manner, which results in unnecessary <span class="HomeBigText">HUMAN SUFFERING</span> and a significant financial burden on the healthcare system.</p> |
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| + | <h2 class="HomeOurDeviceH2">OUR DEVICE, OUR IDEA</h2> |
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| + | <p class="HomeOurDeviceP">iGEM Calgary 2014 team is using synthetic biology to develop a <span class="HomeBigText">NOVEL, GENOME-BASED, RAPID POINT-OF-CARE</span> device to simultaneously diagnose multiple infectious diseases.</p> |
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| - | <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis eget auctor nunc. Fusce semper sodales nulla. Suspendisse potenti. Pellentesque feugiat leo in mi dapibus iaculis. Sed tincidunt arcu quis libero blandit ullamcorper. Vestibulum sollicitudin nibh sit amet magna mattis, non dapibus orci ullamcorper. Curabitur eget quam vitae lectus ullamcorper accumsan ac vitae lectus. Suspendisse pulvinar suscipit pharetra. In lorem justo, mollis lacinia ultrices ullamcorper, rutrum eu urna. Pellentesque aliquam et diam eu auctor. Praesent volutpat, elit a porta mattis, lectus tortor rhoncus diam, nec aliquam urna erat porta nisl. Donec at consequat felis. Proin vitae leo dictum, pretium ipsum auctor, iaculis lorem. Nam eget aliquet justo. Integer interdum sapien id dolor mattis sollicitudin nec id purus. Donec orci ipsum, vulputate vitae suscipit vitae, pharetra ac diam.</p>
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| - | <p>Donec aliquet, nibh sit amet pharetra iaculis, felis turpis molestie magna, sit amet porta eros arcu quis purus. Vivamus et odio a urna tincidunt porta luctus et massa. Proin viverra ligula arcu, eu sodales mi facilisis non. In et dolor ut sapien egestas fringilla quis at est. Phasellus aliquam tristique consectetur. Vestibulum vulputate gravida justo et tempor. Nullam quis justo quis mi dictum ullamcorper vitae sed augue. Vivamus eget nunc elit.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc mollis aliquet est eu elementum. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Pellentesque in elit vitae turpis consequat lacinia vel vel tortor. Integer mi erat, rutrum quis libero vitae, suscipit dictum orci. Sed elit justo, dapibus sollicitudin erat vel, imperdiet lacinia orci. Praesent non metus vitae purus aliquam tincidunt. Cras et porttitor ante. Duis bibendum facilisis augue, eget sagittis velit bibendum ut. Fusce consectetur ligula faucibus, dignissim quam in, imperdiet quam. Phasellus magna tellus, convallis sit amet consequat consectetur, pretium ac massa. Sed semper condimentum pharetra. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Pellentesque quis nunc dui. Aliquam sit amet enim rutrum, posuere ante ac, sodales magna. Mauris ultrices at nunc non porta.</p> | + | <section class="Content Text Color-Blue" id="HomeComponents"> |
| - | <p>Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Suspendisse lacinia nisi quis ligula lobortis, vel eleifend est interdum. Aenean non tortor lacus. Ut ac porta est, quis dapibus nibh. Integer semper lectus eget imperdiet faucibus. Nullam condimentum dapibus libero eget vehicula. Maecenas vehicula ipsum non sapien sodales, vel ultrices purus ornare.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque tellus nulla, luctus bibendum semper sodales, vehicula porta libero. Proin dapibus volutpat fringilla. Sed ultricies sed odio ac eleifend. Nulla at ipsum porta, imperdiet ipsum sit amet, egestas lacus. Donec molestie nibh ut placerat iaculis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc non eros ipsum. Nam quis sem ac nibh eleifend adipiscing ut a elit. Nam volutpat, augue vitae accumsan faucibus, odio tellus iaculis ligula, eget fermentum metus nisl quis sem. Fusce bibendum condimentum nunc eget aliquet. Cras in mi et magna cursus laoreet. Integer in libero id eros commodo porttitor.</p> | + | <h2 class="HomeComponentsH2">COMPONENTS OF OUR SYSTEM</h2> |
