Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/Theory

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<h1>Isobutanol</h1>
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<h1>Module III - Isobutanol production</h1>
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              <p class="buttoncenter"><font color="#FFFFFF">Overview</font></p>
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<a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/GeneticalApproach"style="color:#000000">
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               <p class="buttoncenter"><font color="#FFFFFF">Genetical approach</font></p>
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               <p class="buttoncenter"><font color="#FFFFFF">Outlook</font></p>
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               <p class="buttoncenter"><font color="#FFFFFF">Results</font></p>
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   <h6>Short summary</h6>
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     <p>Within the third module of our project the products of the carbon dioxide fixation will be used by the cell to produce the key metabolite pyruvate. Pyruvate can be converted in different products. We decided to introduce an isobutanol production pathway. For this we want to use and improve existing BioBricks (iGEM Team Formosa 2011/2012).  
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     <p>The aim of the third module of our project is the production of isobutanol in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Notebook/Organisms#E.coli" target="_blank"><i>Escherichia coli</i></a>, which was already shown by <a href="#Atsumi2008">Atsumi et al.</a> The bacteria should use the products of the carbon dioxide fixation from module II to produce the key metabolite pyruvate. Pyruvate is then further used in metabolic pathways of the cell. Pyruvate is considered as a key metabolite because it can be used as a precursor for different industrially relevant products. <br> We decided to introduce an isobutanol production pathway which starts with pyruvate and is called 2-keto-acid, or Ehrlich, pathway (<a href="#Pamela2012">Peralta-Yahya et al., 2012</a>, <a href="#Atsumi2008">Atsumi et al., 2008</a>). For this we want to use and improve existing BioBricks from iGEM team NCTU Formosa 2011/2012.  
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The modularity of BioBricks enables the exchange of a variety of producing systems. The producing pathway of variable high value products derived from pyruvate can be implemented. Hence, products like isoprene, putrescine or even antibiotics are possible candidates with industrial application.
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Different production pathways of variable high value products derive from pyruvate. For further purpose the modularity of BioBricks can be used to enable the exchange of those producing systems. Other, than isobutanol, thinkable products would be isoprene, putrescine or even antibiotics.
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<a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Results/Isobutanol">Here</a> you will find our results of the production of Isobutanol.
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<a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Results/Isobutanol">Here</a> you will find our results of the isobutanol production.
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You can find more information about the <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/Theory">underlying theory</a>, our <a href ="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/GeneticalApproach">genetical approach</a> and an <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/Outlook">outlook</a> on our wiki</p>
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You can find more information about <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/Isobutanol">isobutanol</a>, our <a href ="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/GeneticalApproach">genetical approach</a> and an <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/Isobutanol/Outlook">outlook</a> on our wiki.
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  <h6>Product Synthesis</h6>
 
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    <p>The third module benefits from the two modules before. <i>E. coli</i> has gained energy equivalents and reduction equivalents to generate pyruvate by binding carbon dioxide. By using the Calvin cycle the product of our CO2 fixation is pyruvate. This substance is now used as the initial point for the product synthesis. Pyruvate is a starting point of the producing pathways of a variety of high value products like isobutanol, isoprene, putrescine or even antibiotics. Our project implements the producing pathway of isobutanol by using and improving existing BioBricks (iGEM Team Formosa 2011/2012).
 
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<font size="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Figure 1</b>: Schematic illustration of module III</font>
 
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The product synthesis can be changed through the modularity of BioBricks so that variable high value products derived from pyruvate can be implemented in the future. </p>
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   <h6>Isobutanol</h6>
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   <h6>References</h6>
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    <p>Isobutanol is an organic compound. In IUPAC nomenclature it is called 2-methylpropan-1-ol. The advantage of this substance is that it has application fields in many industrial production sites because of this properties. For example it is used in varnish, as an gasoline additive or in paint solvents.<br>
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We think that isobutanol is a product which can be used in several ways which makes it interesting as an product of our production system.</p>
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  Atsumi S, Hanai T, Liao JC., 2008. Non-fermentative pathways for synthesis of branched-chain higher alcohols as biofuels. In: <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v451/n7174/full/nature06450.html" target="_blank">Nature 451</a>, 86–89.  
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Pamela P. Peralta-Yahya, Fuzhong Zhang, Stephen B. del Cardayre & Jay D. Keasling, 2012. Microbial engineering for the production of advanced biofuels. In: <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v488/n7411/full/nature11478.html" target="_blank">Nature 488</a>, 320–328
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Latest revision as of 10:01, 2 December 2014


Module III - Isobutanol production


Short summary

The aim of the third module of our project is the production of isobutanol in Escherichia coli, which was already shown by Atsumi et al. The bacteria should use the products of the carbon dioxide fixation from module II to produce the key metabolite pyruvate. Pyruvate is then further used in metabolic pathways of the cell. Pyruvate is considered as a key metabolite because it can be used as a precursor for different industrially relevant products.
We decided to introduce an isobutanol production pathway which starts with pyruvate and is called 2-keto-acid, or Ehrlich, pathway (Peralta-Yahya et al., 2012, Atsumi et al., 2008). For this we want to use and improve existing BioBricks from iGEM team NCTU Formosa 2011/2012.

Different production pathways of variable high value products derive from pyruvate. For further purpose the modularity of BioBricks can be used to enable the exchange of those producing systems. Other, than isobutanol, thinkable products would be isoprene, putrescine or even antibiotics.

Here you will find our results of the isobutanol production.
You can find more information about isobutanol, our genetical approach and an outlook on our wiki.


References
  • Atsumi S, Hanai T, Liao JC., 2008. Non-fermentative pathways for synthesis of branched-chain higher alcohols as biofuels. In: Nature 451, 86–89.
  • Pamela P. Peralta-Yahya, Fuzhong Zhang, Stephen B. del Cardayre & Jay D. Keasling, 2012. Microbial engineering for the production of advanced biofuels. In: Nature 488, 320–328

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