Team:Virtus-Parva Mexico/Attributions

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                    <h1>Human Practices
 
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                        <p class="lead"><i>The Next Generation in Molecular Machinery</i>
 
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<font size=6 color=#8AAA3D> <center><h3>who granted us their support in this project, </font></h3><br>
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<font size=6 color=#8AAA3D> <center><h3>all of them in different fashion. It is not </font></h3><br>
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                                <h3>Project Overview</h3>
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                                Virtus-Parva is a team of Nanotechnology students who aim to create a better world through love,sympathy and endearment… and through the design and development of a novel technology based on micrometric “drills” to attack pathogen agents.  
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<h1>Our Advisors</h1>
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<h2>Dr. Jose Sanchez Salas: our main instructor, our biological instructor, who was always patient and taught us plenty in the span of a couple of months. We were daily in the microbiology lab, continuing with our experiment and consulting with him, in order to advance in our project on the correct path.</h2></td><td width="162px" bgColor="#8AAA3D"></td></tr>
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<br><h2>Dr. Miguel Angel Méndez Rojas: our instructor, supporter and main aid when it came to the inorganic portion of our project and kept our feet on the ground. Most of the time spent in this lab was towards the beginning of our project, for the synthesis of our magnetite. </h2></td><td width="162px" bgColor="#8AAA3D"></td></tr>
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<h2>Dr. Ruben Alejos Palomares: our instructor and biggest help when it came to modeling, without whom we would have been lost. Modelling was able to be completed thanks to the class Dr. Alejos taught, MEMS, and being widely available outside of classroom hours for consulting.</h2></td><td width="162px" bgColor="#8AAA3D"></td></tr></table>
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First and foremost, we studied different procedures in order to synthesize the strongest and smallest magnetite particles we could make. Magnetite is a molecule that derives from iron, and has observable magnetic properties. Because we wanted to put together magnetite and DNA, we had to make them compatible, task we accomplished by functionalizing it with amino groups, that would allow it to form peptide bonds with our protein, HU. At the same time, our biology team was busy extracting, purifying and transforming E. Coli DNA to work with. This protein, HU, is a histone-like protein normally aids DNA into supercoiling around histones; the “Magnetic-Protein” complex we created mimics the nucleosome in DNA supercoiling process. This allows us to have a DNA “chromatin” with a magnetic core.
 
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<center><font color="#FFFFFF">We would like to thank all of the people that have helped out with our Human Practices:
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Combining magnetite, DNA and HU protein, we are building magnetic-core machines, which can be controlled through external electrical impulses. Because of the shape of our system, it is possible for it to have linear movement depending on the frequency applied to it, which has the potential to be incorporated into the medical sector as a pathogen-targeted therapy. This was our original idea and module one of our project.
 
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Student Council Executive Power:
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As we were transforming our E. coli cells, we noticed it wasn’t as fast and efficient as we had hoped, which is how we came up with module two of the project. Quite simply, we wanted to take advantage of the shape of our system and its mobility thanks to magnetism in order to make a more efficient transformation. We were able to verify our method was more efficient by making cells express GFP and RFP, which can then be quantified with optic instruments.
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Francisco Calzada;Linda Zaragoza; Diana Moreno Cardenas; Carolina Acosta; Miguel Alpuche Manrique
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Student Council of Chemical Biological Sciences:
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Haydee Pacheco
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Axel Loredo
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Roy Miranda
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Nayeli Garcia Malo Lopez
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Jessica del Castillo</font></center>
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Instituto Vanguardia de Hermosillo Campus Colosio, especially to Magnolia Avilez for opening their doors to the dissemination of science and our project, helping us to reach high school students to get them interested in science </font></center></td><td  width="162px" bgColor="#355079"></td></tr>
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<center><a href="http://www.institutovanguardia.com.mx"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/43/Virtus_Parva_Logo_INSTITUTOVANGUARDIA.png" width="150" hight="150"/></img></a></center></td><td  width="162px" bgColor="#355079"></td></tr>
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<font color="#FFFFFF">Dr. Melina Gomez Bock, the reason we began the play Copenhague and our connection to the Theater students, allowing the ball to start rolling on the entire project.</hfont></td><td width="162px" bgColor="#355079"></td></tr>
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<p align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF">And especially we would like to thank the entire cast of the play Copenhague,:
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                    The basis for these “drills” will be NEMS, nano electro-mechanical systems, technology.<br> We took a survey to fellow iGEMers and external people in order to find out how many people knew about the existence of NEMS and if they knew how they worked. Turns out only 36% of survey takers had heard of the term before and of those, only 28% knew what it was!<br><br> Given these statistics, it became part of our project to teach newer generations about our subject.
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                                NEMS are nanometric electromechanical systems. In this case we take as basis the structure of a resonator which are engineered to make a conversión between energy, such as electric, magnetic, or vibrational into mechanical response.
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How exactly do NEMS come into play in our project?
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Well, by combining an inorganically synthesized nanoparticle, called magnetite and DNA into what we call BioNEMS drill.  
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Baruk Serna, Larissa Perez, Ulises Gutierrez, Lya Diaz, Adriana Serra, Roxana Garza, Aldo Sosa, Stefany Blanco, Itzel Hernandez, Dante Franco, Luis Coy, Armando Morín, Fernando Arteaga, Guillermo Castrezana, Benito Rivera, Roxana Herrán, Melissa Guiochin.</font></p>
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                                <h3>DNA Coiling into Chromosomes</h3>
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                                Contenido subtitulo 2
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                <h2 id="sec3">The Making</h2>
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                    Descripcion general de Seccion 3
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                                The first part of the synthesis of our magnetite was trying out different methods and characterizing them, to note which method had given us the smallest size nanoparticles. Our first method was synthesis by coprecipitation, of which we prepared nine samples with different concentrations of iron(II) chloride and ammonium hydroxide; from this method we consistently obtained nanoparticles rounding 0.9 to 1nm. Our following method was very similar, but included water in the synthesis: the size of our particles would vary greatly, from 3.89 micrometers to 171 nanometers in size.  
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<center><h3>   
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<p>It can sometimes be easy to overlook those people that helped us out in our project in areas different to lab work or our human practices. For all of those who helped us out, we would like to send out a very special thanks to:
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<br><img src=https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d7/Virtus_Parva_Foto_DecanoRector.jpg><br>
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The Dean of the School of Sciences, Andrés Ramos,
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<br><img src= https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/df/Virtus_Parva_Foto_DanielLozada.jpg><br>
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the Head of Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, Daniel Lozada
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and the Head of the Department of Investigation and Postgraduate Degrees, Polioptro Fortunato Martínez Austria,
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After choosing the best method possible, it was time to silanize our magnetite in order for it to be biocompatible with DNA and be able to tie them together. In order for the silanization to take place, we used a solution of TEOS (tetraethoxysilane) dispersed in a medium of water and propanol and dripped this mix slowly onto our magnetite. Just like when we synthesized our particles, we tested different concentrations of TEOS and magnetite, as well as different addition rates in order to observe which combination would give us the smallest possible nanoparticles.  
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for rooting for our project and aiding us in navigating the intricate inner system of our university.
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Our results were then characterized by DLS (dynamic light scattering), for which we observed a peak at 39 nm, once coated with TEOS, the peak was moved toward 60 and 80 nm. We also ran our two samples in the IR, comparing the spectra of the pure magnetite and silanized magnetite, we were able to distinguish a peak at 990.2 cm^-1 corresponding to a Si-O bond, confirming the correct silanization of the magnetite. 
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As well as to everyone that helped with Wiki and Design support:
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                            </div>
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<br>
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                        </div>
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Erika Ponce, Luis Alberto Rubalcava, Manuel Zapata, Rodolfo Hernandez y Hernandez, Luis Arturo de la Rosa and Suzy Berenice Gonzalez Hernandez
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And as part of our legal aid, Lic. Silvia Hernandez Aguilar. </p>
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                                <h3>Biological Section</h3>
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Latest revision as of 03:58, 18 October 2014

