"
Team:Goettingen/project overview/fungal infections
From 2014.igem.org
(Difference between revisions)
Gwen Eleven (Talk | contribs) m |
m |
||
| (41 intermediate revisions not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{:Team:Goettingen/header}} | {{:Team:Goettingen/header}} | ||
| - | + | {{:Team:Goettingen/projectLP}} | |
<html> | <html> | ||
<body> | <body> | ||
| Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
<!-- main part of the subpage --> | <!-- main part of the subpage --> | ||
<div id="subpage"> | <div id="subpage"> | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
<!-- right column--> | <!-- right column--> | ||
<div class="proRP" id="rpart1"> | <div class="proRP" id="rpart1"> | ||
| - | + | <div id="goenext"><a id="prev"><img id="pButton"></a> 3/15 <a id="next"><img id="nButton"></a></div> | |
| - | <h1>Background</h1><br /> | + | <h1>Background</h1><br /><br /> |
| - | <h2 | + | <h2>Fungal infections</h2><br /> |
<p>The most common fungal infections are superficial skin, nails and mucosal infections, which are caused in most cases by fungi of the genus <i>Candida</i>. These infections are usually not life threatening and have such common manifestations as athlete's foot and vulvovaginal candidiasis.</p> | <p>The most common fungal infections are superficial skin, nails and mucosal infections, which are caused in most cases by fungi of the genus <i>Candida</i>. These infections are usually not life threatening and have such common manifestations as athlete's foot and vulvovaginal candidiasis.</p> | ||
| Line 59: | Line 38: | ||
<p>According to Brown, <i>et al</i>., (2012), more than 90% of the reported deaths caused by fungi are associated with species from four genera: <i>Cryptococcus</i>, <i>Candida</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Pneumocystis</i>, but epidemiological data for fungal infections is poor, as these infections are often misdiagnosed and there is a lack of accurate data from the developing world.</p><br /> | <p>According to Brown, <i>et al</i>., (2012), more than 90% of the reported deaths caused by fungi are associated with species from four genera: <i>Cryptococcus</i>, <i>Candida</i>, <i>Aspergillus</i> and <i>Pneumocystis</i>, but epidemiological data for fungal infections is poor, as these infections are often misdiagnosed and there is a lack of accurate data from the developing world.</p><br /> | ||
| - | <h3>Endemic dimorphic | + | <h3>Endemic dimorphic mycoses</h3><br /> |
| - | <p> The following map is an | + | <p> The following map is an adaptation of the information presented in Brown, <i>et al</i>., (2012), where the authors make some comments regarding the quality of that information: <br /> <br />1) The data is extrapolated from a few and geographically localized studies <br /><br /> 2) accurate data is lacking from the developing world and the calculations may underestimate the true values of the presented statistics.</p><br /> |
| + | <p><center><b>Hover your pointer over the colored circles to see the data</b></center></p><br /> | ||
<div id="container1" style="position: relative; width: 650px; height: 350px;"></div> | <div id="container1" style="position: relative; width: 650px; height: 350px;"></div> | ||
| Line 96: | Line 76: | ||
{name: '<b>Disease:</b> Blastomycosis<br><b>Pathogen:</b><i> Blastomyces dermatitidis</i><br><b>Region:</b> Midwestern and Atlantic United States<br><b>Est. life-threatening infections per year</b> ~3,000', latitude: 37, longitude: -80, radius: 8, fillKey: 'gt51'}, | {name: '<b>Disease:</b> Blastomycosis<br><b>Pathogen:</b><i> Blastomyces dermatitidis</i><br><b>Region:</b> Midwestern and Atlantic United States<br><b>Est. life-threatening infections per year</b> ~3,000', latitude: 37, longitude: -80, radius: 8, fillKey: 'gt51'}, | ||
{name: '<b>Disease:</b> Paracoccidioidomycosis<br><b>Pathogen:</b><i> Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i><br><b>Region:</b> Brazil<br><b>Est. life-threatening infections per year</b>: ~4,000', latitude: -15.7833, longitude: -47.8667, radius: 8, fillKey: 'gt50'}, | {name: '<b>Disease:</b> Paracoccidioidomycosis<br><b>Pathogen:</b><i> Paracoccidioides brasiliensis</i><br><b>Region:</b> Brazil<br><b>Est. life-threatening infections per year</b>: ~4,000', latitude: -15.7833, longitude: -47.8667, radius: 8, fillKey: 'gt50'}, | ||
| - | |||
], { | ], { | ||
| Line 102: | Line 81: | ||
return "<div class='hoverinfo'><p>"+ data.name + "</p></div>"; | return "<div class='hoverinfo'><p>"+ data.name + "</p></div>"; | ||
}, | }, | ||
| - | |||
}); | }); | ||
| Line 110: | Line 88: | ||
</script> | </script> | ||
| - | <br /> | + | <br /><br /> |
| - | <h3> | + | <h3>Opportunistic invasive mycoses</h3><br /> |
| + | <p>Opportunistic mycoses affect those patients with a compromised immune system, such as AIDS patients and patients taking immmuno-suppressants, particularly those patients that were intervened with a solid transplantation. The following interactive graphic is also an adaption of the information presented in Brown <i>et al</i>., (2012).</p><br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <p>From top to bottom, the data on the upper-right corner is the following: 1) Disease name, 2) The causative organism 3) Mortality rates (% in infected populations) and 4) Estimated number of life threatening infections per year worldwide.</p><br /> | ||
| + | <p><center><b>Hover your pointer over the colored circles to see the data</b></center></p><br /> | ||
