Team:Macquarie Australia/Outreach/SYTYCS

From 2014.igem.org

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<h4> Project Overview </h4>
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<h4>Overview</h4>
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<p>The 'So You Think You Can Synthesize' project has been the flagship of the Macquarie University iGEM efforts, and intends to to bring synthetic biology to the general public. It provides a forum by which any person with a computer and a question can bring them before a scientist and receive an answer. By sparking conversations on terms with the public, Team Macquarie has reached out in simple language to explain scientific concepts, explain the future of synthetic biology and talk about ethical issues. This pilot project has been highly successful; exploding across the internet, reaching across the world to talk to people across a range of ages and demographics, igniting conversations about synthetic biology and its role in the 21<sup>st</sup> century. </p>
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<p>The Macquarie University iGEM team 2014 is proud to present the WORLD’S FIRST Synthetic Biology themed reality contest titled So You Think You Can Synthesize. The So You Think You Can Synthesize project (see it here on www.sytycs.org) has been the flagship of our iGEM policy and practice initiatives. The online reality TV style contest features 6 contestants or “Synthesizers” – Amit, Alice, Leah, Nadia, Sunny and William – all members of the Macquarie University iGEM team. It provides a forum for anyone with a computer to reach out and ask questions regarding Synthetic Biology- its applications, concerns, potentials and pitfalls. The users were then able to vote for their favourite Synthesizers based on how they felt their questions were answered. Videos from eliminated contestants, trailers featuring catchy music and video responses to outstanding questions were added routinely for added drama - which tends to appeal to the general public and is a feature of most contemporary reality TV shows.</p>
 +
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<p>Whilst this was originally intended to be a pilot project, our entire team was equal parts dumbfounded and proud with the phenomenal success our humble project achieved. The website for the contest had about 11,000 views as of 16th October, 2014. Whilst the first “season” of the contest is officially over, and the people had a chance to vote for their favourite “Synthesizer”, the website continues to attract visitors from all over the world! In future years, we hope to see this reality TV style online contest feature international contestants, and as one user remarked – </p>
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<p style="text-align: center;">“I can see this becoming the Eurovision of the Synthetic Biology World!”</p>
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<h4> Project Introduction </h4>
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<h4 id="inspiration">The Inspiration!</h4>
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<p>Mass media in the 21st century encompasses television to social media, and is largely responsible for the opinions and knowledge of the public in regards to important community issues. Despite the extensive debate and discourse in journals regarding synthetic biology, these papers are not written at a level accessible to all audiences, leading to an ever-widening rift between academic thought on the ethics and potential of biotechnology and the public. Additionally, sensationalist media is responsible for misinformation and inaccuracies in representing the potential and consequences of the field. </p>
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<p>At the start of our project, we recognized that we needed to draw on past iGEM policy and practices to truly optimize our policy and practices initiatives. Having looked at several wikis over the month of August, we identified two main streams in which Human Practice work was undertaken – </p>
 +
<ul style="list-style-type: decimal;">
 +
<li>Work towards increasing public understanding of Science. Mostly via outreach activities. </li>
 +
<li>Work towards identify, analysing and hopefully minimizing the various concerns over Synthetic Biology on behalf of the “public”. </li>
 +
</ul>
 +
<p>We wanted to integrate both of these into our Policy and Practices initiatives, whilst simultaneously working towards providing a platform for self-directed inquiry regarding Synthetic Biology and uncover a forum that can form the basis for user driven innovation. Furthermore, we wanted to eliminate traditional gatekeepers of knowledge (notably the sensationalist media) from traditional science communication. </p>
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<p>We believe that social media and popular formats of communication provide the potential to close this knowledge gap between academic audiences and the general public. The Macquarie University team therefore decided that they would design a human practices project to address this knowledge gap, realizing that it would be necessary to take the knowledge to the public on their own terms, rather than:</p>
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<p>Then the BIG QUESTION was –</p>
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<p style="text-align: center">HOW DO WE GO ABOUT ACHIEVING ALL OF THIS?</p>
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<p>The answer came with <b>So You Think You Can Synthesize.</b> </p>
 +
2)Our Approach
 +
How does it work?
 +
The contest started with six hopefuls (called the Synthesizers) who would chat with people from all over the world on the competition website (www.sytycs.org) during our live chat sessions. The users can then ask the Synthesizers questions on various aspects of Synthetic Biology, whilst the Synthesizers replied. Users were also encouraged to provide their opinions on various aspects of our project and Synthetic Biology in general. Every week the contestant with the least votes was eliminated, and the eliminated contestant made a video detailing their experiences. Dialogues the hinted at scheming behaviour, or extreme emotions were added for extra drama!
 +
The response was outstanding! With 560 unique visitors in the first week alone, and an overwhelming amount of questions – we knew it had taken off! 
 +
Why does it work?
 +
We recognized that invoking the term “public” in iGEM policy and practice discourse meant referring to people who are not familiar with the scholarship regarding Synthetic Biology. In other words, the “non-experts”. Of course, the public is by no means a homogenous group. People have all kinds of differences – based on their occupation, gender, class, age, level of education and so on. This has a profound impact on their lived experience, which means based on their personal contexts, they will have different concerns, expectations and opinions regarding production, use and development of engineered micro-organisms. Thus, Synthetic biology and associated projects such as ours, will mean vastly different things to different people. This is where the Self-Directed Inquiry aspect of So You Think You Can Synthesize comes to play. With a platform like SYTYCS where individuals can direct how they question, critique and discuss both our project and the discipline on their own, the knowledge individuals acquire becomes relevant to their personal context. Such embodied knowledge is likely to create a better appreciation and promote better public understanding of the SynBio discipline and associated research.
 +
