http://2014.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&feed=atom&limit=250&target=Ulrikasimone&year=&month=2014.igem.org - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T15:46:14ZFrom 2014.igem.orgMediaWiki 1.16.5http://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour522014-10-18T03:58:10Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
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<html><br />
<h3>Ethics</h3><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUethics1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Living organisms can be manipulated</span> genetically so that they contain specific characteristics. Such modifications<br />
of organisms are obtained by inserting genetic material from other living <br />
<span class="sourceReference">organisms.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is associated with uncertainty by <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> many.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Consequently, many countries have strict regulations or laws against use of GMOs. The European Union in particular have strict regulations regarding <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
</p><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/ba/2014SDUethics2.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">In Africa regulations of GMOs</span> are also strict although GMOs have great potential for food and<br />
<span class="sourceReference">crops.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="hhttp://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The regulations of GMOs in Africa are based on the consumer's perceptions, rather than on health and food safety. This is noteworthy because it could seem unethical that the health and security of people have a lower priority than the consumer's perceptions and it might indicate that populism and industrial interests have a large influence regarding political <br />
<span class="sourceReference">decisions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Viljoen,<br />
C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act <br />
in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Manipulation of living organisms</span> raises questions in the public. One of the central questions which has led to public debate is whether scientists pretend to be God by constructing GMOs.<br><br />
The agricultural industry has benefited from selective breeding throught centuries, and although this has led to discussions as well, it is a standard procedure which is well-known in the society.<br><br />
Whether selective breeding to some extent is equal to the manipulation of living organisms is difficult to determine. One might claim that both methods entails modification of genetic material. However, there is no doubt that genetically engineering is a complex field, which includes careful considerations concerning safety and regulations among <br />
<span class="sourceReference">others.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and <br />
Environment, 2001. 12,205–220.<br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>What role does the scientist play in the debate?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9c/2014SDUethics3.png" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Studies suggests that</span> individuals with lower levels of scientific knowledge are equivalently sceptical<br />
towards <br />
<span class="sourceReference">science.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults.<br />
Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span> <br />
Lack of scientific knowledge indicates a necessity of dissemination of research done by scientists. <br />
Especially research in genetically modified food is dependent on the applications in society. This is <br />
emphasized by the distinction between the uses of GMOs in agriculture compared to the production <br />
of pharmaceutical products, which has been described by C. Marris in her article about public views on <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This means that people are more likely to accept GMOs if they recognize an effect of a product, which is a well-known property of pharmaceutical products. It is therefore important to include the public in the laboratory work in hope of preventing a link between <br />
synthetic engineering and insecurity. Therefore, it is important that a scientist does not become ignorant to this reality but rather aims at converting science.<br />
</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>What is our chances in an already established world?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUethics4.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Many people living in</span> Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and insecure as result of few employment possibilities and low productivity. Given that these populations depend on agricultural products as potato <br />
and maize, a solution to the low productivity seems <br />
<span class="sourceReference">essential.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Furthermore, their poor nutritional status remains low because maize does not cover the recommended diet of a <br />
human <br />
<span class="sourceReference">being.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World<br />
Health Organization,2007.935,1-265.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Genetically engineering of living organisms offer infinite possibilities of reducing starvation in the <br />
<span class="sourceReference">world.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Although the developed part of the world has the resources to help populations suffering from undernourishment, malnutrition or both, it is worth acknowledging how the help appears to others.<br><br />
In relation to the strict GMO regulations in Europe, one might reflect upon the justice of offering GMOs as <br />
food supplement to the developing countries. In addition to this, it is worth considering how the regulations of GMO in developed countries influence governments of developing <br />
<span class="sourceReference">countries.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-<br />
00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Due to the above mentioned it might</span> be worth considering improvements to legislations concerning the use of <br />
GMOs in relation to agriculture in European countries. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>How will a controversial proposal be met by an established society?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/2014SDUethics5.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Another consideration approaches </span>the morals of offering GMOs to people who have limited access to food <br />
to begin with.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">First of all the</span> finances relies on investments from nongovernmental organizations, benefactors or both.<br />
The motive for this comes from the minimal output that is associated with relief aids, which is not beneficial <br />
from the perspectives of the industrial world. Secondly, there is a risk of violating the right of the individual to choose when the alternatives to GMOs are limited. The fact that the people in focus do not have alternatives to begin with could on the contrary support the application of GMOs.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Unlike starving populations,</span> the ethical concern of offering GMOs to malnourished societies is not whether it is unfair <br />
to offer this without alternative nutritional choices. In <br />
this context, it is decisive to aim at integrating the GMOs in the gastronomy that already exists, as the two <br />
nutrition experts also states in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51"> an expert opnion.</a> <br />
But, will the population of developing countries necessarily have a positive view on an initiative such as this<br />
coming from the developed countries?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Is it an ethical issue to eat genetically modified bacteria?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/88/2014SDUethics6.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">One question in our</span> questionnaire was: <i>Would you eat GMO or food produced by GMOs?</i> The optional answers given were <i>yes, no, maybe, I don’t think so,</i> and <i>I don’t know</i>. We received a total<br />
number of 259 completed questionnaires where the answers were as follow; 43.66 % <i>yes</i>, 8.11 % <i>no</i>, <br />
33.98 % <i>maybe</i>, 8.11 % <i>I don’t think so</i> and 6.18 % <i>I don’t know</i>. <br><br />
As mentioned above, GMOs are organisms where the DNA has been modified; some people might even <br />
claim that it has been tampered with. It is important to note, that many people are unfamiliar with the <br />
procedure of genetical modification. This perhaps leads to skepticism or the development of fear for the <br />
unknown. The distribution of answers to the question <i>Would it be an ethical issue to offer GMO as <br />
relief aid for hunger-stricken countries?</i> showed that 16.22% of all participants answered <i>yes</i> or <i>maybe</i>. But <br />
is it only the ignorance, which means that people are hostile towards GMOs? <br><br />
Or could it be the opposite case, namely that people with knowledge of GMOs are afraid of the risks and <br />
hazards that genetically modification brings? Furthermore, could those people be brought to change their <br />
minds if they were guaranteed a safe system for humans and the environment?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUethics7.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Life is full of</span> daily risks, which have to be counterbalanced against each other and against potential benefits. Studies have shown that policies continue to be based on false believes about the public opinion in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Europe.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
A well-known term that describes this tendency is “zero risk”, which indicates prospects without risks.<br />
Demands of “zero risk” are not realistic and although these opinions does not necessarily belong to the <br />
general population, it has become increasingly important to communicate the risks to the public about <br />
<span class="sourceReference">risks.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of<br />
Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58.<br />
<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00003-014-0885-9" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
So saying, the regulations of GMO primarily should focus on preventing danger to people and<br />
to the environment rather than accommodating zero <br />
<span class="sourceReference">tolerance.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Peters, HP., et al. Culture and<br />
Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes <br />
towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Furthermore, it might be</span> important to consider which genes to use in the development of GMOs. As synthetic biologists we know that genes consists of four bases, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Cytosine, and we know that the difference between genes lies in the sequence of these four bases alone. Nevertheless specific <br />
genes, like genes from animals, might be unethical to use in GMO’s as it would be disrespectful towards <br />
vegans, vegetarians, religious groups etc. <br><br />
<br />
Would people, who for various reasons does not eat meat, accept to eat a product containing genes from <br />
an animal? Is the use of animal genes in GMOs a real ethical issue, or is this exclusively an example of lack <br />
of knowledge? These questions are important for the continued research.<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Would the use of</i></span> <i>GMOs in the agricultural industries have an impact on the job market or cultural traditions?</i><br> <br />
As mentioned above, genetically modified organisms can bring pivotal advantages to the agriculture<br />
and food industry. The production may expand with larger quantities and more uniform breeding, <br />
which has worked as an encouragement of approving GMOs in the agricultural <br />
<span class="sourceReference">industry.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Select USA: The Biotechnology Industry in the United States.<br />
<a href="http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/biotechnology-industry-united-states" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
But what would happen if GMOs were approved for all<br />
industries? Would it result in the optimal exploitation of our resources and would it lead to the best and <br />
largest quantities of the food production? Maybe it would. But maybe it would also lead to loss of jobs, as <br />
the breeding is easier and more successful. Furthermore smaller companies and private farmers might be <br />
forced to produce larger quantities and better products, as they otherwise could not keep up with the rapid <br />
growth and development of the food producing industry.<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">In other respects, the permission of</span> GMOs in agricultural industry might lead to the creation of more new jobs, for example within the research industry. GMOs also require environmental safeguards that must be <br />
performed by educated experts. In that way, it could encourage to higher educational levels in some <br />
countries, and thereby high probability of getting a job afterwards.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">It has been valuable for our iGEM team</span> to work on constructing an edible coli where so many ethical considerations come into play. To begin with the idea of creating a nutrition source based on non-digestible materials for human beings seemed as the good deed of the day, but it did not take long before this viewpoint changed due to reflections.<br><br />
It came to our attention that scientists play a major role in the dissemination of new scientific proposals. The reason for this is the importance of a good integration of the proposal, but also because of the impact it can have on peoples lives.<br><br />
On our ethics course in Copenhagen and through the trip to Ghana, we began to reflect upon how our targeted consumers would welcome our proposal. Whether they would see it as much-needed help or as a deamination of their needs and we realized that maybe not all people would welcome the idea with open arms.<br><br />
Our ethical considerations have made us look at our project from several new angles and opened our eyes to both the good and the more problematic aspects of our project.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour522014-10-18T03:57:34Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Ethics</h3><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUethics1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Living organisms can be manipulated</span> genetically so that they contain specific characteristics. Such modifications<br />
of organisms are obtained by inserting genetic material from other living <br />
<span class="sourceReference">organisms.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is associated with uncertainty by <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> many.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Consequently, many countries have strict regulations or laws against use of GMOs. The European Union in particular have strict regulations regarding <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
</p><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/ba/2014SDUethics2.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">In Africa regulations of GMOs</span> are also strict although GMOs have great potential for food and<br />
<span class="sourceReference">crops.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="hhttp://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The regulations of GMOs in Africa are based on the consumer's perceptions, rather than on health and food safety. This is noteworthy because it could seem unethical that the health and security of people have a lower priority than the consumer's perceptions and it might indicate that populism and industrial interests have a large influence regarding political <br />
<span class="sourceReference">decisions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Viljoen,<br />
C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act <br />
in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Manipulation of living organisms</span> raises questions in the public. One of the central questions which has led to public debate is whether scientists pretend to be God by constructing GMOs.<br><br />
The agricultural industry has benefited from selective breeding throught centuries, and although this has led to discussions as well, it is a standard procedure which is well-known in the society.<br><br />
Whether selective breeding to some extent is equal to the manipulation of living organisms is difficult to determine. One might claim that both methods entails modification of genetic material. However, there is no doubt that genetically engineering is a complex field, which includes careful considerations concerning safety and regulations among <br />
