Team:Imperial/Project

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                         <h2>Introduction</h2>
                         <h2>Introduction</h2>
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                         <p>This summer we looked into the potential of bacterial cellulose as a modularly functionalisable biomaterial. In our project we optimise the production of bacterial cellulose by engineering <em>xGluconacetobacter xylinus</em> and transferring the system into <em>E. coli</em>. We also functionalise our cellulose in order to expand its mechanical, chemical and biological properties into new areas of use.
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                         <p>This summer we investigated the exciting biomaterial bacterial cellulose. In our project we optimise the production of bacterial cellulose by engineering <em>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</em> and transferring the system into <em>E. coli</em>. We also explore processing of our synthetic biology material, producing and testing water filters. To improve our material's performance for this application we functionalise our cellulose with binding proteins to trap specific contaminants.
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                         <h2>Background</h2>
                         <h2>Background</h2>
                         <p>Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found in nature. Due to its versatility and ubiquity we find cellulose has applications in areas from medicine to textiles.Much of the cellulose we use is impure as it is derived from plants. Bacteria offer an alternative means of production that produces a cellulose that is purer and requires less processing.</p>
                         <p>Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found in nature. Due to its versatility and ubiquity we find cellulose has applications in areas from medicine to textiles.Much of the cellulose we use is impure as it is derived from plants. Bacteria offer an alternative means of production that produces a cellulose that is purer and requires less processing.</p>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Project_Background">read more...</a>
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                         <h2><em>G. xylinus</em></h2>
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                        <p>Cellulose is naturally produced by bacteria of several genera as an extracellular matrix. This functions as a protective mechanism, shielding the bacteria from the environment. The gram-negative <em>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</em> (formerly <em>Acetobacter xylinum</em>) is a high-yielding producer of bacterial cellulose and so served as a suitable base for further optimisation.</p>
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                        <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Gluconacetobacter">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>Gluconacetobacter</h2>  
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                         <h2><em>E. coli</em></h2>  
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                         <p>Cellulose is naturally produced by bacteria of several genera as an extracellular matrix. This functions as a protective mechanism, shielding the bacteria from the environment. The gram-negative <em>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</em> (formerly <em>Acetobacter xylinum</em>) is a high-yielding producer of bacterial cellulose and so served as a suitable base for further optimisation.</p>
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                         <p>While <em>Gluconacetobacter</em> is a high producer of bacterial cellulose, <em>E. coli</em> is currently a more robust host for synthetic biology. Transferring the bacterial cellulose operon into <em>E. coli</em> would ease further in-vivo modification of the cellulose by allowing well characterised parts to be used more directly and has the potential for higher productivity.  
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/EColi">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>E. coli</h2>  
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                         <h2>Co-culturing</h2>  
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                         <p>While <em>Gluconacetobacter</em> is a high producer of bacterial cellulose, E. coli is currently a more robust host for synthetic biology. Transferring the bacterial cellulose operon into <em>E. coli</em> would ease further in-vivo modification of the cellulose by allowing well characterised parts to be used more directly and has the potential for higher productivity.  
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                         <p>The idea of combining E. coli as an efficient cloning organism since it has the largest library of well characterised parts available and G. xylinus as a robust efficient cellulose producing host came about as a way to take advantage of the characteristics of each host.</p>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/coculture">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>Functionalisation</h2>  
                         <h2>Functionalisation</h2>  
                         <p>Pure bacterial cellulose is itself a useful biomaterial with material properties that facilitate applications from filtration to wound dressing. We modify the material, chemical and biological properties of our biomaterial through the addition of functional proteins. We investigated different methods of coupling these to the cellulose.</p>
                         <p>Pure bacterial cellulose is itself a useful biomaterial with material properties that facilitate applications from filtration to wound dressing. We modify the material, chemical and biological properties of our biomaterial through the addition of functional proteins. We investigated different methods of coupling these to the cellulose.</p>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Functionalisation">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>Water Filtration</h2>
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                        <p>Our mass produced and functionalised cellulose can be used for a range of exciting applications. The biological functionalisation allows our material to perform enzymatic actions on its environment. We targeted our functionalisation to the problem of water treatment and filtration.</p>
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                        <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Water_Filtration">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>Water Filtration</h2>  
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                         <h2>Mass Production and Processing</h2>  
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                         <p>Our mass produced and functionalised cellulose can be used for a range of exciting applications. The biological functionalisation allows our material to perform enzymatic actions on its environment. We targeted our functionalisation to the problem of water treatment and filtration.</p>
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                         <p>To produce a useable material from the wet pellicle we grew up cellulose in bulk in order to experiment with various methods of treating and processing it.This produced materials with a range of properties.</p>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Mass_Production_and_Processing">read more...</a>
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                         <h2>Processing</h2>  
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                         <h2>Tensile Testing</h2>  
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                         <p>To produce a useable material from the wet pellicle we experimented with various methods of treating and processing the cellulose. This produced materials with a range of properties.</p>
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                         <p> Having produced large quantities of bacterial cellulose, it is key to quantify the quality of our biomaterial. This determines the water flow rates that can be expected in a membrane bioreactor water filtration setup.</p>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="#">read more...</a>
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                         <div class="more-box more-box-bottom"><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Imperial/Mechanical_Testing">read more...</a>
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Latest revision as of 02:01, 18 October 2014

Imperial iGEM 2014

Project

Introduction

This summer we investigated the exciting biomaterial bacterial cellulose. In our project we optimise the production of bacterial cellulose by engineering Gluconacetobacter xylinus and transferring the system into E. coli. We also explore processing of our synthetic biology material, producing and testing water filters. To improve our material's performance for this application we functionalise our cellulose with binding proteins to trap specific contaminants.

Background

Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found in nature. Due to its versatility and ubiquity we find cellulose has applications in areas from medicine to textiles.Much of the cellulose we use is impure as it is derived from plants. Bacteria offer an alternative means of production that produces a cellulose that is purer and requires less processing.

G. xylinus

Cellulose is naturally produced by bacteria of several genera as an extracellular matrix. This functions as a protective mechanism, shielding the bacteria from the environment. The gram-negative Gluconacetobacter xylinus (formerly Acetobacter xylinum) is a high-yielding producer of bacterial cellulose and so served as a suitable base for further optimisation.

E. coli

While Gluconacetobacter is a high producer of bacterial cellulose, E. coli is currently a more robust host for synthetic biology. Transferring the bacterial cellulose operon into E. coli would ease further in-vivo modification of the cellulose by allowing well characterised parts to be used more directly and has the potential for higher productivity.

Co-culturing

The idea of combining E. coli as an efficient cloning organism since it has the largest library of well characterised parts available and G. xylinus as a robust efficient cellulose producing host came about as a way to take advantage of the characteristics of each host.

Functionalisation

Pure bacterial cellulose is itself a useful biomaterial with material properties that facilitate applications from filtration to wound dressing. We modify the material, chemical and biological properties of our biomaterial through the addition of functional proteins. We investigated different methods of coupling these to the cellulose.

Water Filtration

Our mass produced and functionalised cellulose can be used for a range of exciting applications. The biological functionalisation allows our material to perform enzymatic actions on its environment. We targeted our functionalisation to the problem of water treatment and filtration.

Mass Production and Processing

To produce a useable material from the wet pellicle we grew up cellulose in bulk in order to experiment with various methods of treating and processing it.This produced materials with a range of properties.

Tensile Testing

Having produced large quantities of bacterial cellulose, it is key to quantify the quality of our biomaterial. This determines the water flow rates that can be expected in a membrane bioreactor water filtration setup.