<h2>Background</h2>

                         <h2>Background</h2>

                         <p>Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found in nature. Due to its versatility and ubiquity we find cellulose has applications in areas from medicine to textiles.Much of the cellulose we use is impure as it is derived from plants. Bacteria offer an alternative means of production that produces a cellulose that is purer and requires less processing.</p>

                         <p>Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer found in nature. Due to its versatility and ubiquity we find cellulose has applications in areas from medicine to textiles.Much of the cellulose we use is impure as it is derived from plants. Bacteria offer an alternative means of production that produces a cellulose that is purer and requires less processing.</p>

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                         <h2>Gluconacetobacter</h2>  

                         <h2>Gluconacetobacter</h2>  

                         <p>Cellulose is naturally produced by bacteria of several genera as an extracellular matrix. This functions as a protective mechanism, shielding the bacteria from the environment. The gram-negative <em>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</em> (formerly <em>Acetobacter xylinum</em>) is a high-yielding producer of bacterial cellulose and so served as a suitable base for further optimisation.</p>

                         <p>Cellulose is naturally produced by bacteria of several genera as an extracellular matrix. This functions as a protective mechanism, shielding the bacteria from the environment. The gram-negative <em>Gluconacetobacter xylinus</em> (formerly <em>Acetobacter xylinum</em>) is a high-yielding producer of bacterial cellulose and so served as a suitable base for further optimisation.</p>

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                         <p>While <em>Gluconacetobacter</em> is a high producer of bacterial cellulose, E. coli is currently a more robust host for synthetic biology. Transferring the bacterial cellulose operon into <em>E. coli</em> would ease further in-vivo modification of the cellulose by allowing well characterised parts to be used more directly and has the potential for higher productivity.  

                         <p>While <em>Gluconacetobacter</em> is a high producer of bacterial cellulose, E. coli is currently a more robust host for synthetic biology. Transferring the bacterial cellulose operon into <em>E. coli</em> would ease further in-vivo modification of the cellulose by allowing well characterised parts to be used more directly and has the potential for higher productivity.  

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                         <h2>Functionalisation</h2>  

                         <h2>Functionalisation</h2>  

                         <p>Pure bacterial cellulose is itself a useful biomaterial with material properties that facilitate applications from filtration to wound dressing. We modify the material, chemical and biological properties of our biomaterial through the addition of functional proteins. We investigated different methods of coupling these to the cellulose.</p>

                         <p>Pure bacterial cellulose is itself a useful biomaterial with material properties that facilitate applications from filtration to wound dressing. We modify the material, chemical and biological properties of our biomaterial through the addition of functional proteins. We investigated different methods of coupling these to the cellulose.</p>

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                         <h2>Water Filtration</h2>  

                         <h2>Water Filtration</h2>  

                         <p>Our mass produced and functionalised cellulose can be used for a range of exciting applications. The biological functionalisation allows our material to perform enzymatic actions on its environment. We targeted our functionalisation to the problem of water treatment and filtration.</p>

                         <p>Our mass produced and functionalised cellulose can be used for a range of exciting applications. The biological functionalisation allows our material to perform enzymatic actions on its environment. We targeted our functionalisation to the problem of water treatment and filtration.</p>

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                         <h2>Processing</h2>  

                         <h2>Processing</h2>  

                         <p>To produce a useable material from the wet pellicle we experimented with various methods of treating and processing the cellulose. This produced materials with a range of properties.</p>

                         <p>To produce a useable material from the wet pellicle we experimented with various methods of treating and processing the cellulose. This produced materials with a range of properties.</p>

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