<span class="sourceReference">others.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and <br />
Environment, 2001. 12,205–220.<br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>What role does the scientist play in the debate?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9c/2014SDUethics3.png" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Studies suggests that</span> individuals with lower levels of scientific knowledge are equivalently sceptical<br />
towards <br />
<span class="sourceReference">science.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults.<br />
Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span> <br />
Lack of scientific knowledge indicates a necessity of dissemination of research done by scientists. <br />
Especially research in genetically modified food is dependent on the applications in society. This is <br />
emphasized by the distinction between the uses of GMOs in agriculture compared to the production <br />
of pharmaceutical products, which has been described by C. Marris in her article about public views on <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This means that people are more likely to accept GMOs if they recognize an effect of a product, which is a well-known property of pharmaceutical products. It is therefore important to include the public in the laboratory work in hope of preventing a link between <br />
synthetic engineering and insecurity. Therefore, it is important that a scientist does not become ignorant to this reality but rather aims at converting science.<br />
</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>What is our chances in an already established world?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUethics4.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Many people living in</span> Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and insecure as result of few employment possibilities and low productivity. Given that these populations depend on agricultural products as potato <br />
and maize, a solution to the low productivity seems <br />
<span class="sourceReference">essential.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Furthermore, their poor nutritional status remains low because maize does not cover the recommended diet of a <br />
human <br />
<span class="sourceReference">being.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World<br />
Health Organization,2007.935,1-265.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Genetically engineering of living organisms offer infinite possibilities of reducing starvation in the <br />
<span class="sourceReference">world.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Although the developed part of the world has the resources to help populations suffering from undernourishment, malnutrition or both, it is worth acknowledging how the help appears to others.<br><br />
In relation to the strict GMO regulations in Europe, one might reflect upon the justice of offering GMOs as <br />
food supplement to the developing countries. In addition to this, it is worth considering how the regulations of GMO in developed countries influence governments of developing <br />
<span class="sourceReference">countries.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-<br />
00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Due to the above mentioned it might</span> be worth considering improvements to legislations concerning the use of <br />
GMOs in relation to agriculture in European countries. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>How will a controversial proposal be met by an established society?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/2014SDUethics5.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Another consideration approaches</span>the morals of offering GMOs to people who have limited access to food <br />
to begin with.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">First of all the</span> finances relies on investments from nongovernmental organizations, benefactors or both.<br />
The motive for this comes from the minimal output that is associated with relief aids, which is not beneficial <br />
from the perspectives of the industrial world. Secondly, there is a risk of violating the right of the individual to choose when the alternatives to GMOs are limited. The fact that the people in focus do not have alternatives to begin with could on the contrary support the application of GMOs.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Unlike starving populations,</span> the ethical concern of offering GMOs to malnourished societies is not whether it is unfair <br />
to offer this without alternative nutritional choices. In <br />
this context, it is decisive to aim at integrating the GMOs in the gastronomy that already exists, as the two <br />
nutrition experts also states in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51"> an expert opnion.</a> <br />
But, will the population of developing countries necessarily have a positive view on an initiative such as this<br />
coming from the developed countries?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Is it an ethical issue to eat genetically modified bacteria?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/88/2014SDUethics6.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">One question in our</span> questionnaire was: <i>Would you eat GMO or food produced by GMOs?</i> The optional answers given were <i>yes, no, maybe, I don’t think so,</i> and <i>I don’t know</i>. We received a total<br />
number of 259 completed questionnaires where the answers were as follow; 43.66 % <i>yes</i>, 8.11 % <i>no</i>, <br />
33.98 % <i>maybe</i>, 8.11 % <i>I don’t think so</i> and 6.18 % <i>I don’t know</i>. <br><br />
As mentioned above, GMOs are organisms where the DNA has been modified; some people might even <br />
claim that it has been tampered with. It is important to note, that many people are unfamiliar with the <br />
procedure of genetical modification. This perhaps leads to skepticism or the development of fear for the <br />
unknown. The distribution of answers to the question <i>Would it be an ethical issue to offer GMO as <br />
relief aid for hunger-stricken countries?</i> showed that 16.22% of all participants answered <i>yes</i> or <i>maybe</i>. But <br />
is it only the ignorance, which means that people are hostile towards GMOs? <br><br />
Or could it be the opposite case, namely that people with knowledge of GMOs are afraid of the risks and <br />
hazards that genetically modification brings? Furthermore, could those people be brought to change their <br />
minds if they were guaranteed a safe system for humans and the environment?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUethics7.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Life is full of</span> daily risks, which have to be counterbalanced against each other and against potential benefits. Studies have shown that policies continue to be based on false believes about the public opinion in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Europe.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
A well-known term that describes this tendency is “zero risk”, which indicates prospects without risks.<br />
Demands of “zero risk” are not realistic and although these opinions does not necessarily belong to the <br />
general population, it has become increasingly important to communicate the risks to the public about <br />
<span class="sourceReference">risks.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of<br />
Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58.<br />
<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00003-014-0885-9" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
So saying, the regulations of GMO primarily should focus on preventing danger to people and<br />
to the environment rather than accommodating zero <br />
<span class="sourceReference">tolerance.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Peters, HP., et al. Culture and<br />
Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes <br />
towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Furthermore, it might be</span> important to consider which genes to use in the development of GMOs. As synthetic biologists we know that genes consists of four bases, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Cytosine, and we know that the difference between genes lies in the sequence of these four bases alone. Nevertheless specific <br />
genes, like genes from animals, might be unethical to use in GMO’s as it would be disrespectful towards <br />
vegans, vegetarians, religious groups etc. <br><br />
<br />
Would people, who for various reasons does not eat meat, accept to eat a product containing genes from <br />
an animal? Is the use of animal genes in GMOs a real ethical issue, or is this exclusively an example of lack <br />
of knowledge? These questions are important for the continued research.<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Would the use of</i></span> <i>GMOs in the agricultural industries have an impact on the job market or cultural traditions?</i><br> <br />
As mentioned above, genetically modified organisms can bring pivotal advantages to the agriculture<br />
and food industry. The production may expand with larger quantities and more uniform breeding, <br />
which has worked as an encouragement of approving GMOs in the agricultural <br />
<span class="sourceReference">industry.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Select USA: The Biotechnology Industry in the United States.<br />
<a href="http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/biotechnology-industry-united-states" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
But what would happen if GMOs were approved for all<br />
industries? Would it result in the optimal exploitation of our resources and would it lead to the best and <br />
largest quantities of the food production? Maybe it would. But maybe it would also lead to loss of jobs, as <br />
the breeding is easier and more successful. Furthermore smaller companies and private farmers might be <br />
forced to produce larger quantities and better products, as they otherwise could not keep up with the rapid <br />
growth and development of the food producing industry.<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">In other respects, the permission of</span> GMOs in agricultural industry might lead to the creation of more new jobs, for example within the research industry. GMOs also require environmental safeguards that must be <br />
performed by educated experts. In that way, it could encourage to higher educational levels in some <br />
countries, and thereby high probability of getting a job afterwards.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">It has been valuable for our iGEM team</span> to work on constructing an edible coli where so many ethical considerations come into play. To begin with the idea of creating a nutrition source based on non-digestible materials for human beings seemed as the good deed of the day, but it did not take long before this viewpoint changed due to reflections.<br><br />
It came to our attention that scientists play a major role in the dissemination of new scientific proposals. The reason for this is the importance of a good integration of the proposal, but also because of the impact it can have on peoples lives.<br><br />
On our ethics course in Copenhagen and through the trip to Ghana, we began to reflect upon how our targeted consumers would welcome our proposal. Whether they would see it as much-needed help or as a deamination of their needs and we realized that maybe not all people would welcome the idea with open arms.<br><br />
Our ethical considerations have made us look at our project from several new angles and opened our eyes to both the good and the more problematic aspects of our project.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour522014-10-18T03:57:17Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Ethics</h3><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUethics1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Living organisms can be manipulated</span> genetically so that they contain specific characteristics. Such modifications<br />
of organisms are obtained by inserting genetic material from other living <br />
<span class="sourceReference">organisms.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is associated with uncertainty by <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> many.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Consequently, many countries have strict regulations or laws against use of GMOs. The European Union in particular have strict regulations regarding <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
</p><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/ba/2014SDUethics2.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">In Africa regulations of GMOs</span> are also strict although GMOs have great potential for food and<br />
<span class="sourceReference">crops.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="hhttp://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The regulations of GMOs in Africa are based on the consumer's perceptions, rather than on health and food safety. This is noteworthy because it could seem unethical that the health and security of people have a lower priority than the consumer's perceptions and it might indicate that populism and industrial interests have a large influence regarding political <br />
<span class="sourceReference">decisions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Viljoen,<br />
C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act <br />
in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Manipulation of living organisms</span> raises questions in the public. One of the central questions which has led to public debate is whether scientists pretend to be God by constructing GMOs.<br><br />
The agricultural industry has benefited from selective breeding throught centuries, and although this has led to discussions as well, it is a standard procedure which is well-known in the society.<br><br />
Whether selective breeding to some extent is equal to the manipulation of living organisms is difficult to determine. One might claim that both methods entails modification of genetic material. However, there is no doubt that genetically engineering is a complex field, which includes careful considerations concerning safety and regulations among <br />
<span class="sourceReference">others.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and <br />
Environment, 2001. 12,205–220.<br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>What role does the scientist play in the debate?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9c/2014SDUethics3.png" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Studies suggests that</span> individuals with lower levels of scientific knowledge are equivalently sceptical<br />
towards <br />
<span class="sourceReference">science.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults.<br />
Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span> <br />
Lack of scientific knowledge indicates a necessity of dissemination of research done by scientists. <br />
Especially research in genetically modified food is dependent on the applications in society. This is <br />
emphasized by the distinction between the uses of GMOs in agriculture compared to the production <br />
of pharmaceutical products, which has been described by C. Marris in her article about public views on <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This means that people are more likely to accept GMOs if they recognize an effect of a product, which is a well-known property of pharmaceutical products. It is therefore important to include the public in the laboratory work in hope of preventing a link between <br />
synthetic engineering and insecurity. Therefore, it is important that a scientist does not become ignorant to this reality but rather aims at converting science.<br />
</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>What is our chances in an already established world?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUethics4.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Many people living in</span> Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and insecure as result of few employment possibilities and low productivity. Given that these populations depend on agricultural products as potato <br />
and maize, a solution to the low productivity seems <br />
<span class="sourceReference">essential.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Furthermore, their poor nutritional status remains low because maize does not cover the recommended diet of a <br />
human <br />
<span class="sourceReference">being.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World<br />
Health Organization,2007.935,1-265.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Genetically engineering of living organisms offer infinite possibilities of reducing starvation in the <br />
<span class="sourceReference">world.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Although the developed part of the world has the resources to help populations suffering from undernourishment, malnutrition or both, it is worth acknowledging how the help appears to others.<br><br />
In relation to the strict GMO regulations in Europe, one might reflect upon the justice of offering GMOs as <br />
