Protocols

Transformation

1. Add (1~5) µL of (DNA) to (50) µL of thawed competent cells on ice.
2. Incubate on ice for 30 min.
3. Add (600) µL of LB.
4. (Incubate the cells for 2 hrs at 37C.)
5. Spread 300 µL of the culture onto plate with LB and appropriate antibiotics.
6. (Add 900 µL of LB to 100 µL of the culture and spread 300 µL of it onto second plate.)
7. Incubate the plate(s) at 37C for 16~20 hours.

Mini-prep

Use FastGene^TM Plasmid mini kit (Nippon Genetics Co.,Ltd). This kit contains these reagents and wares: mP1 (resuspension buffer), mP2 (lysis buffer), mP3 (neutralization buffer), mP4 (first membrane wash buffer), mP5(second membrane wash buffer), mP6(elution buffer), column and collection tube.

1. Centrifuge (1~5) mL of culture at (over 10,000) rpm for 2 min.
2. Remove the supernatant.
3. Add 200 µL of mP1 and voltex it.
4. Add 200 µL of mP2 and invert the tube then leave it for 2 min at room temperature.
5. Add 300 µL of mP3 then invert the tube.
6. Centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 2 min.
7. Load the supernatant to column tube.
8. Centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 min.
9. Remove filtrate and add 400 µL of mP4 then centrifuge 13,000 rpm for 1 min.
10. Remove filtrate and add 600 µL of mP5 then centrifuge 13,000 rpm for 1 min.
11. Remove filtrate and centrifuge 13,000 rpm for 2 min.
12. Set column into 1.5 mL tube and add 50 µL of mP6.
13. Centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 2 min.

Ethanol precipitation

1. Add (5) µL of NaOAc, 1.5 µL of glycogen and (125) µL of 100% ethanol.
2. (Leave it at -80C for 1 hr. / Soak liquid nitrogen in an instant.)
3. Centrifuge at 15,000 rpm for (10~15) min at 4C.
4. Remove supernatant and add (220) µL of 70% ethanol.
5. Centrifuge at 15,000 rpm for (5~15) min at 4C.
6. Remove supernatant and air-dry at room temperature with light sheilding.
7. Suspend with 10 µL of DW.

Ligation

Mix the following reagents in 0.2 mL PCR tube. Use DNA Ligation Kit <Mighty Mix&rt; (Takara Bio Inc.) which contains ligase and buffer.

Solution	Vector DNA	Insert DNA	DW	Mighty Mix	Total
Volume (µL)	1	2	2	5	10

Thermal protocol is following

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (min)
1	16	30
2	65	10
3	4	Hold

Digestion

Mix the following reagents in PCR tube.

Solution	DNA	RE1 10U/µL	RE2 10U/µL	Appropriate buffer	Total
Volume (µL)	16	1	1	2	20

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (min)
1	37	120
2	65	15
3	4	Hold

Electrophoresis

1. Put gel into electrophoresis tank.
2. Pore 2x TBE buffer into the tank to soak gel.
3. Add 5 µL of EtBr into cathod.
4. Pre-migration for 30 min at 100 V.
5. Apply DNA solution with 6x loading dye and ladder.
6. Start electrophoresis at 100 V.

Gel extraction

Use FastGene^TM Gel/PCR Extraction kit (Nippon Genetics Co.,Ltd). This kit contains these reagents and wares: GP1 (binding buffer), GP2 (wash buffer), GP3 (elution buffer), column and collection tube.

1. Add 500 µL of GP1 to (~300 mg of) migrate gel and vortex.
2. Incubate the mixture at 55C for (10~15) min and inverted it.
3. Load the sample onto the column.
4. Centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 min.
5. Remove filtrate and add 600 µL of GP2 and centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 1 min.
6. Repeat step 5.
7. Remove filtrate and centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 2 min.
8. Set column into 1.5 mL tube and add 50 µL of GP6.
9. Centrifuge at 13,000 rpm for 2 min.

PCR

Use KOD -Plus- Neo (TOYOBO CO.,LTD) as polymerase. Mix PCR solutions and run the PCR machine in a program which is detailed below.

