Team:MIT/Project

From 2014.igem.org

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<tr><td><h3 align="center" style="font-size:45px"> Motivation </h3><br></td></tr>
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<p>
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Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that afflicts nearly
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In the last week of January 2014, 12 MIT undergraduate students trudged through the brutal Boston climate to their last iGEM training session. After being accepted to the MIT iGEM 2014 team, these brave few - mostly freshmen, with a few sophomores - eagerly returned to campus during the Independent Activities Period (IAP) during the coldest month of the year, to undergo laboratory and safety training, so as to prepare them for the competition ahead.
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30 million people worldwide. It is characterized by the aggregation of
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<br><br>
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beta-amyloid oligomers and plaques which cause neuron death and inhibit
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At the final meeting for IAP, when their advisors asked them to come up with a bold idea for an iGEM project, no one thought that the ambitious suggestion of “curing Alzheimer’s disease” would lead them on the research journey of a lifetime.
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the proper functioning of surviving neurons. There is no definitive
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<br><br>
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molecular detection or treatment mechanisms for the disease; this is
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But here we are, 9 months later, those 12 MIT undergraduate students - now plus 3 high school students! - who pursued our iGEM 2014 project “The Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease”.  
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what MIT iGEM 2014 seeks to address in our project, The Diagnosis and  
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<br><br>
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Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.<br />
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At first, our motivations were based in a broader sense of the severity of Alzheimer’s disease. We knew that it was a prominent problem and none of us knew of any proven treatment options. Our dedication became deepened when we took the time to read the hard statistics and testimonials of Alzheimer’s patients and their families.
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<br><br>
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We built two systems to detect Alzheimer's disease in the brain. The
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6th leading cause of death in the US. Affects nearly 30 million patients and caretakers worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease was turning out to be more serious that any of us had originally believed. Suddenly, we had a deeper connection to our project - if we could successfully “cure” this affliction, we could positively impact the lives of millions of people around the world.
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first is a detection system for beta-amyloid, in which extracellular
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<br><br>
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oligomers bind to a transmembrane receptor and result in the release
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And so we started where any good scientist would - with the work of others. We read numerous papers and publications, pranced about the internet, searching for information on how to tackle this disease, and hoping to improve our knowledge and understanding of the current state of the art.  
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of a transcription factor. For this detection system, we employed two
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<br><br>
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different beta-amyloid specific receptors: LilrB2, a protein receptor
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Then, armed with a more complete understanding of the current tactics and ideas to tackle Alzheimer’s disease, we sought the opinions of professionals in the field. We contacted several (scientists/doctors - [insert names and links to interview pages]) and asked them about the currents needs of researchers, doctors and patients who deal with Alzheimer’s disease. The insight we obtained led us to the decision to address the most prominent limitations in the fight against Alzheimer’s: the inability to properly diagnose and treat the disease.
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found naturally occuring in the human immune system; and a synthetic
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<br><br>
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B-cell receptor we designed based on an antibody that recognizes
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Throughout the course of this project, each of us has become closer to the cause - iGEM became more than just a competition and our project was more than just a task. Through iGEM, we were able to use the tools of synthetic biology to address a severe affliction, and to create a system that has the potential to be meaningful to both the scientific community and the general public as a whole. We were driven by a desire to successfully complete our project, and produce a fully characterized and functional system, for the sake of its implications for the future, and the lives of many.  
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beta-amyloid.<br />
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<br><br>
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Although the competition is over, we hope that our work can be used to advance the field of Alzheimer’s research. We hope that we might have made something that could impact the lives of Alzheimer’s sufferers and their families sometime in the future. It was this hope that kept us motivated throughout our research journey, and it is this hope that we wish to share with you and many others, that one day, we may all see a world free of the pain of Alzheimer’s disease.
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The second system detects the disease using a different biomarker: an
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<br>
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intracellular microRNA profile, specific to neurons affected by
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Alzheimer's. Cells express different miRNAs according to their cell
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type and disease state. It is known that several miRNAs are up- or down-
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regulated in “Alzheimer’s state” neurons compared to healthy ones. Using
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this knowledge, we have built 2 sensors: a "low" sensor to detect miRNAs
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that are down-regulated compared to healthy neurons, and a "high"
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sensor to detect miRNAs which are up-regulated. These sensors can then
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be combined to sense the specific combination of miRNAs that indicate a
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neuron in the Alzheimer's state.<br />
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Finally, we designed a treatment module that could be activated by one
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</p>
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of the detection modules to actually treat Alzheimer's disease.  In
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</tr></td>
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order to treat the disease, we aim to reduce the number of beta-amyloid
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oligomers and plaques in the brain. We do this by expressing a
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beta-amyloid-degrading enzyme – BACE2 – and down-regulating an
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endogenous enzyme that is crucial for beta-amyloid formation – BACE1.
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This module can be coupled to any of our diagnostic modules to form an
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integrated circuit to diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease.</p>
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Revision as of 11:41, 17 October 2014

 


Image Map


Motivation


In the last week of January 2014, 12 MIT undergraduate students trudged through the brutal Boston climate to their last iGEM training session. After being accepted to the MIT iGEM 2014 team, these brave few - mostly freshmen, with a few sophomores - eagerly returned to campus during the Independent Activities Period (IAP) during the coldest month of the year, to undergo laboratory and safety training, so as to prepare them for the competition ahead.

At the final meeting for IAP, when their advisors asked them to come up with a bold idea for an iGEM project, no one thought that the ambitious suggestion of “curing Alzheimer’s disease” would lead them on the research journey of a lifetime.

But here we are, 9 months later, those 12 MIT undergraduate students - now plus 3 high school students! - who pursued our iGEM 2014 project “The Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer’s disease”.

At first, our motivations were based in a broader sense of the severity of Alzheimer’s disease. We knew that it was a prominent problem and none of us knew of any proven treatment options. Our dedication became deepened when we took the time to read the hard statistics and testimonials of Alzheimer’s patients and their families.

6th leading cause of death in the US. Affects nearly 30 million patients and caretakers worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease was turning out to be more serious that any of us had originally believed. Suddenly, we had a deeper connection to our project - if we could successfully “cure” this affliction, we could positively impact the lives of millions of people around the world.

And so we started where any good scientist would - with the work of others. We read numerous papers and publications, pranced about the internet, searching for information on how to tackle this disease, and hoping to improve our knowledge and understanding of the current state of the art.

Then, armed with a more complete understanding of the current tactics and ideas to tackle Alzheimer’s disease, we sought the opinions of professionals in the field. We contacted several (scientists/doctors - [insert names and links to interview pages]) and asked them about the currents needs of researchers, doctors and patients who deal with Alzheimer’s disease. The insight we obtained led us to the decision to address the most prominent limitations in the fight against Alzheimer’s: the inability to properly diagnose and treat the disease.

Throughout the course of this project, each of us has become closer to the cause - iGEM became more than just a competition and our project was more than just a task. Through iGEM, we were able to use the tools of synthetic biology to address a severe affliction, and to create a system that has the potential to be meaningful to both the scientific community and the general public as a whole. We were driven by a desire to successfully complete our project, and produce a fully characterized and functional system, for the sake of its implications for the future, and the lives of many.

Although the competition is over, we hope that our work can be used to advance the field of Alzheimer’s research. We hope that we might have made something that could impact the lives of Alzheimer’s sufferers and their families sometime in the future. It was this hope that kept us motivated throughout our research journey, and it is this hope that we wish to share with you and many others, that one day, we may all see a world free of the pain of Alzheimer’s disease.