food supplement to the developing countries. In addition to this, it is worth considering how the regulations of GMO in developed countries influence governments of developing <br />
<span class="sourceReference">countries.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-<br />
00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Due to the above mentioned it might</span> be worth considering improvements to legislations concerning the use of <br />
GMOs in relation to agriculture in European countries. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>How will a controversial proposal be met by an established society?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/2014SDUethics5.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Another consideration approaches</span>the morals of offering GMOs to people who have limited access to food <br />
to begin with.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">First of all the</span> finances relies on investments from nongovernmental organizations, benefactors or both.<br />
The motive for this comes from the minimal output that is associated with relief aids, which is not beneficial <br />
from the perspectives of the industrial world. Secondly, there is a risk of violating the right of the individual to choose when the alternatives to GMOs are limited. The fact that the people in focus do not have alternatives to begin with could on the contrary support the application of GMOs.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Unlike starving populations,</span> the ethical concern of offering GMOs to malnourished societies is not whether it is unfair <br />
to offer this without alternative nutritional choices. In <br />
this context, it is decisive to aim at integrating the GMOs in the gastronomy that already exists, as the two <br />
nutrition experts also states in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51"> an expert opnion.</a> <br />
But, will the population of developing countries necessarily have a positive view on an initiative such as this<br />
coming from the developed countries?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Is it an ethical issue to eat genetically modified bacteria?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/88/2014SDUethics6.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">One question in our</span> questionnaire was: <i>Would you eat GMO or food produced by GMOs?</i> The optional answers given were <i>yes, no, maybe, I don’t think so,</i> and <i>I don’t know</i>. We received a total<br />
number of 259 completed questionnaires where the answers were as follow; 43.66 % <i>yes</i>, 8.11 % <i>no</i>, <br />
33.98 % <i>maybe</i>, 8.11 % <i>I don’t think so</i> and 6.18 % <i>I don’t know</i>. <br><br />
As mentioned above, GMOs are organisms where the DNA has been modified; some people might even <br />
claim that it has been tampered with. It is important to note, that many people are unfamiliar with the <br />
procedure of genetical modification. This perhaps leads to skepticism or the development of fear for the <br />
unknown. The distribution of answers to the question <i>Would it be an ethical issue to offer GMO as <br />
relief aid for hunger-stricken countries?</i> showed that 16.22% of all participants answered <i>yes</i> or <i>maybe</i>. But <br />
is it only the ignorance, which means that people are hostile towards GMOs? <br><br />
Or could it be the opposite case, namely that people with knowledge of GMOs are afraid of the risks and <br />
hazards that genetically modification brings? Furthermore, could those people be brought to change their <br />
minds if they were guaranteed a safe system for humans and the environment?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUethics7.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Life is full of</span> daily risks, which have to be counterbalanced against each other and against potential benefits. Studies have shown that policies continue to be based on false believes about the public opinion in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Europe.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
A well-known term that describes this tendency is “zero risk”, which indicates prospects without risks.<br />
Demands of “zero risk” are not realistic and although these opinions does not necessarily belong to the <br />
general population, it has become increasingly important to communicate the risks to the public about <br />
<span class="sourceReference">risks.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of<br />
Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58.<br />
<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00003-014-0885-9" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
So saying, the regulations of GMO primarily should focus on preventing danger to people and<br />
to the environment rather than accommodating zero <br />
<span class="sourceReference">tolerance.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Peters, HP., et al. Culture and<br />
Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes <br />
towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Furthermore, it might be</span> important to consider which genes to use in the development of GMOs. As synthetic biologists we know that genes consists of four bases, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Cytosine, and we know that the difference between genes lies in the sequence of these four bases alone. Nevertheless specific <br />
genes, like genes from animals, might be unethical to use in GMO’s as it would be disrespectful towards <br />
vegans, vegetarians, religious groups etc. <br><br />
<br />
Would people, who for various reasons does not eat meat, accept to eat a product containing genes from <br />
an animal? Is the use of animal genes in GMOs a real ethical issue, or is this exclusively an example of lack <br />
of knowledge? These questions are important for the continued research.<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Would the use of</i></span> <i>GMOs in the agricultural industries have an impact on the job market or cultural traditions?</i><br> <br />
As mentioned above, genetically modified organisms can bring pivotal advantages to the agriculture<br />
and food industry. The production may expand with larger quantities and more uniform breeding, <br />
which has worked as an encouragement of approving GMOs in the agricultural <br />
<span class="sourceReference">industry.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Select USA: The Biotechnology Industry in the United States.<br />
<a href="http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/biotechnology-industry-united-states" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
But what would happen if GMOs were approved for all<br />
industries? Would it result in the optimal exploitation of our resources and would it lead to the best and <br />
largest quantities of the food production? Maybe it would. But maybe it would also lead to loss of jobs, as <br />
the breeding is easier and more successful. Furthermore smaller companies and private farmers might be <br />
forced to produce larger quantities and better products, as they otherwise could not keep up with the rapid <br />
growth and development of the food producing industry.<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">In other respects, the permission of</span> GMOs in agricultural industry might lead to the creation of more new jobs, for example within the research industry. GMOs also require environmental safeguards that must be <br />
performed by educated experts. In that way, it could encourage to higher educational levels in some <br />
countries, and thereby high probability of getting a job afterwards.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">It has been valuable for our iGEM team</span> to work on constructing an edible coli where so many ethical considerations come into play. To begin with the idea of creating a nutrition source based on non-digestible materials for human beings seemed as the good deed of the day, but it did not take long before this viewpoint changed due to reflections.<br><br />
It came to our attention that scientists play a major role in the dissemination of new scientific proposals. The reason for this is the importance of a good integration of the proposal, but also because of the impact it can have on peoples lives.<br><br />
On our ethics course in Copenhagen and through the trip to Ghana, we began to reflect upon how our targeted consumers would welcome our proposal. Whether they would see it as much-needed help or as a deamination of their needs and we realized that maybe not all people would welcome the idea with open arms.<br><br />
Our ethical considerations have made us look at our project from several new angles and opened our eyes to both the good and the more problematic aspects of our project.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour522014-10-18T03:56:43Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Ethics</h3><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUethics1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Living organisms can be manipulated</span> genetically so that they contain specific characteristics. Such modifications<br />
of organisms are obtained by inserting genetic material from other living <br />
<span class="sourceReference">organisms.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is associated with uncertainty by <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> many.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Consequently, many countries have strict regulations or laws against use of GMOs. The European Union in particular have strict regulations regarding <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
</p><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/ba/2014SDUethics2.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">In Africa regulations of GMOs</span> are also strict although GMOs have great potential for food and<br />
<span class="sourceReference">crops.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="hhttp://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The regulations of GMOs in Africa are based on the consumer's perceptions, rather than on health and food safety. This is noteworthy because it could seem unethical that the health and security of people have a lower priority than the consumer's perceptions and it might indicate that populism and industrial interests have a large influence regarding political <br />
<span class="sourceReference">decisions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Viljoen,<br />
C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act <br />
in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Manipulation of living organisms</span> raises questions in the public. One of the central questions which has led to public debate is whether scientists pretend to be God by constructing GMOs.<br><br />
The agricultural industry has benefited from selective breeding throught centuries, and although this has led to discussions as well, it is a standard procedure which is well-known in the society.<br><br />
Whether selective breeding to some extent is equal to the manipulation of living organisms is difficult to determine. One might claim that both methods entails modification of genetic material. However, there is no doubt that genetically engineering is a complex field, which includes careful considerations concerning safety and regulations among <br />
<span class="sourceReference">others.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and <br />
Environment, 2001. 12,205–220.<br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>What role does the scientist play in the debate?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9c/2014SDUethics3.png" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Studies suggests that</span> individuals with lower levels of scientific knowledge are equivalently sceptical<br />
towards <br />
<span class="sourceReference">science.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults.<br />
Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span> <br />
Lack of scientific knowledge indicates a necessity of dissemination of research done by scientists. <br />
Especially research in genetically modified food is dependent on the applications in society. This is <br />
emphasized by the distinction between the uses of GMOs in agriculture compared to the production <br />
of pharmaceutical products, which has been described by C. Marris in her article about public views on <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This means that people are more likely to accept GMOs if they recognize an effect of a product, which is a well-known property of pharmaceutical products. It is therefore important to include the public in the laboratory work in hope of preventing a link between <br />
synthetic engineering and insecurity. Therefore, it is important that a scientist does not become ignorant to this reality but rather aims at converting science.<br />
</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>What is our chances in an already established world?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUethics4.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Many people living in</span> Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and insecure as result of few employment possibilities and low productivity. Given that these populations depend on agricultural products as potato <br />
and maize, a solution to the low productivity seems <br />
<span class="sourceReference">essential.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Furthermore, their poor nutritional status remains low because maize does not cover the recommended diet of a <br />
human <br />
<span class="sourceReference">being.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World<br />
Health Organization,2007.935,1-265.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Genetically engineering of living organisms offer infinite possibilities of reducing starvation in the <br />
<span class="sourceReference">world.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Although the developed part of the world has the resources to help populations suffering from undernourishment, malnutrition or both, it is worth acknowledging how the help appears to others.<br><br />
In relation to the strict GMO regulations in Europe, one might reflect upon the justice of offering GMOs as <br />
food supplement to the developing countries. In addition to this, it is worth considering how the regulations of GMO in developed countries influence governments of developing <br />
<span class="sourceReference">countries.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-<br />
00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Due to the above mentioned it might</span> be worth considering improvements to legislations concerning the use of <br />
GMOs in relation to agriculture in European countries. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>How will a controversial proposal be met by an established society?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/2014SDUethics5.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Another consideration approaches</span>the morals of offering GMOs to people who have limited access to food <br />
to begin with.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">First of all the</span> finances relies on investments from nongovernmental organizations, benefactors or both.<br />
The motive for this comes from the minimal output that is associated with relief aids, which is not beneficial <br />
from the perspectives of the industrial world. Secondly, there is a risk of violating the right of the individual to choose when the alternatives to GMOs are limited. The fact that the people in focus do not have alternatives to begin with could on the contrary support the application of GMOs.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Unlike starving populations,</span> the ethical concern of offering GMOs to malnourished societies is not whether it is unfair <br />
to offer this without alternative nutritional choices. In <br />
this context, it is decisive to aim at integrating the GMOs in the gastronomy that already exists, as the two <br />
nutrition experts also states in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51"> an expert opnion.</a> <br />
But, will the population of developing countries necessarily have a positive view on an initiative such as this<br />
coming from the developed countries?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Is it an ethical issue to eat genetically modified bacteria?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/88/2014SDUethics6.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">One question in our</span> questionnaire was: <i>Would you eat GMO or food produced by GMOs?</i> The optional answers given were <i>yes, no, maybe, I don’t think so,</i> and <i>I don’t know</i>. We received a total<br />
number of 259 completed questionnaires where the answers were as follow; 43.66 % <i>yes</i>, 8.11 % <i>no</i>, <br />
33.98 % <i>maybe</i>, 8.11 % <i>I don’t think so</i> and 6.18 % <i>I don’t know</i>. <br><br />
As mentioned above, GMOs are organisms where the DNA has been modified; some people might even <br />
claim that it has been tampered with. It is important to note, that many people are unfamiliar with the <br />
procedure of genetical modification. This perhaps leads to skepticism or the development of fear for the <br />
