Team:Peking

From 2014.igem.org

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Latest revision as of 03:47, 18 October 2014

Abstract

Widespread algal blooms cause extensive damage in ecosystems. Compared to physical or chemical methods, biological treatment for algal bloom is less expensive and more environmentally friendly. Peking iGEM is dedicated to constructing engineered microorganisms for the elimination of cyanobacteria and recovery of ecosystems.

An antimicrobial lysozyme was introduced to kill cyanobacteria since lysozyme could disrupt the outer membrane of cyanobacteria. In addition, we equipped our transgenic cells with features that allow for buoyancy and attachment, making our project more efficient. During this process, an enzyme is also secreted to degrade a deleterious product of cyanobacteria. After eradicating the cyanobacteria, our engineered bacteria will commit suicide, and the ecosystem is finally restored.

This project is an innovative treatment for water bloom, and has potential applications in the field of ecosystem remediation.

Peking iGEM: Lab

Peking iGEM: The Killing effects

Peking iGEM: Peking iGEM Club

Peking iGEM: Fluorescence Picture

Killing:
Killing the cyanobacteria is the directly efficient way to reduce an algal bloom. Lysozyme was introduced to annihilate cyanobacteria. The lysozyme could deconstruct the outer membrane of cyanobacteria and further lyse the cyanobacteria. Lysozyme immune system was implemented to protect our genetically engineered E. coli. Our goal is secreting lysozyme to kill cyanobacteria without harming our E. coli.

Killing Improvements:
A lectin of the cyanobacteria was expressed on the surface of our E. coli cells so that E. coli can bind to the cyanobacteria. Our experimental results show that E. coli cells do bind to the cyanobacteria, indicating that the killing efficiency of our project is greatly enhanced according our computational models. We also equipped our E. coli with gas vesicles so that our project can be feasible in the real ecosystems.

This year, Peking iGEM aimed at treating the problem of algal bloom with synthetic biological tools. Genetically engineered E. coli was implemented to both reduce the algal biomass and degrade the toxin.

Degradation :
Microcystis aeruginosa is the most common cyanobacteria during an algal bloom, which can secrete a deadly toxin microcystin. To decrease the negative effects of the toxin on water ecosystems, we introduced an engineered bacteria that can secrete a microcystinase-MlrA protein to hydrolyze the toxin.

Suicide :
After killing cyanobacteria and degrading toxin, the remaining bacteria should be eliminated or they would potentially cause negative effects to the environment. We constructed the suicide system using lysing system from phage, since E. coli should be controlled to commit suicide after accomplishing their mission.

Modeling :
Our modeling focused on supporting the whole project. We used Monte Carlo simulation to analyze the enhancement of binding of E. coli to cyanobacteria to the efficiency of killing. Another model about cellular burden was built to find optimal expressing efficiency. Furthermore, a macroscopic simulation that predicts the real situation would provide insight for the whole project.

Human Practice :
Investigation lies much beyond lab bench. Great insight would be discovered by in field study. We visited Taihu Lake, one of the biggest lake in China suffering algal bloom. We interviewed the researchers and acquired knowledge about cyanobacteria in lake ecosystem. Besides, we were dedicated to communicating with other teams. We also established iGEM Club in Peking University to popularize iGEM competition.

