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Team:UCL/Project/Xenobiology
From 2014.igem.org
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<p class="edText1"> The wide use of genetically modified organisms causes concerns on how they will interact in the natural environment. In particular could the genetically modiefied microbes escape our constrains, and outcompete the organisms found in the natural ecosystem? Could the DNA we inserted into a specific bacteria be transmitted, with unknown spread of information? </p> | <p class="edText1"> The wide use of genetically modified organisms causes concerns on how they will interact in the natural environment. In particular could the genetically modiefied microbes escape our constrains, and outcompete the organisms found in the natural ecosystem? Could the DNA we inserted into a specific bacteria be transmitted, with unknown spread of information? </p> | ||
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| + | <li>Metabolic Firewall</li> | ||
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Revision as of 11:55, 19 September 2014
The ultimate biosafety tool
Xenosummary work in progress
See paper, emails in which you explained it and diary. write as google doc than transfer here. passionate and let proofread
Since the early days of genetic engineering, our ability to manipulate living organisms had to face the invevitable risks of any new technology.
The Asilomar conference first addressed these concerns, and set limits to ensure that the work of scientists didn't allow for --> containment systems
Research in Synthetic Biology has brought these concerns to a new level: as our tinkering with Biology increases, the unknowns of this technology expand and oblige us to further reflect on the safety measures we need to implement
Biosafety strategies have so far explogrey biology to implement clever mechanisms to control this new technology. They investigated various strategies that allow to kill bacteria when needed or that hinder genetic information to spread among different organisms
Our biosafety strategy is exploring the regions outside of Biology to implement a different system that could be controlled
Fundamentally our bacteria should have their biochemistry depend on a synthetic cofactor - not existing in nature - that derives from the azo dyes they break down, hence only survive in azo dyed water which can ultimately be found near azo dyes factories.
Xenobiology is ... blabla... could this be our ultimate biosafety tool?
Biosafety in Synthetic Biology
The wide use of genetically modified organisms causes concerns on how they will interact in the natural environment. In particular could the genetically modiefied microbes escape our constrains, and outcompete the organisms found in the natural ecosystem? Could the DNA we inserted into a specific bacteria be transmitted, with unknown spread of information?
Biological vs. Xenobiological strategies
Biological strategies
Xenobiological strategies
Embedded biosafety system
- Genetic Firewall
- Semantic Firewall
- Metabolic Firewall
Reference:
- Wright, O., Stan, G.-B., and Ellis, T. (2013). Building-in biosafety for synthetic biology. (Review) Microbiology, 159, 1221-1235. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23519158
- Okada, K., Minehira, M., and Zhu, X. (1997). The ispB gene encoding octaprenyl diphosphate synthase is essential for growth of Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology, 179, 3058–3060. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9139929
- Søballe, B. , Poole, K. R. (1999). Microbial ubiquinones: multiple roles in respiration, gene regulation and oxidative stress management. (Review) Microbiology, 145, 1817-1830. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10463148
- Schmidt, M (2010). Xenobiology: A new form of life as the ultimate biosafety tool Bioessays, 32, 322-331. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2909387/
- Malyshev, D.A., Dhami, K., Lavergne, T. et al. (2014). A semi-synthetic organism with an expanded genetic alphabet Nature, 509, 385-388. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v509/n7500/full/nature13314.html