unknown. The distribution of answers to the question <i>Would it be an ethical issue to offer GMO as <br />
relief aid for hunger-stricken countries?</i> showed that 16.22% of all participants answered <i>yes</i> or <i>maybe</i>. But <br />
is it only the ignorance, which means that people are hostile towards GMOs? <br><br />
Or could it be the opposite case, namely that people with knowledge of GMOs are afraid of the risks and <br />
hazards that genetically modification brings? Furthermore, could those people be brought to change their <br />
minds if they were guaranteed a safe system for humans and the environment?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUethics7.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Life is full of</span> daily risks, which have to be counterbalanced against each other and against potential benefits. Studies have shown that policies continue to be based on false believes about the public opinion in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Europe.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
A well-known term that describes this tendency is “zero risk”, which indicates prospects without risks.<br />
Demands of “zero risk” are not realistic and although these opinions does not necessarily belong to the <br />
general population, it has become increasingly important to communicate the risks to the public about <br />
<span class="sourceReference">risks.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of<br />
Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58.<br />
<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00003-014-0885-9" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
So saying, the regulations of GMO primarily should focus on preventing danger to people and<br />
to the environment rather than accommodating zero <br />
<span class="sourceReference">tolerance.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Peters, HP., et al. Culture and<br />
Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes <br />
towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Furthermore, it might be</span> important to consider which genes to use in the development of GMOs. As synthetic biologists we know that genes consists of four bases, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Cytosine, and we know that the difference between genes lies in the sequence of these four bases alone. Nevertheless specific <br />
genes, like genes from animals, might be unethical to use in GMO’s as it would be disrespectful towards <br />
vegans, vegetarians, religious groups etc. <br><br />
<br />
Would people, who for various reasons does not eat meat, accept to eat a product containing genes from <br />
an animal? Is the use of animal genes in GMOs a real ethical issue, or is this exclusively an example of lack <br />
of knowledge? These questions are important for the continued research.<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Would the use of</i></span> <i>GMOs in the agricultural industries have an impact on the job market or cultural traditions?</i><br> <br />
As mentioned above, genetically modified organisms can bring pivotal advantages to the agriculture<br />
and food industry. The production may expand with larger quantities and more uniform breeding, <br />
which has worked as an encouragement of approving GMOs in the agricultural <br />
<span class="sourceReference">industry.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Select USA: The Biotechnology Industry in the United States.<br />
<a href="http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/biotechnology-industry-united-states" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
But what would happen if GMOs were approved for all<br />
industries? Would it result in the optimal exploitation of our resources and would it lead to the best and <br />
largest quantities of the food production? Maybe it would. But maybe it would also lead to loss of jobs, as <br />
the breeding is easier and more successful. Furthermore smaller companies and private farmers might be <br />
forced to produce larger quantities and better products, as they otherwise could not keep up with the rapid <br />
growth and development of the food producing industry.<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">In other respects, the permission of</span> GMOs in agricultural industry might lead to the creation of more new jobs, for example within the research industry. GMOs also require environmental safeguards that must be <br />
performed by educated experts. In that way, it could encourage to higher educational levels in some <br />
countries, and thereby high probability of getting a job afterwards.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">It has been valuable for our iGEM team</span> to work on constructing an edible coli where so many ethical considerations come into play. To begin with the idea of creating a nutrition source based on non-digestible materials for human beings seemed as the good deed of the day, but it did not take long before this viewpoint changed due to reflections.<br><br />
It came to our attention that scientists play a major role in the dissemination of new scientific proposals. The reason for this is the importance of a good integration of the proposal, but also because of the impact it can have on peoples lives.<br><br />
On our ethics course in Copenhagen and through the trip to Ghana, we began to reflect upon how our targeted consumers would welcome our proposal. Whether they would see it as much-needed help or as a deamination of their needs and we realized that maybe not all people would welcome the idea with open arms.<br><br />
Our ethical considerations have made us look at our project from several new angles and opened our eyes to both the good and the more problematic aspects of our project.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour522014-10-18T03:54:59Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Ethics</h3><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUethics1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Living organisms can be</span> manipulated genetically so that they contain specific characteristics. Such modifications<br />
of organisms are obtained by inserting genetic material from other living <br />
<span class="sourceReference">organisms.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
A genetically modified organism (GMO) is associated with uncertainty by <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> many.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Consequently, many countries have strict regulations or laws against use of GMOs. The European Union in particular have strict regulations regarding <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
</p><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/ba/2014SDUethics2.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">In Africa regulations of GMOs</span> are also strict although GMOs have great potential for food and<br />
<span class="sourceReference">crops.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="hhttp://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The regulations of GMOs in Africa are based on the consumer's perceptions, rather than on health and food safety. This is noteworthy because it could seem unethical that the health and security of people have a lower priority than the consumer's perceptions and it might indicate that populism and industrial interests have a large influence regarding political <br />
<span class="sourceReference">decisions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Viljoen,<br />
C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act <br />
in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Manipulation of living organisms</span> raises questions in the public. One of the central questions which has led to public debate is whether scientists pretend to be God by constructing GMOs.<br><br />
The agricultural industry has benefited from selective breeding throught centuries, and although this has led to discussions as well, it is a standard procedure which is well-known in the society.<br><br />
Whether selective breeding to some extent is equal to the manipulation of living organisms is difficult to determine. One might claim that both methods entails modification of genetic material. However, there is no doubt that genetically engineering is a complex field, which includes careful considerations concerning safety and regulations among <br />
<span class="sourceReference">others.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and <br />
Environment, 2001. 12,205–220.<br />
<a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>What role does the scientist play in the debate?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9c/2014SDUethics3.png" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Studies suggests that</span> individuals with lower levels of scientific knowledge are equivalently sceptical<br />
towards <br />
<span class="sourceReference">science.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults.<br />
Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span> <br />
Lack of scientific knowledge indicates a necessity of dissemination of research done by scientists. <br />
Especially research in genetically modified food is dependent on the applications in society. This is <br />
emphasized by the distinction between the uses of GMOs in agriculture compared to the production <br />
of pharmaceutical products, which has been described by C. Marris in her article about public views on <br />
<span class="sourceReference">GMOs.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This means that people are more likely to accept GMOs if they recognize an effect of a product, which is a well-known property of pharmaceutical products. It is therefore important to include the public in the laboratory work in hope of preventing a link between <br />
synthetic engineering and insecurity. Therefore, it is important that a scientist does not become ignorant to this reality but rather aims at converting science.<br />
</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>What is our chances in an already established world?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUethics4.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Many people living in</span> Sub-Saharan Africa remain poor and insecure as result of few employment possibilities and low productivity. Given that these populations depend on agricultural products as potato <br />
and maize, a solution to the low productivity seems <br />
<span class="sourceReference">essential.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Furthermore, their poor nutritional status remains low because maize does not cover the recommended diet of a <br />
human <br />
<span class="sourceReference">being.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World<br />
Health Organization,2007.935,1-265.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Genetically engineering of living organisms offer infinite possibilities of reducing starvation in the <br />
<span class="sourceReference">world.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7.<br />
<a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Although the developed part of the world has the resources to help populations suffering from undernourishment, malnutrition or both, it is worth acknowledging how the help appears to others.<br><br />
In relation to the strict GMO regulations in Europe, one might reflect upon the justice of offering GMOs as <br />
food supplement to the developing countries. In addition to this, it is worth considering how the regulations of GMO in developed countries influence governments of developing <br />
<span class="sourceReference">countries.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613.<br />
<a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-<br />
00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Due to the above mentioned it might</span> be worth considering improvements to legislations concerning the use of <br />
GMOs in relation to agriculture in European countries. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>How will a controversial proposal be met by an established society?</h4><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/2014SDUethics5.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Another consideration approaches</span>the morals of offering GMOs to people who have limited access to food <br />
to begin with.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">First of all the</span> finances relies on investments from nongovernmental organizations, benefactors or both.<br />
The motive for this comes from the minimal output that is associated with relief aids, which is not beneficial <br />
from the perspectives of the industrial world. Secondly, there is a risk of violating the right of the individual to choose when the alternatives to GMOs are limited. The fact that the people in focus do not have alternatives to begin with could on the contrary support the application of GMOs.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Unlike starving populations,</span> the ethical concern of offering GMOs to malnourished societies is not whether it is unfair <br />
to offer this without alternative nutritional choices. In <br />
this context, it is decisive to aim at integrating the GMOs in the gastronomy that already exists, as the two <br />
nutrition experts also states in <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51"> an expert opnion.</a> <br />
But, will the population of developing countries necessarily have a positive view on an initiative such as this<br />
coming from the developed countries?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Is it an ethical issue to eat genetically modified bacteria?</h4><br />
<img align="left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/88/2014SDUethics6.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">One question in our</span> questionnaire was: <i>Would you eat GMO or food produced by GMOs?</i> The optional answers given were <i>yes, no, maybe, I don’t think so,</i> and <i>I don’t know</i>. We received a total<br />
number of 259 completed questionnaires where the answers were as follow; 43.66 % <i>yes</i>, 8.11 % <i>no</i>, <br />
33.98 % <i>maybe</i>, 8.11 % <i>I don’t think so</i> and 6.18 % <i>I don’t know</i>. <br><br />
As mentioned above, GMOs are organisms where the DNA has been modified; some people might even <br />
claim that it has been tampered with. It is important to note, that many people are unfamiliar with the <br />
procedure of genetical modification. This perhaps leads to skepticism or the development of fear for the <br />
unknown. The distribution of answers to the question <i>Would it be an ethical issue to offer GMO as <br />
relief aid for hunger-stricken countries?</i> showed that 16.22% of all participants answered <i>yes</i> or <i>maybe</i>. But <br />
is it only the ignorance, which means that people are hostile towards GMOs? <br><br />
Or could it be the opposite case, namely that people with knowledge of GMOs are afraid of the risks and <br />
hazards that genetically modification brings? Furthermore, could those people be brought to change their <br />
minds if they were guaranteed a safe system for humans and the environment?<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUethics7.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Life is full of</span> daily risks, which have to be counterbalanced against each other and against potential benefits. Studies have shown that policies continue to be based on false believes about the public opinion in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Europe.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548.<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
A well-known term that describes this tendency is “zero risk”, which indicates prospects without risks.<br />
Demands of “zero risk” are not realistic and although these opinions does not necessarily belong to the <br />
general population, it has become increasingly important to communicate the risks to the public about <br />
<span class="sourceReference">risks.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of<br />
Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58.<br />
<a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00003-014-0885-9" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
So saying, the regulations of GMO primarily should focus on preventing danger to people and<br />
to the environment rather than accommodating zero <br />
<span class="sourceReference">tolerance.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Peters, HP., et al. Culture and<br />
Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes <br />
towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220.<br />
<a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Furthermore, it might be</span> important to consider which genes to use in the development of GMOs. As synthetic biologists we know that genes consists of four bases, Thymine, Guanine, Adenine and Cytosine, and we know that the difference between genes lies in the sequence of these four bases alone. Nevertheless specific <br />
genes, like genes from animals, might be unethical to use in GMO’s as it would be disrespectful towards <br />
vegans, vegetarians, religious groups etc. <br><br />
<br />