Virtus Parva

This space is destined to every person


who granted us their support in this project,


all of them in different fashion. It is not


possible to name everyone involved. Yet,


they all contributed to the growth and


development of this project

Our Advisors

Dr. Jose Sanchez Salas: our main instructor, our biological instructor, who was always patient and taught us plenty in the span of a couple of months. We were daily in the microbiology lab, continuing with our experiment and consulting with him, in order to advance in our project on the correct path.



Dr. Miguel Angel Méndez Rojas: our instructor, supporter and main aid when it came to the inorganic portion of our project and kept our feet on the ground. Most of the time spent in this lab was towards the beginning of our project, for the synthesis of our magnetite.



Dr. Ruben Alejos Palomares: our instructor and biggest help when it came to modeling, without whom we would have been lost. Modelling was able to be completed thanks to the class Dr. Alejos taught, MEMS, and being widely available outside of classroom hours for consulting.



Human Practices

We would like to thank all of the people that have helped out with our Human Practices:

Student Council Executive Power:
Francisco Calzada;Linda Zaragoza; Diana Moreno Cardenas; Carolina Acosta; Miguel Alpuche Manrique

Student Council of Chemical Biological Sciences:
Haydee Pacheco
Axel Loredo
Roy Miranda
Nayeli Garcia Malo Lopez
Jessica del Castillo


Instituto Vanguardia de Hermosillo Campus Colosio, especially to Magnolia Avilez for opening their doors to the dissemination of science and our project, helping us to reach high school students to get them interested in science




Dr. Melina Gomez Bock, the reason we began the play Copenhague and our connection to the Theater students, allowing the ball to start rolling on the entire project.


And especially we would like to thank the entire cast of the play Copenhague,:



Baruk Serna, Larissa Perez, Ulises Gutierrez, Lya Diaz, Adriana Serra, Roxana Garza, Aldo Sosa, Stefany Blanco, Itzel Hernandez, Dante Franco, Luis Coy, Armando Morín, Fernando Arteaga, Guillermo Castrezana, Benito Rivera, Roxana Herrán, Melissa Guiochin.

Special Thanks

It can sometimes be easy to overlook those people that helped us out in our project in areas different to lab work or our human practices. For all of those who helped us out, we would like to send out a very special thanks to:

The Dean of the School of Sciences, Andrés Ramos,

the Head of Chemical and Biological Sciences Department, Daniel Lozada
and the Head of the Department of Investigation and Postgraduate Degrees, Polioptro Fortunato Martínez Austria,
for rooting for our project and aiding us in navigating the intricate inner system of our university.

As well as to everyone that helped with Wiki and Design support:
Erika Ponce, Luis Alberto Rubalcava, Manuel Zapata, Rodolfo Hernandez y Hernandez, Luis Arturo de la Rosa and Suzy Berenice Gonzalez Hernandez

And as part of our legal aid, Lic. Silvia Hernandez Aguilar.