Additionally, an honest and open dialogue between researchers and non-experts also contributes towards the removal of “Gatekeepers” of knowledge. Gatekeepers are usually journalists, editors and other media personnel. Whilst extensive scholarship on SynBio research, ethics and philosophy exists, it is written at a level that is not accessible to all audiences. This is where the gatekeepers come to play. In trying to cross the bridge between academic thought and public opinion, they are often likely to sensationalize, over-dramatize and over simplify knowledge. So You Think You Can removes this gatekeepers and offers scientific knowledge in a way that is fun, accessible and interactive.
 +
3)Our accomplishments
 +
Throughout the 5 weeks of So You Think You Can Synthesize, we got roughly 11,000 views on the website as of 16th November, 2014 and had users from 14 countries asking questions. To our knowledge, such large number of people have never been reached via an online platform created by an iGEM team. Furthermore, an online platform that is both interesting, education whilst facilitating self –directed inquiry has never been created. The novelty of the idea, combined with a contemporary media format is what motivated such large numbers of people from different parts of the world to engage with this site. The following infographic summarises some of the key analytics data from the website.
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<ul>
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4)Our Findings
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<li>Trying to communicate with the public with scientific terms, or motivate the general public as a whole to engage in scientific discourse.</li>
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Furthermore, a subjective analysis of our conversations on So You Think You Can Synthesize revealed that the main concerns regarding our project ran on 5 primary veins. Figure 2 summarises these main “issues” as identified via our conversations with roughly 700 users over the course of 5 weeks. We wanted the rest of our policy and practices to be informed by the concerns and expectations. A lot of users wanted to know how has Australian Law changed with advances in genomic research. To evaluate how Australian law has changed with such recent advances, refer to the section titled (legal section hyperlink). Similarly, all the other areas of interest were dealt with in various sections of our Policy and Practices initiatives.  
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<li>Utilizing traditional media forms to communicate with the public: minimal time is allocated to science, and the broad range of emerging areas means the public is updated rarely regarding the progress of smaller areas such as synthetic biology.</li>
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<li>As past iGEM teams have suggested, trying to bridge the gap between common English and scientific discourse may involve creating an intermediary language. The Macquarie team noted that if the public is unwilling to adopt a specific jargon, they are equally going to be unwilling and unlikely to adopt a new jargon. Creating a 3rd set of language and terms to stand alongside scientific and public terms is likely to be ignored at best, and confusing at worst.</li>
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Figure 2: Summary of main issues via analysis of conversations with users on So You Think You Can Synthesize.
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</ul>
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The following examples demonstrate some of the most insightful questions we had on So You Think You Can Synthesize over the course of five weeks. The text has been slightly modified to eliminate spelling errors where required:
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<p>In light of these factors, it is clear that the scientific community must communicate to the public on their terms. Neither scientific language nor a contrived intermediary will do the task. The public is an important stakeholder, and therefore there is a clear requirement that they should remain informed regarding areas of synthetic biology. The only remaining option, therefore, is to direct discourse to the public on their terms, in a form that is easy to understand and accessible.</p>
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5)Photophyll and So You Think You Can Synthesize – How does it relate to the technical aspects of our project?
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                        <p>The Macquarie University team therefore settled on an online reality show, revolving around a scientific Question and Answer format, to <b> effectively communicate issues that relate to synthetic biology to the public.</b> 'So You Think You Can Synthesize' is our pilot program, run over several weeks, to this end. <b> 'So You Think You Can Synthesize' is appropriate because:</b></p>
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Firstly, So You Think You Can Synthesize provided an excellent platform for communicating our research to a large number of people. This allowed us to easily survey public opinion, concerns and expectations regarding our project. In fact one of the most frequent questions we got out of So You Think You Can Synthesize was –
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<ul>
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“So, what are you guys working on?”
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<li>The public can be equipped with up-to-date and accurate information regarding synthetic biology, addressing the failures of the media & scientists. It avoids the complex language of academic and philosophical journals, communicating the technical and ethical issues simply and effectively.</li>
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This discourse generated two important issues –
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<li>A conversation started on the public's terms is more comprehensible to ordinary people, and speaks directly to them and their concerns. By allowing the public to express and drive the conversation, the issues of primary interest to the public can be identified or allayed.</li>
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1. Queries regarding the economic viability of our research, and how we intend on taking this research from the laboratory to the industry.  
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<li>Direct and open communication with academics serves a watchdog function, ensuring proper public oversight of areas of ethical concern, and encouraging scientific personnel also to consider the ethical and social consequences of synthetic biology.</li>
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2. In the spirit of promoting user driven innovation, we used the insights and ideas gained from our conversations to drive the rest of P &P initiatives. This included increasing visibility of our research by showcasing it at Sydney’s (Powerhouse Museum), assessing the economic viability of our project by means of an articulate (Business plan) and conducting a review of relevant (Australian law in regards to Synthetic Biology).  
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<li>Our vision for regional forums prompts discussion of a broad range of cultural perspectives on issues of synthetic biology, and allows for those culturally versed in social and ethical issues of their region to address those concerns, in a manner not engaged in by Western, often secular, literature.</li>
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</ul>
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</p>
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<h4> Results </h4>
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<p></p>
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Revision as of 16:27, 17 October 2014

