Team:Brasil-SP/TheIssue

     Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to affect 10–14% of adult populations and is associated with outcomes such as end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), acute kidney injury and cardiovascular disease (CVD), leading to morbidity and mortality (TALL, 2014; TONELLI and RIELLA, 2014). Noticeably, March 13, 2014 marked the celebration of the 9th World Kidney Day (WKD), sponsored by the International Society of Nephrology and the International Federation of Kidney Foundations, under the topic “CDK in older people”, highlighting the importance of kidney disease (TONELLI and RIELLA, 2014).

     A census conducted by the Brazilian Society of Nephrology, in 2012, shows that the number of patients on dialysis is approximately 97,500 per year (SESSO et al, 2014). This number generates a cost of 1.4 billion dollars annually to the Brazilian Federal Government, corresponding to 10% of public funds addressed to health in the country (SESSO et al, 2014). The earlier the diagnosis, the bigger the chances of success of kidney disease treatment. However, the commonly used methods that only diagnose renal dysfunction in late stages and the silent nature of some diseases, such as Chronic Kidney Disease, hampers an early diagnosis and the development of an appropriate treatment (SESSO et al, 2014; TONELLI and RIELLA, 2014).