Team:Tuebingen

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<h1>Tuebingen Erythrocyte Converter to O</h1>
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<h4>Welcome to the Wiki of Team Tuebingen!</h4>
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<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e1/Tue2014_TECO_Abstract.jpg">
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Erythrocytes (big red balls) have blood group antigens (colourful hexagons) on the surface of their membranes. These antigens consist of glycosilated proteins whereby there are different glycosilations for each blood group. The T-ECO system consists of three bacterial enzymes (blue Pac-Mans) that are able to cut off certain parts of the blood group glycosilations in order to create a blood group O antigen. The enzymes are covalently fused to a matrix (big yellow balls) via SNAP-Tag, SpyTag or inteins in order to prevent a mixing of blood and bacterial proteins.
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</p>
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<a href="#" id="sTop" class="subNavBtn">Home</a>
 
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<a href="#" id="s1" class="subNavBtn">Background</a>
 
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<a href="#" id="s2" class="subNavBtn">Our Project</a>
 
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<a href="#" id="s3" class="subNavBtn">Team</a>
 
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<a href="#" id="s4" class="subNavBtn">Contact</a>
 
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                                <a href="#" id="s5" class="subNavBtn">Sponsors</a>              
 
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                        </div>
 
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<p>This year, our project - Tuebingen Erythrocyte Converter to O (T-ECO) - was all about blood and blood transfusions. You might not have known but donor blood is a really rare resource - not only in hospitals in countries with weak medical infrastructure or in crisis regions after natural disasters but also in ordinary Central European hospitals. Due to the fact that humans have at least four different blood groups and two different Rhesus factors - all antigens on erythrocytes - you cannot simply transfuse any blood you want to any random patient. Thus, hospitals do need to always keep an eye on their stocks lest they they are hit by shortages.</p>
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<p>Therefore, we decided to create a practical and easy to use system for the enzymatic conversion of blood types - from blood types A, B and AB to O. Blood type O consists of erythrocytes that do not show any blood type antigens thus can be transfered to any patient and is usually used as emergency donor blood for exactly this reason.</p>
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<p>Have a look around our wiki and find out more about our <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Tuebingen/Project/Overview">project</a>, the <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Tuebingen/Results/BioBricks">BioBricks</a> we have created, and how we have engaged the general public over the course of this summer!</p>
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                                <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Main_Page"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6c/Tue2014_IGEM_basic_Logo_white_stylized_small.png" style="width:120px; top: 0px; right: 10px; position: absolute;"></a>
 
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<h3>Sponsors</h3>
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<p>We want to warmly thank the following sponsors of our iGEM2014 project (in no particular order): </p>
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                                <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ac/Tue2014_TeamLogo_Tropfen%25Schere_T-ECO_3.png" style="width:800px; left: 70px; top: 100px; position: absolute;">
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<table>
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    <td><a href="http://www.purimex.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7c/Tue2014_Purimex.png"></a>
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</td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.genscript.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e0/Tue2014_GenScript_Logo.png"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.serva.de/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/22/Tue2014_SERVA_logo.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.immatics.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3c/Tue2014_Immatics_logo.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.biozym.com"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/74/Tue2014_Biozym.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a id="squareLogo" href="http://www.carlroth.com"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9f/Tue2014_CarlRoth.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.snapgene.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9e/Tue2014_Sponsors_SnapGene.png"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.eurofins.de"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/8f/Tue2014_Eurofins_logo.png"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.thermoscientific.com"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a0/Tue2014_ThermoScientific.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="https://www.neb.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/73/Tue2014_NEB.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.greinerbioone.com/en/start/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/27/Logo_greiner.JPG"></a></td>
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<div class="section s1">
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    <td><a href="http://www.elicityl-oligotech.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/77/Logo_elicityl.jpg"></a></td>
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    <h3>Background Information</h3>
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      <p>The advent of modern medicine has also created a growing need for blood transfusions. Many modern treatments for various diseases are only possible due to advanced transfusion medicine. Especially emergency medicine is heavily dependent on a constant supply of donor blood in order to save lives. </p>
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      <p>There are many aspects of blood that need to be considered before a patient can receive a transfusion since erythrocytes (red blood cells) show various antigens on their surface that could be recognized by the receiver’s immune system and thereby cause complications. The ABO antigens are the most widely known antigens of erythrocytes and together with the Rhesus factor are the most relevant antigens for transfusions. When only considering the ABO system and Rhesus factor there are the blood types A, B, AB and O, either with or without the Rhesus factor antigen (Rhesus factor positive or negative). Generally, an individual always has antibodies against antigens that are not expressed on the surface of the own erythrocytes.</p>
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      <p>The ABO antigens consist of glycosilated proteins on the erythrocyte’s surface. Individuals with blood types A or B both have a distinct glycosilation that serves as an antigen. Individuals with blood type AB have a mix of proteins: some are glycosilated analogous to blood type A and some are glycosilated analogous to blood type B. The blood type O antigen (“H antigen”) is a primitive glycosilation that serves as a basis for the glycosilations that then form type A or B. It is important to note here that there are no antibodies against the H antigen and the anti-A and anti-B antibodies do not interact with this very basic glycosilation. Thus, it is possible to transfer type O to individuals with any other blood group – type O is the universal donor.</p>
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      <p>Often, the blood type of patients needing emergency transfusions is unknown and tests would take too long or are not possible in the given situation. Thus, patients of unknown blood type receive the universal donor blood type O. This, however, creates a huge demand for blood of type O and clinics usually have to plan ahead carefully in order to always keep a sufficient stock of type O blood. Especially in crisis regions the stockpiling of type O blood is a difficult task.</p>
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  <tr>
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    <td><a id="squareLogo" href="http://www.qiagen.com/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ae/Logo_qiagen.JPG"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.gatc-biotech.com/en/home.html"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/71/Logo_gatc_new.jpg"></a></td>
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    <td><a href="http://www.tl-stiftung.de/"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d2/Tue2014_TL-Stiftung_Logo.jpg" style="width:230px;"></a></td>
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  </tr>
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    <h3>Our Project</h3>
 