Policy & Practice




Overview

The Macquarie University iGEM team 2014 is proud to present the WORLD’S FIRST Synthetic Biology themed reality contest titled So You Think You Can Synthesize. The So You Think You Can Synthesize project (see it here on www.sytycs.org) has been the flagship of our iGEM policy and practice initiatives. The online reality TV style contest features 6 contestants or “Synthesizers” – Amit, Alice, Leah, Nadia, Sunny and William – all members of the Macquarie University iGEM team. It provides a forum for anyone with a computer to reach out and ask questions regarding Synthetic Biology- its applications, concerns, potentials and pitfalls. The users were then able to vote for their favourite Synthesizers based on how they felt their questions were answered. Videos from eliminated contestants, trailers featuring catchy music and video responses to outstanding questions were added routinely for added drama - which tends to appeal to the general public and is a feature of most contemporary reality TV shows.

Whilst this was originally intended to be a pilot project, our entire team was equal parts dumbfounded and proud with the phenomenal success our humble project achieved. The website for the contest had about 11,000 views as of 16th October, 2014. Whilst the first “season” of the contest is officially over, and the people had a chance to vote for their favourite “Synthesizer”, the website continues to attract visitors from all over the world! In future years, we hope to see this reality TV style online contest feature international contestants, and as one user remarked –

“I can see this becoming the Eurovision of the Synthetic Biology World!”

The Inspiration!

At the start of our project, we recognized that we needed to draw on past iGEM policy and practices to truly optimize our policy and practices initiatives. Having looked at several wikis over the month of August, we identified two main streams in which Human Practice work was undertaken –

  • Work towards increasing public understanding of Science. Mostly via outreach activities.
  • Work towards identify, analysing and hopefully minimizing the various concerns over Synthetic Biology on behalf of the “public”.

We wanted to integrate both of these into our Policy and Practices initiatives, whilst simultaneously working towards providing a platform for self-directed inquiry regarding Synthetic Biology and uncover a forum that can form the basis for user driven innovation. Furthermore, we wanted to eliminate traditional gatekeepers of knowledge (notably the sensationalist media) from traditional science communication.

Then the BIG QUESTION was –

HOW DO WE GO ABOUT ACHIEVING ALL OF THIS?