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| + | <p class="HomeComponentsP">Prevalent infectious diseases such as meningitis, dengue and typhoid fever are symptomatically similar to malaria, and are thus often misdiagnosed in developing countries which lack the resources to maintain suitable healthcare infrastructures (Murray, Quam, & Wilder-Smith, 2013). Failure to accurately diagnose such diseases is of particular concern.</p> |
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| - | <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis eget auctor nunc. Fusce semper sodales nulla. Suspendisse potenti. Pellentesque feugiat leo in mi dapibus iaculis. Sed tincidunt arcu quis libero blandit ullamcorper. Vestibulum sollicitudin nibh sit amet magna mattis, non dapibus orci ullamcorper. Curabitur eget quam vitae lectus ullamcorper accumsan ac vitae lectus. Suspendisse pulvinar suscipit pharetra. In lorem justo, mollis lacinia ultrices ullamcorper, rutrum eu urna. Pellentesque aliquam et diam eu auctor. Praesent volutpat, elit a porta mattis, lectus tortor rhoncus diam, nec aliquam urna erat porta nisl. Donec at consequat felis. Proin vitae leo dictum, pretium ipsum auctor, iaculis lorem. Nam eget aliquet justo. Integer interdum sapien id dolor mattis sollicitudin nec id purus. Donec orci ipsum, vulputate vitae suscipit vitae, pharetra ac diam.</p>
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| - | <p>Donec aliquet, nibh sit amet pharetra iaculis, felis turpis molestie magna, sit amet porta eros arcu quis purus. Vivamus et odio a urna tincidunt porta luctus et massa. Proin viverra ligula arcu, eu sodales mi facilisis non. In et dolor ut sapien egestas fringilla quis at est. Phasellus aliquam tristique consectetur. Vestibulum vulputate gravida justo et tempor. Nullam quis justo quis mi dictum ullamcorper vitae sed augue. Vivamus eget nunc elit.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc mollis aliquet est eu elementum. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Pellentesque in elit vitae turpis consequat lacinia vel vel tortor. Integer mi erat, rutrum quis libero vitae, suscipit dictum orci. Sed elit justo, dapibus sollicitudin erat vel, imperdiet lacinia orci. Praesent non metus vitae purus aliquam tincidunt. Cras et porttitor ante. Duis bibendum facilisis augue, eget sagittis velit bibendum ut. Fusce consectetur ligula faucibus, dignissim quam in, imperdiet quam. Phasellus magna tellus, convallis sit amet consequat consectetur, pretium ac massa. Sed semper condimentum pharetra. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Pellentesque quis nunc dui. Aliquam sit amet enim rutrum, posuere ante ac, sodales magna. Mauris ultrices at nunc non porta.</p>
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| - | <p>Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Suspendisse lacinia nisi quis ligula lobortis, vel eleifend est interdum. Aenean non tortor lacus. Ut ac porta est, quis dapibus nibh. Integer semper lectus eget imperdiet faucibus. Nullam condimentum dapibus libero eget vehicula. Maecenas vehicula ipsum non sapien sodales, vel ultrices purus ornare.</p> | + | |
| - | <p>Pellentesque tellus nulla, luctus bibendum semper sodales, vehicula porta libero. Proin dapibus volutpat fringilla. Sed ultricies sed odio ac eleifend. Nulla at ipsum porta, imperdiet ipsum sit amet, egestas lacus. Donec molestie nibh ut placerat iaculis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc non eros ipsum. Nam quis sem ac nibh eleifend adipiscing ut a elit. Nam volutpat, augue vitae accumsan faucibus, odio tellus iaculis ligula, eget fermentum metus nisl quis sem. Fusce bibendum condimentum nunc eget aliquet. Cras in mi et magna cursus laoreet. Integer in libero id eros commodo porttitor.</p>
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| - | <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis eget auctor nunc. Fusce semper sodales nulla. Suspendisse potenti. Pellentesque feugiat leo in mi dapibus iaculis. Sed tincidunt arcu quis libero blandit ullamcorper. Vestibulum sollicitudin nibh sit amet magna mattis, non dapibus orci ullamcorper. Curabitur eget quam vitae lectus ullamcorper accumsan ac vitae lectus. Suspendisse pulvinar suscipit pharetra. In lorem justo, mollis lacinia ultrices ullamcorper, rutrum eu urna. Pellentesque aliquam et diam eu auctor. Praesent volutpat, elit a porta mattis, lectus tortor rhoncus diam, nec aliquam urna erat porta nisl. Donec at consequat felis. Proin vitae leo dictum, pretium ipsum auctor, iaculis lorem. Nam eget aliquet justo. Integer interdum sapien id dolor mattis sollicitudin nec id purus. Donec orci ipsum, vulputate vitae suscipit vitae, pharetra ac diam.</p>