Would people, who for various reasons does not eat meat, accept to eat a product containing genes from <br />
an animal? Is the use of animal genes in GMOs a real ethical issue, or is this exclusively an example of lack <br />
of knowledge? These questions are important for the continued research.<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Would the use of</i></span> <i>GMOs in the agricultural industries have an impact on the job market or cultural traditions?</i><br> <br />
As mentioned above, genetically modified organisms can bring pivotal advantages to the agriculture<br />
and food industry. The production may expand with larger quantities and more uniform breeding, <br />
which has worked as an encouragement of approving GMOs in the agricultural <br />
<span class="sourceReference">industry.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Select USA: The Biotechnology Industry in the United States.<br />
<a href="http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/biotechnology-industry-united-states" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
But what would happen if GMOs were approved for all<br />
industries? Would it result in the optimal exploitation of our resources and would it lead to the best and <br />
largest quantities of the food production? Maybe it would. But maybe it would also lead to loss of jobs, as <br />
the breeding is easier and more successful. Furthermore smaller companies and private farmers might be <br />
forced to produce larger quantities and better products, as they otherwise could not keep up with the rapid <br />
growth and development of the food producing industry.<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">In other respects, the permission of</span> GMOs in agricultural industry might lead to the creation of more new jobs, for example within the research industry. GMOs also require environmental safeguards that must be <br />
performed by educated experts. In that way, it could encourage to higher educational levels in some <br />
countries, and thereby high probability of getting a job afterwards.<br><br />
It has been valuable for our iGEM team to work on constructing an edible coli where so many ethical considerations come into play. To begin with the idea of creating a nutrition source based on non-digestible materials for human beings seemed as the good deed of the day, but it did not take long before this viewpoint changed due to reflections.<br><br />
It came to our attention that scientists play a major role in the dissemination of new scientific proposals. The reason for this is the importance of a good integration of the proposal, but also because of the impact it can have on peoples lives.<br><br />
On our ethics course in Copenhagen and through the trip to Ghana, we began to reflect upon how our targeted consumers would welcome our proposal. Whether they would see it as much-needed help or as a deamination of their needs and we realized that maybe not all people would welcome the idea with open arms.<br><br />
Our ethical considerations have made us look at our project from several new angles and opened our eyes to both the good and the more problematic aspects of our project.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:50:07Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br><br><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:49:38Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:48:50Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour41Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour412014-10-18T03:46:30Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Expressions</h3><br><br />
<h4>Characerization of TetR/pTet</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">As mentioned on the System design page</span>, we wanted to investigate the Tet promoter expression profile, and what influence the LVA tag on the pTet promoter regulator (TetR) had on the expression profile. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">For this purpose</span> three plasmids were constructed. The first expressing GFP from pTet promoter with no regulation. The second and third constitutively expressing TetR with or without the LVA tag as well<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet-GFP construct</span> was cloned.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">A TetR (no LVA) construct</span> was cloned by PCR amplification without the LVA tag and addition of promoter, RBS and terminator. Subsequently the construct was ligated into the pTet-GFP construct. The constructs can be <br />
found in parts registry as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:Bba_K1475004" target="_blank">Bba_K1475004</a> and <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:Bba_K1475005" target="_blank">Bba_K1475005</a>, respectively.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">A TetR (with LVA) construct</span> was cloned by PCR amplification with the LVA tag and addition of the same promoter, RBS and terminator as TetR without LVA tag. Subsequently the construct was ligated into the pTet-GFP construct, as well. The construct can be found in parts registry as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:Bba_K1475006" target="_blank">Bba_K1475006</a>.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Characterization/expression</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The promoters in</span> the TetR-pTet constructs are supposed to be inhibited by TetR. By induction with<br />
doxycycline, the repressor is inhibited, and thus pTet will be active. In this case, GFP will be expressed <br />
after induction with <br />
<span class="sourceReference">doxycycline.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Aagaard, L., et al.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression<br />
of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular <br />
Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945.<br />
<a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html" target="_blank"> (Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<span class="intro">To test if the Tet promoter</span> could be fine-tuned using different concentrations of doxycycline, we ran FACS<br />
(Fuorescence-activated Cell Sorting) on <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by pTet, regulated by TetR with <br />
and without LVA tag. A wild-type was used as control.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUexpressions1.png" title="Figure 1: Results of the fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) before and after induction with doxycycline. The strains used are NoTetR=E. coli K12 MG1655 with BBa_K136030, GFP regulated by the constitutively active p(tetR). tetR=E. coli K12 MG1655 with BBa_K1475005, GFP controlled by a constitutively expressed tetR repressor without the LVA-tag and the p(tetR) promoter. tetR:LVA=E. coli K12 MG1655 with BBa_K1475005, GFP controlled by a constitutively expressed tetR repressor with the LVA-tag and the p(tetR) promoter."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUexpressions1.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Results of the FACS before and after induction with doxycycline.<br />
</a><br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro"> Comparing only the strains expressing either variants of TetR</span>, the results of the FACS illustrates that without induction with doxycycline, GFP is still expressed. Most likely because the promoter is leaky. Despite 100% of the cells being fluorescent in the absence of doxycycline one can see that the fluorescence intensity is markedly reduced in the constructs containing TetR repressor. There is a very little variation in expression of GFP upon induction with low concentration of doxycycline. At high concentration of doxycycline (2000 ng/mL) it can clearly be seen that TetR (+LVA) inhibits pTet at a weaker extent than TetR without LVA. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Although the FACS results indicates</span> that the pTet inhibited by TetR with LVA tag is the most responsive upon induction by doxycycline, we argue that the effect seen is due to overexpressing of TetR repressor. The hypothesis is based on the poor median fluorescence compared to un-regulated pTet promoter, even at doxycycline concentrations inhibitory of cell growth. pSB1C3 being a high copy plasmid leads to a high number of repressors, thus a higher concentration of doxycycline in needed to induce the expression from pTet. The LVA tag destabilizes TetR thus lovering the number of TetR proteins. This could explain the better response from induction of TetR with LVA. It can be seen from the coomassie stain below that there is less TetR repressor with LVA than without, supporting this hypothesis.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class = "intro">By using a strain,</span> constitutively expressing tetR with pTet on a low copy plasmid UNIPV-Pavia iGEM 2011 shows here: <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_R0040:Experience" target="_blank">BBa_R0040:Experience</a> that pTet can be induced by aTc. Thus less TetR repressors in comparison to pTet sites increases the response to inducer, futher supporting the hypothesis. <br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class = "intro">To analyse the amount</span> of TetR with and without LVA tag present in the cell, coomassie stainging was<br />
made on a SDS-page with <i>E. coli</i> K12 (induced by 0 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 500 ng/mL, <br />
1000 ng/mL and 2000 ng/mL doxycycline) expressing pTet-GFP, pTet-TetR (no LVA)-GFP and pTet-TetR <br />
(+LVA)-GFP, respectively.<br><br><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/be/SDU2014expressionsCoomassie_TetR_rettet_2000.png" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining on with <i>E. coli</i> K12 (induced by 0 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 500 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL and 2000 ng/mL doxycycline) expressing pTet-GFP, pTet-TetR (no LVA)-GFP and pTet-TetR (+LVA)-GFP, respectively."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/be/SDU2014expressionsCoomassie_TetR_rettet_2000.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining on with <i>E. coli</i> K12 (induced by 0 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 500 ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL and 2000 ng/mL doxycycline) expressing pTet-GFP, pTet-TetR (no LVA)-GFP and pTet-TetR (+LVA)-GFP, respectively.<br />
</a><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The coomassie staining shows</span> that the construct expressing TetR(+LVA) expresses more GFP than the<br />
construct expressing TetR(no LVA). In addition to this, the staining shows a higher amount of TetR(no LVA) <br />
in the cell than of TetR(+LVA). This is consistent with the FACS results that illustrates that pTet-TetR(+LVA) <br />
expresses more GFP than pTet-TetR(no LVA). The coomassie staining indicates that the reason for the <br />
higher expression of GFP by pTet-TetR (+ LVA) is because the cell contains less inhibitor. This must be due <br />
to the LVA tag making TetR unstable and tagging it for degredation. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class = "intro">Because pTet is leaky,</span> all cells express GFP. It can be difficult to tell if the pTet has been induced and to <br />
what extent, however, plates containing the corresponding concentrations of doxycycline as used in FACS <br />
clearly shows an induction.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Duplicates of plates with doxycycline</span> were made with 0 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 500 <br />
ng/mL, 1000 ng/mL and 2000 ng/mL doxycycline. On the plates, TetR-pTet construct with LVA, TetR-pTet <br />
construct with no LVA, pTet-GFP without TetR construct and wild-type were plated. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<div><br />
<table frame="box" rules="rows" style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:200px"></td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> 0 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> 50 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> 100 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:200px">First series of plating of <br>TetR-GFP at different concentrations of doxycycline<br><br><br><br><br><br><br></td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/2d/2014SDUexpressions5.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 0ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/2f/2014SDUexpressions2.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/5d/2014SDUexpressions6.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 50ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUexpressions3.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/17/2014SDUexpressions7.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 100ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a1/2014SDUexpressions4.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:200px">200 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
<td style="width:200px">500 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
<td style="width:200px">1000 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
<td style="width:200px">2000 ng/mL doxycycline</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d0/2014SDUexpressions12.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 200ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/1a/2014SDUexpressions8.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/56/2014SDUexpressions13.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 500ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/17/2014SDUexpressions9.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/37/2014SDUexpressions14.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 1000ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/57/2014SDUexpressions10.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:200px"> <br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:180px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c3/2014SDUexpressions15.png" title="Plating of TetR-GFP at 2000ng/mL doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/56/2014SDUexpressions11.png" style="width:180px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<span class = "intro">Table 1:</span> Plating of E. coli MG1655 K12 expressing different constructs on plates containing a varying concentration of doxycycline: GFP=BBa_K136030, GFP regulated by the constitutively active p(tetR). tetR no LVA=BBa_K1475005, GFP controlled by a constitutively expressed tetR repressor without the LVA-tag and the p(tetR) promoter. tetR +LVA=BBa_K1475005, GFP controlled by a constitutively expressed tetR repressor with the LVA-tag and the p(tetR) promoter. The experiment was done in duplicates but the second line of results was omitted from this wiki because the results showed the same, please see the parts registry page for all results: <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a>.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The plating of TetR-GFP constructs</span> on plates with doxycycline shows that GFP is expressed at different <br />
levels at different concentrations of doxycycline. Expression increases with an increase in doxycycline <br />
concentrations. The plates also show that GFP, to some extent, is expressed without doxycycline. This <br />
indicates that the Tet promoter is leaky and is not fully inhibited by TetR as it was also seen from the FACS <br />
results. Furthermore, the plating assay proves that the bricks are functional, however slowly responding to induction (continuous induction over 24 hours compared to induction over 1 hour)<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To see how the growth</span> of the bacteria expressing GFP controlled by pTet are affected, we measured <br />
OD over 8 hours. We measured OD on triplicates of bacteria with an empty vector, pTet-GFP, pTet (no LVA)-<br />
GFP, pTet (+LVA)-GFP and a wild-type.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:800px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:800px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve of bacteria expressing pTet (+LVA)-GFP, pTet (no LVA)-GFP, pTet-GFP, an empty vector and a wild-type.<br />
</div><br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">Figure 3 shows the growth</span> of bacteria expressing GFP constitutiely, are attenuated the most with most <br />
comprised growth. Removing the LVA tag from TetR also has a negative effect on the growth of the <br />
bacteria. This could be because TetR without LVA stresses the metabolism of the bacteria more than TetR<br />
with LVA or because LVA tags TetR for degradation and thus TetR with LVA stresses the cell less than TetR <br />
without LVA.</p><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Characterization of lacI/plac</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">2013 SDU-Denmark iGEM team proved</span> that the natural lac inhibitor has a faster respondance on induction <br />
by IPTG, than lacI with LVA (<a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">Link</a>). As for pTet, we wanted <br />
to test if the lac promoter could be fine-tuned. Due to the 2013 SDU iGEM team, we used the lacI without <br />
LVA. We wanted to ligate a constitutive promoter-lacI (no LVA) with plac-GFP. This was done successfully <br />
