Team:Oxford/P&P public engagement
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+ | <h1>Use of Bacteria (such as E. coli and P. pseudomonas) </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show2" class="show" id="show2"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Use of Bacteria (such as E. coli and P. pseudomonas)</h1> | ||
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The notion of 'bacteria' generally, and particularly the strains our team plans to use, have strong medical associations and are believed by many to be hazardous to health. E coli is widely understood to cause diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, whilst pseudomonas is best known for causing infections including pneumonia and swimmer's ear. | The notion of 'bacteria' generally, and particularly the strains our team plans to use, have strong medical associations and are believed by many to be hazardous to health. E coli is widely understood to cause diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, whilst pseudomonas is best known for causing infections including pneumonia and swimmer's ear. | ||
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+ | <a href="#hide3" class="hide" id="hide3"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Uncontrolled Release of modified organisms into the environment </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show3" class="show" id="show3"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Uncontrolled Release of modified organisms into the environment </h1> | ||
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People have concerns that these will have unpredictable effects on ecosystems and that once taken these actions are difficult if not impossible to reverse. For example, synthetic organisms may outcompete their ‘natural’ counterparts and permanently damage biodiversity. | People have concerns that these will have unpredictable effects on ecosystems and that once taken these actions are difficult if not impossible to reverse. For example, synthetic organisms may outcompete their ‘natural’ counterparts and permanently damage biodiversity. | ||
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+ | <h1>Spread of Antibiotic Resistance from synthetic to natural bacteria </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show4" class="show" id="show4"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Spread of Antibiotic Resistance from synthetic to natural bacteria </h1> | ||
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Based on vague knowledge that bacteria used in research are generally given characteristics of anti-biotic resistance and that these can spread between organisms. | Based on vague knowledge that bacteria used in research are generally given characteristics of anti-biotic resistance and that these can spread between organisms. | ||
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+ | <a href="#hide5" class="hide" id="hide5"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Bioterrorism </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show5" class="show" id="show5"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Bioterrorism </h1> | ||
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The public are fearful of the ability of synthetic biology to produce known/modified/new organisms designed to be harmful to humans (as demonstrated, for example, by the synthesis of viruses such as the polio virus and the pandemic Spanish Flu virus and nurtured by Hollywood dramas such as 'Outbreak'). | The public are fearful of the ability of synthetic biology to produce known/modified/new organisms designed to be harmful to humans (as demonstrated, for example, by the synthesis of viruses such as the polio virus and the pandemic Spanish Flu virus and nurtured by Hollywood dramas such as 'Outbreak'). | ||
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+ | <a href="#hide6" class="hide" id="hide6"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Creation of 'Artificial Life' </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show6" class="show" id="show6"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Creation of 'Artificial Life' </h1> | ||
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Some of the group expressed fears about scientists 'playing God', explaining their philosophical and religious concerns about the process of creation and the nature of 'living' beings. There was significant confusion as to how exactly 'life' should be defined, where it begins and ends, and what the requisite level of complexity is. Some people vaguely expressed fears that synthetic biology will 'blur' the line between the 'artificial and natural worlds', although did not elaborate on what was meant by this nor why this would be such a negative development. | Some of the group expressed fears about scientists 'playing God', explaining their philosophical and religious concerns about the process of creation and the nature of 'living' beings. There was significant confusion as to how exactly 'life' should be defined, where it begins and ends, and what the requisite level of complexity is. Some people vaguely expressed fears that synthetic biology will 'blur' the line between the 'artificial and natural worlds', although did not elaborate on what was meant by this nor why this would be such a negative development. | ||
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+ | <h1>Creation of Monopolies </h1> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show7" class="show" id="show7"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Creation of Monopolies </h1> | ||
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There is some concern that patenting could lead to creation of commercial monopolies and inhibit research. [e.g. BRCA 1 Gene monopoly causing increase in price of testing which could potentially save lives). | There is some concern that patenting could lead to creation of commercial monopolies and inhibit research. [e.g. BRCA 1 Gene monopoly causing increase in price of testing which could potentially save lives). | ||
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+ | <h1>Global Justice </h1> | ||
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+ | <h1>Global Justice </h1> | ||
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Some of the group expressed worries about the fact that much of the development of synthetic biology and resulting intellectual property is likely to take place in and by extension principally benefit rich, developed nations. Particular examples of this concern which were raised included the possibility of farmers in poor countries becoming dependent on modified crop seeds controlled by large corporations which could extract whatever price they wished for the product, and the possibility of cheap alternatives for manufacture of chemicals such as antimalarial medicine (artemisinin) ensuring that local prodiction of natural equivalent products would no longer be sustained. Generally, this fear is expressed as a concern that technologies which are socially accepted on the premise that they will improve quality of life in less developed countries (golden rice and GM mosquitoes being cited as examples of such projects) may in actual fact benefit only rich Western companies and have no or even a detrimental impact on the lives of those the project was intended to help. | Some of the group expressed worries about the fact that much of the development of synthetic biology and resulting intellectual property is likely to take place in and by extension principally benefit rich, developed nations. Particular examples of this concern which were raised included the possibility of farmers in poor countries becoming dependent on modified crop seeds controlled by large corporations which could extract whatever price they wished for the product, and the possibility of cheap alternatives for manufacture of chemicals such as antimalarial medicine (artemisinin) ensuring that local prodiction of natural equivalent products would no longer be sustained. Generally, this fear is expressed as a concern that technologies which are socially accepted on the premise that they will improve quality of life in less developed countries (golden rice and GM mosquitoes being cited as examples of such projects) may in actual fact benefit only rich Western companies and have no or even a detrimental impact on the lives of those the project was intended to help. | ||
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+ | <h1>Lack of Regulation </h1> | ||
+ | </div></a> | ||
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+ | <a href="#show9" class="show" id="show9"><div class="blue_news_block"> | ||
+ | <h1>Lack of Regulation </h1> | ||
+ | </div></a> | ||
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There is great concern that the development of fast-growing fields such as synthetic biology is 'overtaking' the regulation which is in place to regulate its application and to balance the risks and potential benefits. The possibility of biological warfare programmes is a major worry. A further concern is the possibility of 'garbage biology' (DIY home synthetic biology) may become a more popular, widespread hobby in the future - increased accessibility would make regulations which are in place far more difficult to enforce. | There is great concern that the development of fast-growing fields such as synthetic biology is 'overtaking' the regulation which is in place to regulate its application and to balance the risks and potential benefits. The possibility of biological warfare programmes is a major worry. A further concern is the possibility of 'garbage biology' (DIY home synthetic biology) may become a more popular, widespread hobby in the future - increased accessibility would make regulations which are in place far more difficult to enforce. | ||
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Revision as of 20:06, 20 September 2014
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