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| - | <p>Donec aliquet, nibh sit amet pharetra iaculis, felis turpis molestie magna, sit amet porta eros arcu quis purus. Vivamus et odio a urna tincidunt porta luctus et massa. Proin viverra ligula arcu, eu sodales mi facilisis non. In et dolor ut sapien egestas fringilla quis at est. Phasellus aliquam tristique consectetur. Vestibulum vulputate gravida justo et tempor. Nullam quis justo quis mi dictum ullamcorper vitae sed augue. Vivamus eget nunc elit.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc mollis aliquet est eu elementum. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Pellentesque in elit vitae turpis consequat lacinia vel vel tortor. Integer mi erat, rutrum quis libero vitae, suscipit dictum orci. Sed elit justo, dapibus sollicitudin erat vel, imperdiet lacinia orci. Praesent non metus vitae purus aliquam tincidunt. Cras et porttitor ante. Duis bibendum facilisis augue, eget sagittis velit bibendum ut. Fusce consectetur ligula faucibus, dignissim quam in, imperdiet quam. Phasellus magna tellus, convallis sit amet consequat consectetur, pretium ac massa. Sed semper condimentum pharetra. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Pellentesque quis nunc dui. Aliquam sit amet enim rutrum, posuere ante ac, sodales magna. Mauris ultrices at nunc non porta.</p> | + | |
| - | <p>Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Suspendisse lacinia nisi quis ligula lobortis, vel eleifend est interdum. Aenean non tortor lacus. Ut ac porta est, quis dapibus nibh. Integer semper lectus eget imperdiet faucibus. Nullam condimentum dapibus libero eget vehicula. Maecenas vehicula ipsum non sapien sodales, vel ultrices purus ornare.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque tellus nulla, luctus bibendum semper sodales, vehicula porta libero. Proin dapibus volutpat fringilla. Sed ultricies sed odio ac eleifend. Nulla at ipsum porta, imperdiet ipsum sit amet, egestas lacus. Donec molestie nibh ut placerat iaculis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc non eros ipsum. Nam quis sem ac nibh eleifend adipiscing ut a elit. Nam volutpat, augue vitae accumsan faucibus, odio tellus iaculis ligula, eget fermentum metus nisl quis sem. Fusce bibendum condimentum nunc eget aliquet. Cras in mi et magna cursus laoreet. Integer in libero id eros commodo porttitor.</p> | + | |
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| - | <p>Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Duis eget auctor nunc. Fusce semper sodales nulla. Suspendisse potenti. Pellentesque feugiat leo in mi dapibus iaculis. Sed tincidunt arcu quis libero blandit ullamcorper. Vestibulum sollicitudin nibh sit amet magna mattis, non dapibus orci ullamcorper. Curabitur eget quam vitae lectus ullamcorper accumsan ac vitae lectus. Suspendisse pulvinar suscipit pharetra. In lorem justo, mollis lacinia ultrices ullamcorper, rutrum eu urna. Pellentesque aliquam et diam eu auctor. Praesent volutpat, elit a porta mattis, lectus tortor rhoncus diam, nec aliquam urna erat porta nisl. Donec at consequat felis. Proin vitae leo dictum, pretium ipsum auctor, iaculis lorem. Nam eget aliquet justo. Integer interdum sapien id dolor mattis sollicitudin nec id purus. Donec orci ipsum, vulputate vitae suscipit vitae, pharetra ac diam.</p>