and can be found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475007">Bba_K1475007</a>. Due to time constrains, we were never able to characterize this part and compare it to pTet.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour402014-10-18T03:46:02Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Results</h3><br />
<br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"I know that I am intelligent, because I know that I know nothing." – <b>Socrates</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The next few pages will</span> guide you through the results of the characterization of our submitted parts. On this page, you will find short descriptions of our results, leading you to the final result. We hope you will dig deeper into the results of our systems. After the need to prioritize subprojects, the aim of our project was to get <i>E. coli</i> to express a self-designed nutritional protein, controlled by an inducible promoter. Furthermore it will express limonene synthase for the synthesis of limonene, the main part of lemon flavor.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Synthesis of self-designed protein OneProt</h4><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing that the expression of OneProt can be detected. <br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. <br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt is a self-designed protein</span> containing the correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between the essential and non-essential amino acids. Because the protein is self-designed, we wanted to detect if the protein was expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 and if it stresses the cells and affects their growth. In order to test if the protein is expressed, we made a Western blot, taking advance of the FLAG-tag on OneProt. The Western blot shows that the protein is expressed; however, we cannot tell if the protein has been cut by proteases or not. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test if the expression of the protein affects growth-rate</span>, we measured OD on <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. The growth curve illustrates that the growth-rate of the cell expressing OneProt isn't affected much compared to that of the wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Even though we now know that OneProt is expressed</span> and that <i>E. coli</i> continues to grow, we want to make sure that the protein is not toxic upon digestion. In order for us to do so, we fed <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector expressing OneProt on separate plates. To stress <i>C. elegans</i>, and thereby making it more sensitive, we used heat chock assay and stressed the organisms even more after 5 hours. The results are clear: after 7 hours of heat-shock assay, all <i>C.elegans</i> were alive, and thus we conclude that the OneProt has no toxic effects. <br><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:300px" target="_blank" title="Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Controlling the Tet promoter</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4f/2014SDUresults5.png" title="Figure 5: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/19/2014SDUresults6.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 5: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/b0/2014SDUresults3.png" title="Figure 4: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUresults4.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 4: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order for us to</span> be able to control the amount of OneProt produced, we need a promoter that can be controlled. For this, we put OneProt under expressional control by pTet. Besides investigating the controllable expression, we also investigated the influence of the LVA tag on TetR. We proved that the inhibition of pTet by TetR is correlated with the concentration of inducer – increasing amounts of inducer means decreasing levels of inhibition of pTet. Comparing the expression by pTet controlled by TetR with and without LVA tag shows that there is a higher expression upon induction, using TetR with LVA than using TetR without LVA. We also show that the pTet is most likely leaky when on high-copy plasmids.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<div><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" title="Figure 6: Dose response to doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 6: Dose response to doxycycline.<br />
</a><br><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<h4>Flavor improvement</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The thought of eating <i>E. coli</i></span> does not sound that delicious – and that is why we want our OneProt to taste like lemon. Though the cloning proved unsuccessful. However, we have characterised an odor-free <i>E. coli</i> strain and compared it with a wild type K12 MG1655 <i>E. coli</i> strain. We have used Ion Mobility Spectroscopy to analyse the two strains, since we deemed it among the best methods to analyse odors. From the results it was shown that the odor-free strain does not produce indole, which is the compound responsible for the characteristic odor of <i>E. coli</i>. <br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Added parts and devices</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To the great iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts</span> we have added 3 basic parts, 2 regulatory devices, 1 constitutively active production device and 4 regulable production devices.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour402014-10-18T03:45:20Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Results</h3><br />
<br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"I know that I am intelligent, because I know that I know nothing." – <b>Socrates</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The next few pages will</span> guide you through the results of the characterization of our submitted parts. On this page, you will find short descriptions of our results, leading you to the final result. We hope you will dig deeper into the results of our systems. After the need to prioritize subprojects, the aim of our project was to get <i>E. coli</i> to express a self-designed nutritional protein, controlled by an inducible promoter. Furthermore it will express limonene synthase for the synthesis of limonene, the main part of lemon flavor.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Synthesis of self-designed protein OneProt</h4><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing that the expression of OneProt can be detected. <br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. <br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt is a self-designed protein</span> containing the correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between the essential and non-essential amino acids. Because the protein is self-designed, we wanted to detect if the protein was expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 and if it stresses the cells and affects their growth. In order to test if the protein is expressed, we made a Western blot, taking advance of the FLAG-tag on OneProt. The Western blot shows that the protein is expressed; however, we cannot tell if the protein has been cut by proteases or not. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test if the expression of the protein affects growth-rate</span>, we measured OD on <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. The growth curve illustrates that the growth-rate of the cell expressing OneProt isn't affected much compared to that of the wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Even though we now know that OneProt is expressed</span> and that <i>E. coli</i> continues to grow, we want to make sure that the protein is not toxic upon digestion. In order for us to do so, we fed <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector expressing OneProt on separate plates. To stress <i>C. elegans</i>, and thereby making it more sensitive, we used heat chock assay and stressed the organisms even more after 5 hours. The results are clear: after 7 hours of heat-shock assay, all <i>C.elegans</i> were alive, and thus we conclude that the OneProt has no toxic effects. <br><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:300px" target="_blank" title="Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Controlling the Tet promoter</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4f/2014SDUresults5.png" title="Figure 4: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/19/2014SDUresults6.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 4: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/b0/2014SDUresults3.png" title="Figure 5: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUresults4.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 5: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order for us to</span> be able to control the amount of OneProt produced, we need a promoter that can be controlled. For this, we put OneProt under expressional control by pTet. Besides investigating the controllable expression, we also investigated the influence of the LVA tag on TetR. We proved that the inhibition of pTet by TetR is correlated with the concentration of inducer – increasing amounts of inducer means decreasing levels of inhibition of pTet. Comparing the expression by pTet controlled by TetR with and without LVA tag shows that there is a higher expression upon induction, using TetR with LVA than using TetR without LVA. We also show that the pTet is most likely leaky when on high-copy plasmids.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<div><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" title="Figure 6: Dose response to doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 6: Dose response to doxycycline.<br />
</a><br><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<h4>Flavor improvement</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The thought of eating <i>E. coli</i></span> does not sound that delicious – and that is why we want our OneProt to taste like lemon. Though the cloning proved unsuccessful. However, we have characterised an odor-free <i>E. coli</i> strain and compared it with a wild type K12 MG1655 <i>E. coli</i> strain. We have used Ion Mobility Spectroscopy to analyse the two strains, since we deemed it among the best methods to analyse odors. From the results it was shown that the odor-free strain does not produce indole, which is the compound responsible for the characteristic odor of <i>E. coli</i>. <br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Added parts and devices</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To the great iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts</span> we have added 3 basic parts, 2 regulatory devices, 1 constitutively active production device and 4 regulable production devices.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour402014-10-18T03:44:18Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Results</h3><br />
<br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"I know that I am intelligent, because I know that I know nothing." – <b>Socrates</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The next few pages will</span> guide you through the results of the characterization of our submitted parts. On this page, you will find short descriptions of our results, leading you to the final result. We hope you will dig deeper into the results of our systems. After the need to prioritize subprojects, the aim of our project was to get <i>E. coli</i> to express a self-designed nutritional protein, controlled by an inducible promoter. Furthermore it will express limonene synthase for the synthesis of limonene, the main part of lemon flavor.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Synthesis of self-designed protein OneProt</h4><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing that the expression of OneProt can be detected. <br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. <br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt is a self-designed protein</span> containing the correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between the essential and non-essential amino acids. Because the protein is self-designed, we wanted to detect if the protein was expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 and if it stresses the cells and affects their growth. In order to test if the protein is expressed, we made a Western blot, taking advance of the FLAG-tag on OneProt. The Western blot shows that the protein is expressed; however, we cannot tell if the protein has been cut by proteases or not. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test if the expression of the protein affects growth-rate</span>, we measured OD on <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. The growth curve illustrates that the growth-rate of the cell expressing OneProt isn't affected much compared to that of the wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Even though we now know that OneProt is expressed</span> and that <i>E. coli</i> continues to grow, we want to make sure that the protein is not toxic upon digestion. In order for us to do so, we fed <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector expressing OneProt on separate plates. To stress <i>C. elegans</i>, and thereby making it more sensitive, we used heat chock assay and stressed the organisms even more after 5 hours. The results are clear: after 7 hours of heat-shock assay, all <i>C.elegans</i> were alive, and thus we conclude that the OneProt has no toxic effects. <br><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:300px" target="_blank" title="Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Controlling the Tet promoter</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4f/2014SDUresults5.png" title="Figure 2: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/19/2014SDUresults6.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/b0/2014SDUresults3.png" title="Figure 1: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUresults4.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 1: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order for us to</span> be able to control the amount of OneProt produced, we need a promoter that can be controlled. For this, we put OneProt under expressional control by pTet. Besides investigating the controllable expression, we also investigated the influence of the LVA tag on TetR. We proved that the inhibition of pTet by TetR is correlated with the concentration of inducer – increasing amounts of inducer means decreasing levels of inhibition of pTet. Comparing the expression by pTet controlled by TetR with and without LVA tag shows that there is a higher expression upon induction, using TetR with LVA than using TetR without LVA. We also show that the pTet is most likely leaky when on high-copy plasmids.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<div><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" title="Figure 3: Dose response to doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 3: Dose response to doxycycline.<br />
</a><br><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<h4>Flavor improvement</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The thought of eating <i>E. coli</i></span> does not sound that delicious – and that is why we want our OneProt to taste like lemon. Though the cloning proved unsuccessful. However, we have characterised an odor-free <i>E. coli</i> strain and compared it with a wild type K12 MG1655 <i>E. coli</i> strain. We have used Ion Mobility Spectroscopy to analyse the two strains, since we deemed it among the best methods to analyse odors. From the results it was shown that the odor-free strain does not produce indole, which is the compound responsible for the characteristic odor of <i>E. coli</i>. <br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Added parts and devices</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To the great iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts</span> we have added 3 basic parts, 2 regulatory devices, 1 constitutively active production device and 4 regulable production devices.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour402014-10-18T03:43:33Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Results</h3><br />