Solution	template DNA	Primer-F 10µM	Primer-R 10µM	MgSO4	dNTPs	10x Buffer	KOD Plus Neo	DW	Total
Volume (µL)	1	1	1	3	5	5	1	33	50

Thermal protocol is following

2STEP Cycle (Tm value ≥ 63C)

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (sec)
1	94	120
2	98	10
3	68	30sec / 1kbp
4	4	Hold

Cycle: sequence2~3 × (25~45)

3STEP Cycle (Tm value ≤ 63C)

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (sec)
1	94	120
2	98	10
3	Tm	30
4	68	30sec / 1kbp
5	4	Hold

Cycle: sequence2~4 × (25~45)

Sequencing

Solution	5 x Sequencing Buffer	primer 1µL	template DNA	Ready Reaction Premix	DW	Total
Volume (µL)	1.5	1.5	1	1	5	10

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (sec)
1	96	10
2	50	5
3	60	240
4	4	Hold

Cycle: sequence2~4 × 25

Ethanol precipitation

Solution	PCR product	DW	3M NaOAc	Glycogen	100% EtOH
Volume (µL)	10	10	2	1	50

1. centrifuge at 15,000 rpm for 15 min at room temprature
2. Remove supernatant ,add 100 µL of 70% EtOH and tap tubes by finger.
3. centrifuge at 15,000 rpm for 10 min at room temprature
4. Remove supernatant and air dry at room temperature, after that 10 µL of  DW is added and dissolve the precipitate.
5. Electrophoresis
6. Resuspend the pellet to HiDi formamide and remove to 96-well plate.
7. Set the plate and start electrophoresis.

Streaking (Single colony isolation)

1. Pick the colony with an inoculating loop from the agar plate．
2. Drag the loop across on a new agar plate.
3. Re-sterilise the loop and drag it across again.
4. Repeat method 3.

Colony PCR

Solution	DNA	Kapa-Taq (Taq polymerase)	EX-F primer 10µM	PS-R primer 10µM	DW	Total
Volume (µL)	4	10	0.8	0.8	8.4	20

Sequence	Temp. (°C)	Time (sec)
1	95	120
2	95	30
3	68.9	30
4	72	60
5	72	120
6	4	Hold

cycles: sequence2~4 × 30~45

β－Galactosidase assay

(OZBIOSCHIENCES CPRG β－GAlactosidase Assay Kit : improved version)

1. Liquid culture transfected cells with a plasmid coding LacZ gene for 24 hrs in 2mL LB.
2. Centrifuge 100 µL of culture at 1000 G for 3 min.
3. Remove the supernatant and suspend the pellet in 50 µL of 5x Lysis Buffer.
4. Incubate the lysate for 15 min at room temperature by vortexing it several times to ensure complete lysis.
5. Add 50 µL of Standard Dilution Buffer to 13-well(changeable) of a 96-well plate, and make a standard curve.

β-Gal Standard (milliunits)	Standard Dilution Buffer Volume	β-Gal Standard Volume
20	999 µL	1 µL of β-gal standard stock
10	100 µL	100 µL of 20 mu β-gal standard
5	100 µL	100 µL of 10 mu β-gal standard
2.5	100 µL	100 µL of 5 mu β-gal standard
1.25	100 µL	100 µL of 2.5 mu β-gal standard
0.625	100 µL	100 µL of 1.25 mu β-gal standard
0.3125	100 µL	100 µL of 0.625 mu β-gal standard
0.15625	100 µL	100 µL of 0.3125 mu β-gal standard
0.078125	100 µL	100 µL of 0.15625 mu β-gal standard
0.0390625	100 µL	100 µL of 0.078125 mu β-gal standard
0.01953125	100 µL	100 µL of 0.0390625 mu β-gal standard
0.009765625	100 µL	100 µL of 0.01953125 mu β-gal standard
0	100 µL

1. Add 50 µL of each sample to new well.
2. Add 50 µL of 1x CPRG Substrate Solution to each well and incubate the plate at room temperature for about 2 hrs.
3. Add 100 µL of Stop Buffer to each well.
4. Monitor the color development(Measure the absorbance of each sample) at 570-595 nm.
5. Calculate the expression levels(the activity) of lacZ based on a standard curve