"
Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Project/rMFC/Mediators
From 2014.igem.org
(Difference between revisions)
| Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
<div id="text"> | <div id="text"> | ||
<h6>Neutral Red</h6> | <h6>Neutral Red</h6> | ||
| - | <p> Neutral red (3-Amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride) is a phenazine-based dye which | + | <p> Neutral red (3-Amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride) is a phenazine-based dye which is closely related to flavins. Because of its suitable redox-potential it can function as an electron-shuttle from the electrode to the cells. To reduce neutral red two electrons are transfered from the electrode to it in one step.(<a href="#Azariah1998">Azariah, A. N. et al., 1998</a>) <br> |
The chemical structure is shown in figure 1. | The chemical structure is shown in figure 1. | ||
| Line 86: | Line 86: | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
There is also evidence that electrically reduced neutral red can bind to the cell membrane and chemically reduces NAD. Furthermore it is not tocxic to the cells | There is also evidence that electrically reduced neutral red can bind to the cell membrane and chemically reduces NAD. Furthermore it is not tocxic to the cells | ||
| - | and can replace H< | + | and can replace H<sub>2</sub> which is the natural electron shuttle for some bacteria species. (<a href="#Park1999">Park et al., 1999</a>) |
</div> | </div> | ||
| Line 117: | Line 117: | ||
<div id="text"> | <div id="text"> | ||
<h6>References</h6> | <h6>References</h6> | ||
| + | <ul> | ||
| + | <li id="Azariah1998"> | ||
| + | <div class="element" style="margin:10px 10px 10px 10px; padding:10px 10px 10px 10px"> | ||
| + | <div id="text"> | ||
| + | Azariah, A. N., Berchmans, S., Yegnaraman (1998) Electrochemical behaviour of neutral red. <a href="http://cecri.csircentral.net/1401/1/32-1998.pdf" target="_blank">Bulletin of Electrochemistry. </a> , 14 (10), pp. 309-314 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | </li> | ||
| + | </ul> | ||
| + | |||
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li id="Park1999"> | <li id="Park1999"> | ||
Revision as of 00:50, 16 October 2014
rMFC
Neutral Red
Neutral red (3-Amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride) is a phenazine-based dye which is closely related to flavins. Because of its suitable redox-potential it can function as an electron-shuttle from the electrode to the cells. To reduce neutral red two electrons are transfered from the electrode to it in one step.(Azariah, A. N. et al., 1998)
The chemical structure is shown in figure 1.
Figure 1: Chemical structure of the triphenylmethane dye neutral red.
Besides that it could be shown that reduced neutral red is also capable as the sole source of reducing power for growth and metabolism of H2 consuming bacteria cultures.(Park, D. H. & Zeikus, J. G. 2000)
There is also evidence that electrically reduced neutral red can bind to the cell membrane and chemically reduces NAD. Furthermore it is not tocxic to the cells and can replace H2 which is the natural electron shuttle for some bacteria species. (Park et al., 1999)
Bromphenol Blue
Bromphenolblue is a triarylmethane dye that is similar to neutral red and also capable to function as mediator.
Figure 2: Chemical structure of the triphenylmethane dye bromphenol blue.
Cytochromes
Cytochromes are proteins containing a heme group. They are primarly responsible for the electron transport in the respiratory chain.References
-
Azariah, A. N., Berchmans, S., Yegnaraman (1998) Electrochemical behaviour of neutral red. Bulletin of Electrochemistry. , 14 (10), pp. 309-314
-
Park, D. H.,Laivenieks, M., Guettler, M. V., Jain, M. K. & Zeikus, J. G. (1999) Microbial utilization of electrically reduced neutral red as the sole electron donor for growth and metabolic production. In: Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 65 (7), pp. 2912 - 2917.
-
Park, D. H. & Zeikus, J. G. (2000) Electricity generation in microbial fuel cells using neutral red as an electronophore. In: Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 66 (4), pp. 1292 - 1297.
