The aim of our project is to investigate the emergence of complexity and how we can deal with complexity in general. Our project addresses this goal in two ways.

First, we follow a biomimetic approach. We are inspired by Sierpinski triangle patterns present on sea snail shells. We engineer comparable emergent patterns on grids of bacterial colonies. Our approach corresponds to the motto "What I cannot create, I cannot understand" (Richard Feynman). This project that combines modeling and wet-lab work will enable us to answer some questions such as how complexity can emerge from simple rules, whether it can be predicted from simple rules and how we can deal with crosstalk and leakiness of biological systems to enable a good predictability.

Second, we widen the scope of our investigation to other projects and disciplines, from scientific fields to philosophy, sociology or art. We address the issue of how to deal with complexity, by interviewing experts in several fields and conducting a larger study with a survey. Do these people consider that parts are strictly ordered, and try to reduce complexity to simple parts strictly following a set of deterministic rules, or do they accept that complexity comprises a mix of order and disorder, that a part of randomness cannot be neglected and that complex systems should be studied as a whole? Both approaches have their advantages and their drawbacks, which one should we choose to deal with the increasing complexity of our world?

These overarching considerations led us to formulate these specific subgoals:

• Make a Sierpinski triangle pattern appear on a grid of bacteria
• Associate quorum sensing and logic gates in bacterial colonies
• Implement an XOR gate in E. coli
• Characterize integrases (retrieve missing parameters for our model)
• Lower the leakiness in quorum sensing systems
• Study different level of quorum sensing crosstalk in order to implement orthogonal communication
• Be able to predict accurately the system’s behavior by our model
• Conduct a survey about how to deal with complexity
• Gather interviews of experts from different fields
• Find our own answer to this question thanks to our Mosaicoli