Team:LMU-Munich/Human Practice/Panel Discussion
From 2014.igem.org
Panel Discussion
This year’s project BaKillus combines approaches gained by Synthetic Biology with the medical issue fighting against MRSA. In July 2014 we organized the panel discussion “Does Germany need Synthetic Biology to improve the (personalized) medicine?” inviting citizens to join and learn more about this new appearing field of the modern biology. As our project BaKillus is related to the controversial issue applying engineered bacteria to cure patients in the distant future, our aim was to discuss discussing the acceptance of using the tools of Synthetic Biology in the modern medicine, in a population with a very critical opinion concerning the genetic engineering was our aim.
The event started with a short introduction about Synthetic Biology, given by Prof. Dr. Thorsten Mascher (LMU Munich, Synthetic Microbiology). He explained the characteristic features of Synthetic Biology, giving examples like the construction of a synthetic version of the third chromosome of Saccharomyces cerevisae.
In the main section, the moderator PD Dr. Bernd Giese (University of Bremen, Department of Technology Development and Design) and three invited scientists discussed the pros and cons of Synthetic Biology. At the end, the experts were open for questions from the audience.
We invited the following experts:
Prof. Dr. Ralf Wagner
University of Regensburg, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene
Dr. rer. nat. Martin Siemann-Herzberg
University Stuttgart, Germany, Institute of Biochemical Engineering
PD Dr. Alexander Bogner
Austrian Academy of Science, Institute for Technology Assessment
Dr. med. Frank Bartram - Unfortunately he had to decline his invitation.
First Chairman of the German Environmental Health Organization (Deutscher Berufsverband der Umweltmedizin)
One aspect of the interactive discussion was the claim that the new arisen field of the Synthetic Biology is still not very known in the population: Only a small fraction of people is affected by Synthetic Biology, and most of the people have never heard about this term before. In addition there exists only a vague gradient from the Genetic Engineering to Synthetic Biology, no real dissociation between the two fields exists. In Germany the Green Genetic Engineering is regarded as a black sheep in the population and was controversial discussed in the last decades. That is not true for Synthetic Biology. One reason might be that the debate concerning the Genetic Engineering hadeergone hand to hand with rebellion against the capitalisms and the police state. This rebellious phase is now subsided, thus the Synthetic Biology is either not known in public or not debated.
One question of the audience, whether Synthetic Biology could be used in military research to produce bioweapons, was relativized by the thesis, that these kinds of weapons can be produced much easier without using the tools of the Synthetic Biology. In addition, the request of synthetizing genes is always regulated harshly to prevent the synthetis of potential harmful genes for criminal use.
To conclude, the field of the Synthetic Biology has not got further than basic research, but in order to someday have a great use, one has to keep on understanding systems, devices and parts and the complexity behind it.
To learn more about our experts (click here)
PD Dr. Bernd Giese
[http://www.tecdesign.uni-bremen.de/typo3/en/staff/academic-staff/dr-bernd-giese.html]
Bernd Giese is research associate at the Department of Technological Development and Design, University of Bremen with the focus on Synthetic Biology. In his time as post-doctoral fellow at the University of Greifswald he studied the molecular mechanisms of intracellular infection with Staphylococci, which are the target of BaKillus, and discovered mechanisms and factors involved in the infection of mammalian cells with these pathogens.
He is current working at the following projects: Innovation and Technology Analysis of Synthetic Biology (SynBioTA) and Attentive Technologies – Guiding principles for an age-appropriate technology design (AttenTech).
Prof. Dr. Ralf Wagner
[http://www.imhr.de/en/research/research-groups/prof-dr-ralf-wagner-2]
Ralf Wagner is university professor at the Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Regensburg, where he is heading the Medical Microbiology and Gene Therapy Unit. He was amongst the first scientists to recognize the value of gene design and synthesis for different areas of biotechnology including vaccine development, thus consequently translating basic research tools into scalable technologies and a quickly emerging business in the field of Synthetic Biology. His current scientific focus lies on merging aspects of Synthetic Biology with state of the art vaccine development.
Dr. rer. nat. Martin Siemann-Herzberg
[http://www.ibvt.uni-stuttgart.de/mitarbeiter/martin_siemann-herzberg.html]
Martin Siemann-Herzberg is deputy head of the institute of Biochemical Engineering, University Stuttgart with the speciality in Synthetic Biology and Systems Biology, emphasizing the application of science for technical purpose.
PD Dr. Alexander Bogner
[http://www.oeaw.ac.at/ita/en/about-us/the-ita-team/alexander-bogner/about]
Alexander Bogner is a habilitated sociologist working in the Institute of Technology Assessment at the Austrian Academy of Science with the main emphasis on science, technic and environment, analysing Green Genetic Engineering and other upcoming technologies, like the Synthetic Biology, in the context of policy and the general public. His current project SYNENERGENE aims to pique public’s interest to the Synthetic Biology and fathom the possibilities of a responsible design of technology.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/5a/LMU14_tour_intro.png)
Hi there!
Welcome to our Wiki! I'm BaKillus, the pathogen-hunting microbe, and I'll guide you on this tour through our project. If you want to learn more about a specific step, you can simply close the tour and come back to it anytime you like. So let's start!
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ab/LMU14_tour_problem.png)
What's the problem?
First of all, what am I doing here? The problem is, pathogenic bacteria all around the world are becoming more and more resistant against antimicrobial drugs. One major reason for the trend is the inappropriate use of drugs. With my BaKillus super powers, I want to reduce this misuse and thus do my part to save global health.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/44/LMU14_tour_sensing.png)
Sensing of pathogens
To combat the pathogenic bacteria, I simply eavesdrop on their communication. Bacteria talk with each other via quorum sensing systems, which I use to detect them and trigger my responses.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/63/LMU14_tour_adhesion.png)
Adhesion
The more specific and effective I can use my powers, the lower the danger is of provoking new resistance development. So I catch pathogens whenever I get hold of them and stick to them until my work is done.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6a/LMU14_tour_killing.png)
Killing
Talking about my work - killing pathogens is finally what I am made for. In response to quorum sensing molecules of the pathogens, I export a range of antimicrobial substances leading to dissipation of biofilms and the killing of the targeted bacteria.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/LMU14_tour_suicide.png)
Suicide switch
When the job is done and all the bad guys are finished, you don't need a super hero anymore. So after fulfilling my work I say goodbye to the world by activating my suicide switch.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/de/LMU14_tour_application.png)
Application
Of course I'm not only a fictional hero, but a very real one. In two different prototypes, I could be used for diagnosis or treatment of pathogen-caused diseases. However, there is still a whole lot of regulational and economical questions that have to be answered before.
![](https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a4/LMU14_tour_schluss.png)
See you!
So now you know my short story - and it is time for me to return to my fight for a safer world. Feel free to take a closer look on my super powers, the process of my development or the plans for a medical application.