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| - | <p>Donec aliquet, nibh sit amet pharetra iaculis, felis turpis molestie magna, sit amet porta eros arcu quis purus. Vivamus et odio a urna tincidunt porta luctus et massa. Proin viverra ligula arcu, eu sodales mi facilisis non. In et dolor ut sapien egestas fringilla quis at est. Phasellus aliquam tristique consectetur. Vestibulum vulputate gravida justo et tempor. Nullam quis justo quis mi dictum ullamcorper vitae sed augue. Vivamus eget nunc elit.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc mollis aliquet est eu elementum. In hac habitasse platea dictumst. Pellentesque in elit vitae turpis consequat lacinia vel vel tortor. Integer mi erat, rutrum quis libero vitae, suscipit dictum orci. Sed elit justo, dapibus sollicitudin erat vel, imperdiet lacinia orci. Praesent non metus vitae purus aliquam tincidunt. Cras et porttitor ante. Duis bibendum facilisis augue, eget sagittis velit bibendum ut. Fusce consectetur ligula faucibus, dignissim quam in, imperdiet quam. Phasellus magna tellus, convallis sit amet consequat consectetur, pretium ac massa. Sed semper condimentum pharetra. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Pellentesque quis nunc dui. Aliquam sit amet enim rutrum, posuere ante ac, sodales magna. Mauris ultrices at nunc non porta.</p>
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| - | <p>Class aptent taciti sociosqu ad litora torquent per conubia nostra, per inceptos himenaeos. Suspendisse lacinia nisi quis ligula lobortis, vel eleifend est interdum. Aenean non tortor lacus. Ut ac porta est, quis dapibus nibh. Integer semper lectus eget imperdiet faucibus. Nullam condimentum dapibus libero eget vehicula. Maecenas vehicula ipsum non sapien sodales, vel ultrices purus ornare.</p>
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| - | <p>Pellentesque tellus nulla, luctus bibendum semper sodales, vehicula porta libero. Proin dapibus volutpat fringilla. Sed ultricies sed odio ac eleifend. Nulla at ipsum porta, imperdiet ipsum sit amet, egestas lacus. Donec molestie nibh ut placerat iaculis. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Nunc non eros ipsum. Nam quis sem ac nibh eleifend adipiscing ut a elit. Nam volutpat, augue vitae accumsan faucibus, odio tellus iaculis ligula, eget fermentum metus nisl quis sem. Fusce bibendum condimentum nunc eget aliquet. Cras in mi et magna cursus laoreet. Integer in libero id eros commodo porttitor.</p> | + | |
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MALARIA MISDIAGNOSIS
Infectious diseases including dengue fever, typhoid fever, and meningitis are symptomatically similar to malaria, and thus are often misdiagnosed in resource-poor developing countries lacking suitable medical diagnostic facilities. The lack of reliable rapid diagnostic tests to diagnose diseases, such as typhoid fever and meningitis, and a reduced capacity to perform standard tests to accurately diagnose these diseases contribute significantly to the problem of misdiagnosis. Due to these diagnostic challenges, patients can also undergo treatment for multiple diseases like malaria and typhoid fever despite a lack of confirmed diagnosis of co-infection. Improper treatment may prolong illness and cause adverse side effects in patients, in addition to a loss of faith in established health services. Misdiagnosis can also result in increased economic burdens and anti-malarial drug resistance. In Sudan, the 2000 annual cost of both treatment and diagnosis of malaria was $100 million USD whereas the calculated cost of accurate malaria.
CASE STUDY
Prevalent infectious diseases such as meningitis, dengue and typhoid fever are symptomatically similar to malaria, and are thus often misdiagnosed in developing countries which LACK THE RESOURCES to maintain suitable healthcare infrastructures.
Misdiagnosis prevents the appropriate treatments from being administered in a timely manner, which results in unnecessary HUMAN SUFFERING and a significant financial burden on the healthcare system.
OUR DEVICE, OUR IDEA
iGEM Calgary 2014 team is using synthetic biology to develop a NOVEL, GENOME-BASED, RAPID POINT-OF-CARE device to simultaneously diagnose multiple infectious diseases.
COMPONENTS OF OUR SYSTEM
Prevalent infectious diseases such as meningitis, dengue and typhoid fever are symptomatically similar to malaria, and are thus often misdiagnosed in developing countries which lack the resources to maintain suitable healthcare infrastructures (Murray, Quam, & Wilder-Smith, 2013). Failure to accurately diagnose such diseases is of particular concern.
"
