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<h3 class="short_headline"><span>University College London, iGEM Team 2014 - Goodbye Azo Dye!</span></h3> | <h3 class="short_headline"><span>University College London, iGEM Team 2014 - Goodbye Azo Dye!</span></h3> | ||
| - | <p><a href="/Team:UCL/about">Azo dyes</a> are the main synthetic colourant used in a wide range of products, such as clothing, cosmetics, tattoo ink, and more. | + | <h4>The World Problem: </h4> |
| - | <p> | + | <p><a href="/Team:UCL/about">Azo dyes</a> are the main synthetic chemical colourant used in the industrial manufacture of a wide range of products, such as clothing, cosmetics, tattoo ink, food, and more. These compounds are generally considered to produce safe and stable forms of dyes, however, when they are metabolised in the guts of animals, their breakdown products may include mutagens and carcinogens. In some (textiles/dye) industries, leftover dye effluent is often not adequately disposed or removed during water treatment, which can result in the accumulation of <a href="/Team:UCL/risk">azo dyes in water bodies</a>. It is at this point that azo dyes can be ingested, broken down, and excreted as potentially toxic (mutagenic or carcinogenic) aromatic amine products. Removing azo dyes in a sustainable manner remains a major challenge, both for the developing world and industrialised nationals. |
| - | <p> | + | <h4>Our Synthetic Biology Solution: </h4> |
| + | <p>In response to this challenge, the project for the <a href="/Team:UCL/team_ug">UCL iGEM Team 2014</a> is to design, model, and construct an engineered Azo-Remediation Chassis (ARC) with <a href="/Team:UCL/biobricks">BioBrick Parts</a> that are: | ||
| + | <br>a) capable of sensing environmetal levels of azo compounds/dyes; | ||
| + | <br>b) efficent at degrading, and decolourising, these azo compounds; | ||
| + | <br>c) and able to utilise the azo dye breakdown products as substrates to build high-value fine chemicals. Welcome to project, "Goodbye Azo Dye"!</p> | ||
| + | <!-- <ol> | ||
| + | <li>capable of sensing environmetal levels of azo compounds/dyes; </li> | ||
| + | <li>efficent at degrading, and decolourising, these azo compounds; </li> | ||
| + | <li>and able to utilise the azo dye breakdown products as substrates to build high-value fine chemicals. | ||
| + | <br>Welcome to project, "Goodbye Azo Dye"!</li> | ||
| + | </ol></p> --> | ||
| + | <h4>The General Approach: </h4> | ||
| + | <p>To validate the above approach, we will first introduce genes encoding three sequentially-acting enzymes (azoreductase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase) into a host <em>E. coli</em> cell. These transformed <em>E. coli</em> cells will then be introduced to a mixture of azo dyes (emulating wastewater). | ||
| + | <br>Stage 1: Azoreductase will cleave the azo bond (N=N) by a double reduction, using NAD(P)H as a cofactor; a series of highly toxic aromatic amines will be produced. | ||
| + | <br>Stage 2: The breakdown products of Stage 1 will then be oxidised by laccase and/or lignin peroxidase, which will complete the azo dye degradation, as well as result in a decolourisation of the azo dye solution. </p> | ||
| + | <!-- <ol> | ||
| + | <li>Stage 1: Azoreductase will cleave the azo bond (N=N) by a double reduction, using NAD(P)H as a cofactor; a series of highly toxic aromatic amines will be produced. </li> | ||
| + | <li>Stage 2: The breakdown products of Stage 1 will then be oxidised by laccase and/or lignin peroxidase, which will complete the azo dye degradation, as well as result in a decolourisation of the azo dye solution. </li> | ||
| + | </ol></p> --> | ||
| + | <p>This sequential degradation process should result in a decreased toxicity level of the azo dye mixture, to the point that the final products of this process are less toxic than the intact dyes themselves. The complementary action of the azoreductase and laccase and/or lignin peroxidase will be studied, both experimentally and through modelling, in order to find the best possible sequential approach. </p> | ||
| + | <p>Finally, this core degradation module will be extrapolated to other areas, such as BioArt projects and work on algal-bacterial symbiosis, to try set up the foundations for synthetic ecology. </p> | ||
<!--http://bio-gem.tumblr.com/ Bioprocessing website--> | <!--http://bio-gem.tumblr.com/ Bioprocessing website--> | ||
Revision as of 17:00, 14 August 2014
University College London, iGEM Team 2014 - Goodbye Azo Dye!
The World Problem:
Azo dyes are the main synthetic chemical colourant used in the industrial manufacture of a wide range of products, such as clothing, cosmetics, tattoo ink, food, and more. These compounds are generally considered to produce safe and stable forms of dyes, however, when they are metabolised in the guts of animals, their breakdown products may include mutagens and carcinogens. In some (textiles/dye) industries, leftover dye effluent is often not adequately disposed or removed during water treatment, which can result in the accumulation of azo dyes in water bodies. It is at this point that azo dyes can be ingested, broken down, and excreted as potentially toxic (mutagenic or carcinogenic) aromatic amine products. Removing azo dyes in a sustainable manner remains a major challenge, both for the developing world and industrialised nationals.
Our Synthetic Biology Solution:
In response to this challenge, the project for the UCL iGEM Team 2014 is to design, model, and construct an engineered Azo-Remediation Chassis (ARC) with BioBrick Parts that are:
a) capable of sensing environmetal levels of azo compounds/dyes;
b) efficent at degrading, and decolourising, these azo compounds;
c) and able to utilise the azo dye breakdown products as substrates to build high-value fine chemicals. Welcome to project, "Goodbye Azo Dye"!
The General Approach:
To validate the above approach, we will first introduce genes encoding three sequentially-acting enzymes (azoreductase, laccase, and lignin peroxidase) into a host E. coli cell. These transformed E. coli cells will then be introduced to a mixture of azo dyes (emulating wastewater).
Stage 1: Azoreductase will cleave the azo bond (N=N) by a double reduction, using NAD(P)H as a cofactor; a series of highly toxic aromatic amines will be produced.
Stage 2: The breakdown products of Stage 1 will then be oxidised by laccase and/or lignin peroxidase, which will complete the azo dye degradation, as well as result in a decolourisation of the azo dye solution.
This sequential degradation process should result in a decreased toxicity level of the azo dye mixture, to the point that the final products of this process are less toxic than the intact dyes themselves. The complementary action of the azoreductase and laccase and/or lignin peroxidase will be studied, both experimentally and through modelling, in order to find the best possible sequential approach.
Finally, this core degradation module will be extrapolated to other areas, such as BioArt projects and work on algal-bacterial symbiosis, to try set up the foundations for synthetic ecology.
About our project
Find out more about the issues of azo dyes, and how we are using synthetic biology to try solve this problem.
Meet the team
Get to know us! Come find out our diverse and colourful backgrounds, and how we are all going to make this iGEM team brilliant.
Latest updates
New to Synthetic Biology?
Find out more about the exciting new field of synthetic biology!
The Basics to Microfluidics
We'll also be applying the multidisciplinary field of microfluidics to our project. Find out more here!
BioBrick Parts
See what BioBrick parts we'll be creating and characterising to carry out our project.
Our sponsors