The answer came with So You Think You Can Synthesize.

2)Our Approach How does it work? The contest started with six hopefuls (called the Synthesizers) who would chat with people from all over the world on the competition website (www.sytycs.org) during our live chat sessions. The users can then ask the Synthesizers questions on various aspects of Synthetic Biology, whilst the Synthesizers replied. Users were also encouraged to provide their opinions on various aspects of our project and Synthetic Biology in general. Every week the contestant with the least votes was eliminated, and the eliminated contestant made a video detailing their experiences. Dialogues the hinted at scheming behaviour, or extreme emotions were added for extra drama! The response was outstanding! With 560 unique visitors in the first week alone, and an overwhelming amount of questions – we knew it had taken off! Why does it work? We recognized that invoking the term “public” in iGEM policy and practice discourse meant referring to people who are not familiar with the scholarship regarding Synthetic Biology. In other words, the “non-experts”. Of course, the public is by no means a homogenous group. People have all kinds of differences – based on their occupation, gender, class, age, level of education and so on. This has a profound impact on their lived experience, which means based on their personal contexts, they will have different concerns, expectations and opinions regarding production, use and development of engineered micro-organisms. Thus, Synthetic biology and associated projects such as ours, will mean vastly different things to different people. This is where the Self-Directed Inquiry aspect of So You Think You Can Synthesize comes to play. With a platform like SYTYCS where individuals can direct how they question, critique and discuss both our project and the discipline on their own, the knowledge individuals acquire becomes relevant to their personal context. Such embodied knowledge is likely to create a better appreciation and promote better public understanding of the SynBio discipline and associated research. Additionally, an honest and open dialogue between researchers and non-experts also contributes towards the removal of “Gatekeepers” of knowledge. Gatekeepers are usually journalists, editors and other media personnel. Whilst extensive scholarship on SynBio research, ethics and philosophy exists, it is written at a level that is not accessible to all audiences. This is where the gatekeepers come to play. In trying to cross the bridge between academic thought and public opinion, they are often likely to sensationalize, over-dramatize and over simplify knowledge. So You Think You Can removes this gatekeepers and offers scientific knowledge in a way that is fun, accessible and interactive. 3)Our accomplishments Throughout the 5 weeks of So You Think You Can Synthesize, we got roughly 11,000 views on the website as of 16th November, 2014 and had users from 14 countries asking questions. To our knowledge, such large number of people have never been reached via an online platform created by an iGEM team. Furthermore, an online platform that is both interesting, education whilst facilitating self –directed inquiry has never been created. The novelty of the idea, combined with a contemporary media format is what motivated such large numbers of people from different parts of the world to engage with this site. The following infographic summarises some of the key analytics data from the website. 4)Our Findings Furthermore, a subjective analysis of our conversations on So You Think You Can Synthesize revealed that the main concerns regarding our project ran on 5 primary veins. Figure 2 summarises these main “issues” as identified via our conversations with roughly 700 users over the course of 5 weeks. We wanted the rest of our policy and practices to be informed by the concerns and expectations. A lot of users wanted to know how has Australian Law changed with advances in genomic research. To evaluate how Australian law has changed with such recent advances, refer to the section titled (legal section hyperlink). Similarly, all the other areas of interest were dealt with in various sections of our Policy and Practices initiatives. Figure 2: Summary of main issues via analysis of conversations with users on So You Think You Can Synthesize. The following examples demonstrate some of the most insightful questions we had on So You Think You Can Synthesize over the course of five weeks. The text has been slightly modified to eliminate spelling errors where required: 5)Photophyll and So You Think You Can Synthesize – How does it relate to the technical aspects of our project? Firstly, So You Think You Can Synthesize provided an excellent platform for communicating our research to a large number of people. This allowed us to easily survey public opinion, concerns and expectations regarding our project. In fact one of the most frequent questions we got out of So You Think You Can Synthesize was – “So, what are you guys working on?” This discourse generated two important issues – 1. Queries regarding the economic viability of our research, and how we intend on taking this research from the laboratory to the industry. 2. In the spirit of promoting user driven innovation, we used the insights and ideas gained from our conversations to drive the rest of P &P initiatives. This included increasing visibility of our research by showcasing it at Sydney’s (Powerhouse Museum), assessing the economic viability of our project by means of an articulate (Business plan) and conducting a review of relevant (Australian law in regards to Synthetic Biology).

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