| Line 157: | Line 139: | ||
.attr("x", 400) | .attr("x", 400) | ||
.attr("y", 110) | .attr("y", 110) | ||
| - | + | .style("font-size", "16px") | |
.style("text-align", "right") | .style("text-align", "right") | ||
.text("Organism"); | .text("Organism"); | ||
| Line 167: | Line 149: | ||
.attr("y", 170) | .attr("y", 170) | ||
.style("text-align", "right") | .style("text-align", "right") | ||
| - | .style("font-size", " | + | .style("font-size", "14px") |
| - | .text("Est. life threatening infections | + | .text("Est. life-threatening infections/year worldwide"); |
// mortality rates | // mortality rates | ||
| Line 176: | Line 158: | ||
.attr("y", 140) | .attr("y", 140) | ||
.style("text-align", "right") | .style("text-align", "right") | ||
| - | .style("font-size", " | + | .style("font-size", "16px") |
.text("Mortality rates (% in infected populations)"); | .text("Mortality rates (% in infected populations)"); | ||
| Line 200: | Line 182: | ||
.style("fill", d3.rgb(203,234,247)) | .style("fill", d3.rgb(203,234,247)) | ||
.on("mouseover", function(d) { | .on("mouseover", function(d) { | ||
| - | + | ||
| + | d3.select("#disease").text(d.className); | ||
d3.select("#organism").text(d.organism); | d3.select("#organism").text(d.organism); | ||
d3.select("#lifeThreat").text(d.lifeThreat); | d3.select("#lifeThreat").text(d.lifeThreat); | ||
| Line 234: | Line 217: | ||
</script></div><br /><br /> | </script></div><br /><br /> | ||
| - | <div | + | <hr> |
| + | <br /><br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <h2>References</h2><br /> | ||
| + | <ol> | ||
| + | <li>1. Brown <i>et al</i>., (2012), Hidden Killers: Human Fungal Infections, <i>Sci Transl Med</i>, Vol. 4, Issue 165.</li> | ||
| + | </ol> | ||
| + | <br /><br /> | ||
| + | <div id="goenext"><a id="prev"><img id="pButton"></a> 3/15 <a id="next"><img id="nButton"></a></div> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | |||
<script> | <script> | ||
var curl = document.URL; | var curl = document.URL; | ||
| Line 243: | Line 236: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| - | |||
<!-- end of right column--> | <!-- end of right column--> | ||
| Line 251: | Line 243: | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
| - | + | ||
<script>$(document).keydown(function(e) { | <script>$(document).keydown(function(e) { | ||
switch(e.which) { | switch(e.which) { | ||
case 37: // left | case 37: // left | ||
| - | window.location = | + | window.location = url2; |
break; | break; | ||
| Line 267: | Line 253: | ||
case 39: // right | case 39: // right | ||
console.log("right"); | console.log("right"); | ||
| - | window.location = | + | window.location = url4; |
break; | break; | ||
| Line 276: | Line 262: | ||
e.preventDefault(); // prevent the default action (scroll / move caret) | e.preventDefault(); // prevent the default action (scroll / move caret) | ||
});</script> | });</script> | ||
| + | <script> | ||
| + | $( "[id=next]" ).attr("href", url4); | ||
| + | $( "[id=prev]" ).attr("href", url2); | ||
| + | $( "[id=nButton]" ).attr("src", nextButton).attr("width", "40"); | ||
| + | $( "[id=pButton]" ).attr("src", prevButton).attr("width", "40"); | ||
| + | </script> | ||
</body> | </body> | ||
</html> | </html> | ||
Latest revision as of 11:08, 2 October 2014
Project
Background
Fungal infections
The most common fungal infections are superficial skin, nails and mucosal infections, which are caused in most cases by fungi of the genus Candida. These infections are usually not life threatening and have such common manifestations as athlete's foot and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Invasive fungal infections, on the other hand, have unacceptably high mortality rates. Patients with a compromised immune system -such as AIDS patients and post-transplantation patients taking immunosupresants- are at special risk as they don't have the usual barriers that prevent invasive infections in healthy individuals.
According to Brown, et al., (2012), more than 90% of the reported deaths caused by fungi are associated with species from four genera: Cryptococcus, Candida, Aspergillus and Pneumocystis, but epidemiological data for fungal infections is poor, as these infections are often misdiagnosed and there is a lack of accurate data from the developing world.
Endemic dimorphic mycoses
The following map is an adaptation of the information presented in Brown, et al., (2012), where the authors make some comments regarding the quality of that information:
1) The data is extrapolated from a few and geographically localized studies
2) accurate data is lacking from the developing world and the calculations may underestimate the true values of the presented statistics.
Opportunistic invasive mycoses
Opportunistic mycoses affect those patients with a compromised immune system, such as AIDS patients and patients taking immmuno-suppressants, particularly those patients that were intervened with a solid transplantation. The following interactive graphic is also an adaption of the information presented in Brown et al., (2012).
From top to bottom, the data on the upper-right corner is the following: 1) Disease name, 2) The causative organism 3) Mortality rates (% in infected populations) and 4) Estimated number of life threatening infections per year worldwide.
References
- 1. Brown et al., (2012), Hidden Killers: Human Fungal Infections, Sci Transl Med, Vol. 4, Issue 165.