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
    <div id="mid1left">
      <div id="cover">
-       <p class="habstract">Harmful algal bloom</p>
+       <p class="habstract" style="text-align:center">Abstract</p>
-       <div id="pabstract"><p>Widespread algal bloom causes extensive damage in ecosystems. Compared to physical or chemical methods, biological treatment for water bloom is less expensive and more environmentally friendly. Peking iGEM is dedicated to constructing engineered microorganisms for the elimination of algae and recovery of ecosystems.</p>
+       <div id="pabstract"><p>Widespread algal blooms cause extensive damage in ecosystems. Compared to physical or chemical methods, biological treatment for algal bloom is less expensive and more environmentally friendly. Peking iGEM is dedicated to constructing engineered microorganisms for the elimination of cyanobacteria and recovery of ecosystems.</p>
-<p>An antimicrobial lysozyme was introduced to kill algae since lysozyme could disrupt the outer membrane of algae. In addition, we equipped our transgenic cells with features that allow for buoyancy and attachment, making our project more efficient. During this process, an enzyme is also secreted to degrade a deleterious product of algae. After eradicating the algae, our engineered bacteria will commit suicide, and the ecosystem is finally restored. </p>
+<p>An antimicrobial lysozyme was introduced to kill cyanobacteria since lysozyme could disrupt the outer membrane of cyanobacteria. In addition, we equipped our transgenic cells with features that allow for buoyancy and attachment, making our project more efficient. During this process, an enzyme is also secreted to degrade a deleterious product of cyanobacteria. After eradicating the cyanobacteria, our engineered bacteria will commit suicide, and the ecosystem is finally restored. </p>
 <p>This project is an innovative treatment for water bloom, and has potential applications in the field of ecosystem remediation.
 </p></div>
@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
        <div id="SliderName_2" class="SliderName_2">
          <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/07/Peking2014wcg_slideshow1.png"  alt="Demo2 first" />
-         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM Club 1: <strong>Promoting iGEM</strong></div>
+         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM: <strong>Lab</strong></div>
-         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e4/Peking2014wcg_slideshow2.png"  />
+         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bd/Peking2014ylq_algae_photo3.jpg"  alt="Demo2 first" />
-        <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM Club 2: <strong>Promoting iGEM</strong></div>
+         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM: <strong>The Killing effects</strong></div>
-        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c4/Peking2014wcg_slideshow3.png"  alt="Demo2 first" />
+         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/66/Peking2014wcg_slideshow11.png"  />
-         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM Club 1: <strong>Promoting iGEM</strong></div>
+         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM: <strong>Peking iGEM Club</strong></div>
-         <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/91/Peking2014wcg_slideshow4.png"  />
-         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM Club 2: <strong>Promoting iGEM</strong></div>
          <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/5d/Peking2014wcg_slideshow5.png"  />
-         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM Club 2: <strong>Promoting iGEM</strong></div>
+         <div class="SliderName_2Description">Peking iGEM: <strong>Fluorescence Picture</strong></div>
        </div>
        <div class="c"></div>
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      <div class="subgroup">
        <p class="subgroupl"> <strong><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/Killing" style="text-decoration: none;">Killing:</a></strong><br />
-         Killing the algae is the directly efficient way to reduce the algal bloom. Lysozyme was introduced to annihilate algae. The lysozyme could deconstruct the outer membrane of cyanobacteria and further lyse cyanobacteria. Lysozyme immune system was implemented to protect our genetically engineered <i>E. coli</i>. Our goal is to finally secrete lysozyme to kill algae without harming <i>E. coli</i>.  </p>
+         Killing the cyanobacteria is the directly efficient way to reduce an algal bloom. Lysozyme was introduced to annihilate cyanobacteria. The lysozyme could deconstruct the outer membrane of cyanobacteria and further lyse the cyanobacteria. Lysozyme immune system was implemented to protect our genetically engineered <i>E. coli</i>. Our goal is secreting lysozyme to kill cyanobacteria without harming our <i>E. coli</i>.  </p>
      </div>
      <div class="subgroupl">
        <p > <strong><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/KillingImprovements" style="text-decoration: none;" >Killing Improvements:</a></strong><br />
-A lectin of the cyanobacteria was expressed on the surface of our <i>E. coli</i> cells so that <i>E. coli</i> can bind to the cyanobacteria. The experimental results accorded with computational models, indicating that binding of <i>E. coli</i> to the cyanobacteria greatly enhances the killing efficiency of our project. We also equipped our <i>E. coli</i> with gas vesicles so that our project can be feasible in the real ecosystems.