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    <h3>Team</h3>
 
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        <p>iGEM Team Tuebingen</p>
 
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        <p>AG Jansen</p>
 
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        <p>Interfakultaeres Institut für Biochemie</p>
 
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        <p>Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4</p>
 
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        <p>72076 Tuebingen</p>
 
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        <p style="font-size: 12px"><a href="https://www.google.de/maps/place/IFIB+Interfaculty+Institute+of+Biochemistry,+University+of+T%C3%BCbingen/@48.5309039,9.0384477,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x0:0x8947a625867a39e">see in GoogleMaps</a></p>
 
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<p style="color: black; font-size: 12pt; float: right;">This site was created using <a href="http://outyear.co.uk/smint/" style="color: #A51E37;">SMINT</a> by Robert McCracken!</p>
 
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Latest revision as of 03:52, 18 October 2014


Tuebingen Erythrocyte Converter to O

Welcome to the Wiki of Team Tuebingen!

Erythrocytes (big red balls) have blood group antigens (colourful hexagons) on the surface of their membranes. These antigens consist of glycosilated proteins whereby there are different glycosilations for each blood group. The T-ECO system consists of three bacterial enzymes (blue Pac-Mans) that are able to cut off certain parts of the blood group glycosilations in order to create a blood group O antigen. The enzymes are covalently fused to a matrix (big yellow balls) via SNAP-Tag, SpyTag or inteins in order to prevent a mixing of blood and bacterial proteins.

This year, our project - Tuebingen Erythrocyte Converter to O (T-ECO) - was all about blood and blood transfusions. You might not have known but donor blood is a really rare resource - not only in hospitals in countries with weak medical infrastructure or in crisis regions after natural disasters but also in ordinary Central European hospitals. Due to the fact that humans have at least four different blood groups and two different Rhesus factors - all antigens on erythrocytes - you cannot simply transfuse any blood you want to any random patient. Thus, hospitals do need to always keep an eye on their stocks lest they they are hit by shortages.

Therefore, we decided to create a practical and easy to use system for the enzymatic conversion of blood types - from blood types A, B and AB to O. Blood type O consists of erythrocytes that do not show any blood type antigens thus can be transfered to any patient and is usually used as emergency donor blood for exactly this reason.

Have a look around our wiki and find out more about our project, the BioBricks we have created, and how we have engaged the general public over the course of this summer!

Sponsors

We want to warmly thank the following sponsors of our iGEM2014 project (in no particular order):

Retrieved from "http://2014.igem.org/Team:Tuebingen"