<br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"I know that I am intelligent, because I know that I know nothing." – <b>Socrates</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The next few pages will</span> guide you through the results of the characterization of our submitted parts. On this page, you will find short descriptions of our results, leading you to the final result. We hope you will dig deeper into the results of our systems. After the need to prioritize subprojects, the aim of our project was to get <i>E. coli</i> to express a self-designed nutritional protein, controlled by an inducible promoter. Furthermore it will express limonene synthase for the synthesis of limonene, the main part of lemon flavor.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Synthesis of self-designed protein OneProt</h4><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing that the expression of OneProt can be detected. <br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt is a self-designed protein</span> containing the correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between the essential and non-essential amino acids. Because the protein is self-designed, we wanted to detect if the protein was expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 and if it stresses the cells and affects their growth. In order to test if the protein is expressed, we made a Western blot, taking advance of the FLAG-tag on OneProt. The Western blot shows that the protein is expressed; however, we cannot tell if the protein has been cut by proteases or not. <br><br><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. <br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test if the expression of the protein affects growth-rate</span>, we measured OD on <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt using a wild-type as control. The growth curve illustrates that the growth-rate of the cell expressing OneProt isn't affected much compared to that of the wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Even though we now know that OneProt is expressed</span> and that <i>E. coli</i> continues to grow, we want to make sure that the protein is not toxic upon digestion. In order for us to do so, we fed <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector expressing OneProt on separate plates. To stress <i>C. elegans</i>, and thereby making it more sensitive, we used heat chock assay and stressed the organisms even more after 5 hours. The results are clear: after 7 hours of heat-shock assay, all <i>C.elegans</i> were alive, and thus we conclude that the OneProt has no toxic effects. <br><br><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:300px" target="_blank" title="Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt. "><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Figure 3: <i>C.elegans</i> fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Controlling the Tet promoter</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4f/2014SDUresults5.png" title="Figure 2: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/19/2014SDUresults6.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 2: Plate containing 200 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:200px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/b0/2014SDUresults3.png" title="Figure 1: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA)."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e6/2014SDUresults4.png" style="width:200px" /><br />
Figure 1: Plate containing 0 ng/mL doxycycline plated with <i>E. coli</i> WT and <i>E. coli</i> expressing GFP controlled by a constitutive promoter, pTet-TeR(+LVA) and pTet-TetR(no LVA).<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order for us to</span> be able to control the amount of OneProt produced, we need a promoter that can be controlled. For this, we put OneProt under expressional control by pTet. Besides investigating the controllable expression, we also investigated the influence of the LVA tag on TetR. We proved that the inhibition of pTet by TetR is correlated with the concentration of inducer – increasing amounts of inducer means decreasing levels of inhibition of pTet. Comparing the expression by pTet controlled by TetR with and without LVA tag shows that there is a higher expression upon induction, using TetR with LVA than using TetR without LVA. We also show that the pTet is most likely leaky when on high-copy plasmids.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
<div><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" title="Figure 3: Dose response to doxycycline."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/12/2014SDUresults2.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 3: Dose response to doxycycline.<br />
</a><br><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<h4>Flavor improvement</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The thought of eating <i>E. coli</i></span> does not sound that delicious – and that is why we want our OneProt to taste like lemon. Though the cloning proved unsuccessful. However, we have characterised an odor-free <i>E. coli</i> strain and compared it with a wild type K12 MG1655 <i>E. coli</i> strain. We have used Ion Mobility Spectroscopy to analyse the two strains, since we deemed it among the best methods to analyse odors. From the results it was shown that the odor-free strain does not produce indole, which is the compound responsible for the characteristic odor of <i>E. coli</i>. <br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Added parts and devices</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To the great iGEM Registry of Standard Biological Parts</span> we have added 3 basic parts, 2 regulatory devices, 1 constitutively active production device and 4 regulable production devices.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:34:21Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:33:28Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:32:27Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</span> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:31:59Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">From the growth curve, it is shown</a> that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:30:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a> Please note that this part was characterized with an ilegal XbaI site between the promoter and RBS, this has no influence on the function of the brick, the XbaI site was later removed and the brick has been submitted to the registry.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular weight</span> of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
From the growth curve, it is shown that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed,</span> we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
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{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour43Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour432014-10-18T03:27:13Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>Fatty acids</h3><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/53/2014SDUfattyacids2.png" title="Fish normaly provides a great amount of essential fatty acids."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/92/2014SDUfattyacids1.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
Fish normaly provides a great amount of essential fatty acids.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We wanted to clone</span> ∆9, ∆12 & ∆15 fatty acid desaturases into separate plasmids by the use of USER<br />
cloning. We wanted to use USER cloning to save some time and to ease the cloning process. Ahead of this <br />
cloning, we needed the desaturases separately.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We tried running several USER PCRs</span> on ∆9 desaturase iGEM part but all were unsuccessful.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We received the ∆12 desaturase (FAT-2)</span> which originated from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>. We ran a PCR which was successful. Thus we cloned it into a PSB1C3 plasmid and it can now be found in parts registry under <br />
<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002" target="_blank">BBa_K1475002</a>. Afterwards we tried running USER PCR on FAT-2 which was unsuccesful.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We tried to run a colony PCR</span> on the bacterium <i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803, with Phusion polymerase, in order for us to get the ∆15<br />
desaturase. Unfortunately, this was unsuccessful.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After several failed attempts</span> to run USER PCRs, we realized that we needed to prioritize and continue<br />
without cloning ∆9, ∆12 & ∆15 into the separate plasmids, with the use of USER cloning.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:26:49Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a>, <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000">BBa_K1475000</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<h3>iGEM Prizes</3><br />
<h4>Best Policy & Practice advance</h4><br />
<p><br />
Our main goal was to investigate whether people would eat genetically modified bacteria. To do this, we have successfully accomplished to:<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">questionnaire</a>: we got answers from mainly 4 different countries (Denmark, UK, Argentina and Ghana)</li><br />
<li><a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51">Interview</a> experts in Ghana.</li><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">business plan</a> to the implementation of our project.</li><br />
<li>Make <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">ethical considerations</a> about GMOs as a food resource.</li><br />
<li>Do a wide <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54">outreach</a>.</li><br />
<li>Make an informative and interactive <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour55">video adventure</a>.</li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best supporting software</h4><br />
We made a mockup to a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour24#database">modelling database</a>. This database should help other teams with their modelling and ideally it should be included to the Registry, in order to make a "Registry of Modelling". One of the major time consumptions during this kind of modeling is finding rate equations and searching for parameters. This time consuming process reoccurs each year. We therefore propose that we make a common database for modelling, that is incorporated into the iGEM website.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new basic part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002">BBa_K1475002</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new composit part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000">BBa_K1475000</a><br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour42Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour422014-10-18T03:22:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
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<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3>OneProt</h3><br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The pTet expression system</span> and limonene synthase construct is evolved around one thing: the OneProt.<br />
We have made the pTet-OneProt construct in order for us to synthesize a nutritional protein with the <br />
correct ratio of essential amino acids and the correct ratio between essential and non-essential <br />
amino acids. The device is found as <a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475000"> Bba_K1475000.</a><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein is self-designed,</span> so we wanted to test if the protein were expressed in <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655, by<br />
the use of Western blotting. The western blot was blottet with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 wild-type and <i>E. coli</i><br />
expressing OneProt at different OD measures.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/4e/2014SDUWestern_blot_with_GroL.jpg" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 1: Western blot showing <i>E. coli</i> wild-type at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.8 and <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at OD600 at 0.3, 0.8, 1.8 and an overnight culture. <br />
</div><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The protein has a 3xFLAG tag</span> and since bonds are showing, OneProt is expressed. However, from this<br />
western blot, we cannot see if the protein has been cut, just that it is expressed.<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" title="Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUresults7.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 2: Coomassie staining of <i>E. coli</i> expressing OneProt at early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase (OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture using an empty vector as control.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In order to check that</span> we had the protein expressed in its full length, we did a coomassie stain on a SDS-<br />
page. Here we also wanted to receive information on the expression of the protein at different growth <br />
stages of <i>E. coli</i>. We analyzed samples from early exponential phase (OD600=0.3), late exponential phase <br />
(OD600=1.5), stationary phase (OD=2.5) and an overnight culture. As a control, <i>E. coli</i> with an empty vector <br />
(PSC1C3) was used.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">OneProt has a molecular</span> weight of approximately 53.7 kDa. Unfortunately, there is no clear bond at this length. However, there is a bond at approximately 25 kDa, which is not detected in the control. We cannot <br />
conclude what gives rise to the band, but it might be a cellular response to an unfolded protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To test what effect</span> the expression of OneProt have on <i>E. coli</i> we set up a growth experiment<br />
measuring OD over time on the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 <br />
expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br><br><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignLeft" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" title="Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bf/2014SDUGrowth_-_WT%2C_YYC912%2C_Oneprot%2C_Empty_vector.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 3: Growth curve illustrating the growth of <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 WT, odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912, <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt and with an empty vector.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
From the growth curve, it is shown that the growth-rate of neither the strain expressing the OneProt protein nor the YYC912 strain is affected a lot compared to the <i>E. coli</i> K12 wild-type.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">By comparing the growth curve</span> of <i>E. coli</i> K12 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA) and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912 it is seen that the growth-rate of <i>E. coli</i> expressing TetR is lowered compared to <br />
the other strains, which means that it might be difficult to have OneProt expressed in high amounts controlled <br />
by pTet (+/-LVA), with the TetR repressors overexpressed at present levels. However, as argued on the previous page, the levels of TetR would have to be lowered, which would probably alleviate the attenuated growth-rate. <br><br><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" title="Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG 1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUDouble_growth_curve_-_revideret_daniel-01-01.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 4: Growth curves showing <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt, TetR(+LVA), TetR(no LVA), wild-type and odor-free <i>E. coli</i> YYC912.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Because OneProt is self-designed</span>, we wanted to test if the protein has any toxicity. To do so, we fed <br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<i>C. elegans</i>) with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 containing an empty vector and a vector <br />
expressing OneProt on separate plates. On both plates, 20 <i>C. elegans</i> were tested. Articles recommend <br />
using heat shock assay for 7 hours: 1 hour at 35° C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, <br />
<span class="sourceReference">repeated.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Mosbech, M., et al.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. <br />
elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Rodriguez, M., et al.:Worms under stress: <i>C. elegans</i> stress response and its relevance to complex human disease and <br />
aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">After approximately 5 hours</span> no effects on <i>C. elegans</i> was detectable. Therefore we decided to stress <br />
<i>C. elegans</i> a little more, incubating them in 2 hours at 35°C followed by 1 hour at 22°C, repeated. After 7 <br />
hours, every <i>C. elegans</i> on both plates were alive. Thus we conclude that the strain expressing OneProt at presents levels doesn't display toxic effects on <i>C. elegans</i>. This suggest that there are no obvious toxic effects towards eukaryotic cells such as human cells. However, the resulst are far from conclusive, and extensive testing is necessarry to confirm this suggestion.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" title="Figure 5:Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUresults10.jpg" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 5: Picture of C. elegans fed with <i>E. coli</i> K12 MG1655 expressing OneProt.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:21:14Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<h3>iGEM Prizes</3><br />
<h4>Best Policy & Practice advance</h4><br />
<p><br />
Our main goal was to investigate whether people would eat genetically modified bacteria. To do this, we have successfully accomplished to:<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">questionnaire</a>: we got answers from mainly 4 different countries (Denmark, UK, Argentina and Ghana)</li><br />