+A lectin of the cyanobacteria was expressed on the surface of our <i>E. coli</i> cells so that <i>E. coli</i> can bind to the cyanobacteria. Our experimental results show that <i>E. coli</i> cells do bind to the cyanobacteria, indicating that the killing efficiency of our project is greatly enhanced according our computational models. We also equipped our <i>E. coli</i> with gas vesicles so that our project can be feasible in the real ecosystems.
 </p>
      </div>
    </div>
-   <div id="mid2center" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/Overview"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/94/Peking2014wcg_homeprocess.png"  alt=""/> </div>
+   <div id="mid2center" > <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/Overview"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/94/Peking2014wcg_homeprocess.png"  alt=""/> </a></div>
    <div id="mid2right">
      <div class="subgroupr">
-       <p> <strong>This year, Peking iGEM aims at treating the problem of algal bloom with synthetic biological tools. Genetically engineered <i>E. coli</i> was implemented to both reduce the algal biomass and degrade the toxin. </strong> </p>
+       <p> <strong>This year, Peking iGEM aimed at treating the problem of algal bloom with synthetic biological tools. Genetically engineered <i>E. coli</i> was implemented to both reduce the algal biomass and degrade the toxin. </strong> </p>
      </div>
      <div class="subgroupr">
        <p> <strong><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/Degradation" style="text-decoration: none;">Degradation :</a></strong><br />
-<i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> is the most common cyanobacteria during algal bloom, and can secrete microcystin, a deadly toxin. To decrease the negative effects of the toxin on water ecosystems, we introduce an engineered bacteria that can secrete a microcystinase-MlrA protein to hydrolyze the toxin.
+<i>Microcystis aeruginosa</i> is the most common cyanobacteria during an algal bloom, which can secrete a deadly toxin microcystin. To decrease the negative effects of the toxin on water ecosystems, we introduced an engineered bacteria that can secrete a microcystinase-MlrA protein to hydrolyze the toxin.
   </p>
      </div>
      <div class="subgroupr">
        <p> <strong><a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/Suicide" style="text-decoration: none;">Suicide :</a></strong><br />
-After killing algae and degrading toxin, the remaining bacteria should be eliminated or they would potentially cause negative effects to the environment. We constructed the suicide system using lysing system from phage, since <i>E. coli</i> should be controlled to commit suicide after accomplishing their mission.
+After killing cyanobacteria and degrading toxin, the remaining bacteria should be eliminated or they would potentially cause negative effects to the environment. We constructed the suicide system using lysing system from phage, since <i>E. coli</i> should be controlled to commit suicide after accomplishing their mission.
   </p>
      </div>
@@ Line 104: / Line 102: @@
    <div id="mid3left">
      <div class="subgroupl">
-       <p> <strong><a style="text-decoration: none;">Modeling :</a></strong><br />
+       <p> <strong><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/BindingEvaluation">Modeling :</a></strong><br />
-Our modeling focused on supporting the whole project. We used Monte Carlo simulation analyzed the enhancement of binding of <i>E. coli</i> to algae to the efficiency of killing. Another model about cellular burden was built to find optimal expressing efficiency. Furthermore, a macroscopic simulation that predicts the real situation would provide insight for the whole project.
+Our modeling focused on supporting the whole project. We used Monte Carlo simulation to analyze the enhancement of binding of <i>E. coli</i> to cyanobacteria to the efficiency of killing. Another model about cellular burden was built to find optimal expressing efficiency. Furthermore, a macroscopic simulation that predicts the real situation would provide insight for the whole project.
   </p>
      </div>
@@ Line 112: / Line 110: @@
    <div id="mid3right">
      <div class="subgroupr">
-       <p> <strong><a style="text-decoration: none;">Human Practice :</a></strong><br />
+       <p> <strong><a style="text-decoration: none;" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:Peking/TeamCom">Human Practice :</a></strong><br />
-Investigation lies much beyond lab bench. Great insight would be discovered by <i>in field</i> study. We visited Taihu Lake, one of the biggest lake in China suffering algal bloom. We interviewed the researchers and acquire knowledge about algae in lake ecosystem. Besides, we were dedicated to communicating with other teams. We also established iGEM Club in Peking University to popularize iGEM competition.
+Investigation lies much beyond lab bench. Great insight would be discovered by <i>in field</i> study. We visited Taihu Lake, one of the biggest lake in China suffering algal bloom. We interviewed the researchers and acquired knowledge about cyanobacteria in lake ecosystem. Besides, we were dedicated to communicating with other teams. We also established iGEM Club in Peking University to popularize iGEM competition.
   </p>
      </div>