Team:HokkaidoU Japan/Projects/Overview/Background

From 2014.igem.org

(Difference between revisions)
Line 118: Line 118:
       <h1>Background</h1>
       <h1>Background</h1>
       <p>
       <p>
-
       Discovering of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and reverse transcription of virus collapsed the Central dogma that was declared by Francis Click.  
+
       Discovering of non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) and reverse transcription of virus composes the central dogma that was declared by Francis Click.  
-
       ncRNA does not encode any proteins, and it had been thought that they don’t have any function.  
+
       Since ncRNAs do not encode any proteins, they had been thought that they don't have any functions.
-
       However, now we know they have many functions.
+
       However, it was proved that they do have many functions.
-
      For example, some ncRNA reduce the efficiency of translation, while others promote that. (C Claudia <i>et al.</i>, 2012<sup><a href="#cite-1">[1]</a></sup>).       
+
      For example, some ncRNAs reduce the efficiency of translation, while others promote that. (C. Claudia <i>et al.</i>, 2012<sup><a href="#cite-1">[1]</a></sup>).       
       </p>       
       </p>       
       <p>
       <p>
-
       There is ncRNA that is called anti-sense RNA (asRNA).
+
       There are ncRNAs called anti-sense RNA (asRNAs), which down-regulate translation. An asRNA has complement sequence of its target mRNA, and reduces the translation efficiency by hybridizing.  
-
      asRNA is a kind of RNA which down regulates the translation. It has complement sequence of target mRNA, and reduce the translation efficiency by hybridizing.  
+
       asRNAs can be easily synthesized, but there is no clear method to make stable, highly efficient asRNAs.  
-
       We can synthesize asRNA easily, but there is no clear method to make stable, high efficient asRNA.  
+
       </p>
       </p>
Line 132: Line 131:
         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/93/HokkaidoU_Background01.png">
         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/93/HokkaidoU_Background01.png">
         <div>
         <div>
-
         Fig. 1 asRNA hybridizes with target mRNA and interrupts entry of ribosome
+
         Fig. 1 An asRNA hybridizes with target mRNA and interrupts entry of ribosome.
         </div>
         </div>
       </div>
       </div>
Line 145: Line 144:
          
          
       <p>
       <p>
-
       In this situation, Nakashima who is a researcher of  AIST (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology)
+
       In this situation, Nakashima and his colleagues discovered asRNA that is sandwiched by 38 base pairs of repeated sequence is stable and regulates translation at a high efficiency (N Nakashima <i>et al.</i>, 2006<sup><a href="#cite-2">[2]</a></sup>).
-
      discovered asRNA that is sandwiched by 38 base pairs repeated sequence is stable and have high efficiency for translation regulation (N Nakashima <i>et al.</i>, 2006<sup><a href="#cite-2">[2]</a></sup>).
+
       </p>
       </p>
     <p>
     <p>
       Many iGEM teams prepare their project using asRNA, but how many teams use the asRNA that is based on a clear design concept?
       Many iGEM teams prepare their project using asRNA, but how many teams use the asRNA that is based on a clear design concept?
-
      So, this year, we provide you a BioBrick standardized asRNA.
+
      This year, we provide you a BioBrick standardized asRNA.
       </p>
       </p>
       <div class="clearfix"></div>
       <div class="clearfix"></div>
Line 156: Line 154:
   
   
       <p>
       <p>
-
       This asRNA will assure you that
+
       Our procedure to design asRNAs will assure you that
       </p>
       </p>
       <ul>
       <ul>
-
         <li>It’s based on a clear design concept.</li>
+
         <li>The asRNAs are based on a clear design concept.</li>
-
         <li> It has calculated an ideal second structure.</li>
+
         <li>They are calculated to have ideal second structures.</li>
-
         <li> High translation regulation efficiency based on our results. </li>
+
         <li>They have high efficiency to regulate translation, based on our results. </li>
       </ul>
       </ul>
       <p>
       <p>
-
       By using such asRNA, we did the projects below.
+
       By using those asRNAs, we did the projects below.
       </p>
       </p>
       <ul>
       <ul>
Line 172: Line 170:
       </ul>
       </ul>
       <p>
       <p>
-
      In conventional iGEM projects, many teams only transform plasmids, but if you use our asRNA, you can regulate genome gene expression.
+
       Our project provides not only high efficient asRNAs but also brand new viewpoints to your project.
-
       Our project provides not only high efficient asRNA but also new standpoint of your project.
+
      As yet, almost all the projects presented to iGEM have focused to regulate the behavior of <i>E. coli</i>, only by transforming plasmids.
 +
      But now, you can use our asRNA and regulate expression of the genes which are on genome.
       </p>
       </p>
       <p>
       <p>

Revision as of 16:40, 17 October 2014

Project Overview
Background

Background

Discovering of non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) and reverse transcription of virus composes the central dogma that was declared by Francis Click. Since ncRNAs do not encode any proteins, they had been thought that they don't have any functions. However, it was proved that they do have many functions. For example, some ncRNAs reduce the efficiency of translation, while others promote that. (C. Claudia et al., 2012[1]).

There are ncRNAs called anti-sense RNA (asRNAs), which down-regulate translation. An asRNA has complement sequence of its target mRNA, and reduces the translation efficiency by hybridizing. asRNAs can be easily synthesized, but there is no clear method to make stable, highly efficient asRNAs.

Fig. 1 An asRNA hybridizes with target mRNA and interrupts entry of ribosome.
Fig. 2 Stem structure stabilizes asRNA

In this situation, Nakashima and his colleagues discovered asRNA that is sandwiched by 38 base pairs of repeated sequence is stable and regulates translation at a high efficiency (N Nakashima et al., 2006[2]).

Many iGEM teams prepare their project using asRNA, but how many teams use the asRNA that is based on a clear design concept? This year, we provide you a BioBrick standardized asRNA.

Our procedure to design asRNAs will assure you that

  • The asRNAs are based on a clear design concept.
  • They are calculated to have ideal second structures.
  • They have high efficiency to regulate translation, based on our results.

By using those asRNAs, we did the projects below.

  • Construct our asRNA that has modified stem sequence.
  • Construct B0034 -most popular RBS- specific asRNA, and regulate translation efficiency generally.
  • Construct various length asRNA and discover the optimum length of asRNA.

Our project provides not only high efficient asRNAs but also brand new viewpoints to your project. As yet, almost all the projects presented to iGEM have focused to regulate the behavior of E. coli, only by transforming plasmids. But now, you can use our asRNA and regulate expression of the genes which are on genome.

We used hybridizing of mRNA and specific asRNA to resemble love of RNA, and named our project “RNA in Love” Let's watch over RNA in love!



  1. C Claudiaet al. (2012) Long non-coding antisense RNA controls Uchl1 translation through an embedded SINEB2 repeat. Nature 491: 7424 454-
  2. N Nakashima et al. (2006) Paired termini stabilize antisense RNAs and enhance conditional gene silencing in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res 34: 20 e138

Retrieved from "http://2014.igem.org/Team:HokkaidoU_Japan/Projects/Overview/Background"