<li><a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51">Interview</a> experts in Ghana.</li><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">business plan</a> to the implementation of our project.</li><br />
<li>Make <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">ethical considerations</a> about GMOs as a food resource.</li><br />
<li>Do a wide <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54">outreach</a>.</li><br />
<li>Make an informative and interactive <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour55">video adventure</a>.</li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best supporting software</h4><br />
We made a mockup to a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour24#database">modelling database</a>. This database should help other teams with their modelling and ideally it should be included to the Registry, in order to make a "Registry of Modelling". One of the major time consumptions during this kind of modeling is finding rate equations and searching for parameters. This time consuming process reoccurs each year. We therefore propose that we make a common database for modelling, that is incorporated into the iGEM website.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new basic part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002">BBa_K1475002</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new composit part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:20:59Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<h3>iGEM Prizes</3><br />
<h4>Best Policy & Practice advance</h4><br />
<p><br />
Our main goal was to investigate whether people would eat genetically modified bacteria. To do this, we have successfully accomplished to:<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">questionnaire</a>: we got answers from mainly 4 different countries (Denmark, UK, Argentina and Ghana)</li><br />
<li><a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51">Interview</a> experts in Ghana.</li><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">business plan</a> to the implementation of our project.</li><br />
<li>Make <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">ethical considerations</a> about GMOs as a food resource.</li><br />
<li>Do a wide <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54">outreach</a>.</li><br />
<li>Make an informative and interactive <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour55">video adventure</a>.</li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best supporting software</h4><br />
We made a mockup to a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour24#database">modelling database</a>. This database should help other teams with their modelling and ideally it should be included to the Registry, in order to make a "Registry of Modelling". One of the major time consumptions during this kind of modeling is finding rate equations and searching for parameters. This time consuming process reoccurs each year. We therefore propose that we make a common database for modelling, that is incorporated into the iGEM website.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new basic part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002">BBa_K1475002</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new composit part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:20:32Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<h3>iGEM Prizes</3><br />
<h4>Best Policy & Practice advance</h4><br />
<p><br />
Our main goal was to investigate whether people would eat genetically modified bacteria. To do this, we have successfully accomplished to:<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">questionnaire</a>: we got answers from mainly 4 different countries (Denmark, UK, Argentina and Ghana)</li><br />
<li><a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51">Interview</a> experts in Ghana.</li><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">business plan</a> to the implementation of our project.</li><br />
<li>Make <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">ethical considerations</a> about GMOs as a food resource.</li><br />
<li>Do a wide <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54">outreach</a>.</li><br />
<li>Make an informative and interactive <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour55">video adventure</a>.</li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best supporting software</h4><br />
We made a mockup to a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour24#database">modelling database</a>. This database should help other teams with their modelling and ideally it should be included to the Registry, in order to make a "Registry of Modelling". One of the major time consumptions during this kind of modeling is finding rate equations and searching for parameters. This time consuming process reoccurs each year. We therefore propose that we make a common database for modelling, that is incorporated into the iGEM website.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new basic part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002">BBa_K1475002</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new composit part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:19:56Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<h3>iGEM Prizes</3><br />
<h4>Best Policy & Practice advance</h4><br />
<p><br />
Our main goal was to investigate whether people would eat genetically modified bacteria. To do this, we have successfully accomplished to:<br />
<ul><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">questionnaire</a>: we got answers from mainly 4 different countries (Denmark, UK, Argentina and Ghana)</li><br />
<li><a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51">Interview</a> experts in Ghana.</li><br />
<li>Make a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">business plan</a> to the implementation of our project.</li><br />
<li>Make <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52">ethical considerations</a> about GMOs as a food resource.</li><br />
<li>Do a wide <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54">outreach</a>.</li><br />
<li>Make an informative and interactive <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour55">video adventure</a>.</li><br />
<ul><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best supporting software</h4><br />
We made a mockup to a <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour24#database">modelling database</a>. This database should help other teams with their modelling and ideally it should be included to the Registry, in order to make a "Registry of Modelling". One of the major time consumptions during this kind of modeling is finding rate equations and searching for parameters. This time consuming process reoccurs each year. We therefore propose that we make a common database for modelling, that is incorporated into the iGEM website.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new basic part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475002">BBa_K1475002</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Best new composit part</h4><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> <br />
<br />
<br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:06:32Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function OR characterization of an existing BioBrick Part or Device</a><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T03:04:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our team has been registered, we have had the best summer, and we sure plan to have lots of fun at the Giant Jamboree!</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2014_Judging_Form?id=1475">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 17<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We sure did, you are currently on it.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the Giant iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We are looking forward and planning to attend the Gigant Jamboree in Boston, where we will present our project with a talk and a poster.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Clearly attribute work done by the students and distinguish it from work done by others</p><br />
<p class="resultText"> In the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14">Attributions</a> we describe all the help we have received and in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">Process</a> we describe how we divided the main responsibilities between us, team members.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project and submit it to the Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our BioBricks can be found in the section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">Submitted Parts</a>. Our favorite BioBrick is <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475001">BBa_K1475001</a>, OneProt as basic part.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated that our BioBricks <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005">BBa_K1475005</a> and <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006">BBa_K1475006</a> work as expected.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Registry of Standard Biological Parts and is also available in our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour40">Results</a>.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have successfully submitted these <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour45">parts</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Articulate at least one question encountered by your team beyond the bench, and describe how your team considered the(se) question(s) within your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our major question is whether people will accept genetically modified microorganisms as a food source. To approach this, we have made a questionnaire, ethical considerations, a business plan, interviewed experts, made a wide outreach and an informative and interactive video adventure. For more details, visit our section; <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">3/3 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">We have improved the characterization of the TetR with LVA-tag, BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040">BBa_C0040</a>, by making an expression system with GFP and characterizing it by FACS (Fluorescence Acivated Cell Sorting) and SDS-PAGE (SDS Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) analysis. Furthermore we have improved the characterization of <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999:Experience">BBa_J45999</a> by incorporating IMS (Iron Mobility Spectroscopy) analysis.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the ETH-Zurich iGEM team and the Imperial College iGEM team. For more details, see <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31">here</a></a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe an approach that your team used to address at least one of these questions. Evaluate your approach, including whether it allowed you to answer your question(s), how it influenced the team’s scientific project, and how it might be adapted for others to use (within and beyond iGEM)</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have described and evaluated our approaches at <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour50">Practices and Policy</a>.</a><br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T02:21:06Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">6/6 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Register the team, have a great summer, and plan to have fun at the Giant Jamboree.</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/Team.cgi?id=1088">The team</a> applied for participation on the 26<sup>th</sup> of March and on the 12<sup>th</sup> of April we received the following message from the iGEM Headquarters: “Welcome to iGEM 2013 ! Your iGEM 2013 team application was accepted by iGEM Headquarters on 2013-04-12 13:07:54 and your team registration fee has been received.”</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2013_Judging_Form?id=1088">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 4<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">As you can hopefully see and feel, we have made a user friendly and intuitive wiki.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">As of today (28<sup>th</sup> of october 2013) we are looking forward to and planning for a visit to the World Championship Jamboree in Boston to present our project for the other teams.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our favorite Device this year is our <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1088016">BBa_K1088016</a>, because it seems likely that this Device makes our strain capable of producing rubber.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated several of our BioBricks and Devices through experiments, see Submitted Parts for more info.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Parts Registry and much of it is available at our Characterization Results page.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have submitted several new parts to the Parts Registry, see <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">Submitted Parts</a> for more info.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe one or more ways in which the environment, security, safety and ethics and/or ownership and sharing have been taken into consideration in the design and execution of your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Throughout this wiki, we hope to have made it clear what impact this project could have on the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour23">environment</a>, the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour34">safety</a> and the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour63">ethics</a> of this project, and how we have taken this into consideration. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">2/1 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function of an existing BioBrick/Device</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the function of the LVA tagged LacI BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0012">BBa_C0012</a>, by removing the LVA tag and submitted this part to the registry <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1088018">BBa_K1088018.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team in modeling or simulating their system</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the Edinburgh iGEM team with the modelling of their system. <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Edinburgh/Collaboration" title="">Edinburgh's description of our mutually beneficial collaboration.</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour46Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour462014-10-18T02:16:55Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Judging criteria </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"It always seems impossible until it's done." – <b>Nelson Mandela</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Bronze">5/5 Bronze Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Team registration</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/Team.cgi?id=1088">The team</a> applied for participation on the 26<sup>th</sup> of March and on the 12<sup>th</sup> of April we received the following message from the iGEM Headquarters: “Welcome to iGEM 2013 ! Your iGEM 2013 team application was accepted by iGEM Headquarters on 2013-04-12 13:07:54 and your team registration fee has been received.”</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Complete Judging form</p><br />
<p class="resultText"><br />
<a class="dialogLink" href="https://igem.org/2013_Judging_Form?id=1088">Our Judging form</a> was completed the 4<sup>th</sup> of October.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Make a Team Wiki</p><br />
<p class="resultText">As you can hopefully see and feel, we have made a user friendly and intuitive wiki.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Present a poster and a talk at the iGEM Jamboree</p><br />
<p class="resultText">As of today (28<sup>th</sup> of october 2013) we are looking forward to and planning for a visit to the World Championship Jamboree in Boston to present our project for the other teams.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document a new standard BioBrick/Device used in your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Our favorite Device this year is our <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1088016">BBa_K1088016</a>, because it seems likely that this Device makes our strain capable of producing rubber.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Silver">4/4 Silver Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Experimentally validate a BioBrick/Device of your own design and construction to work as expected</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have validated several of our BioBricks and Devices through experiments, see Submitted Parts for more info.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Document the characterization of this part</p><br />
<p class="resultText">All our characterization documentation has been uploaded to Parts Registry and much of it is available at our Characterization Results page.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Submit this new part to the iGEM Parts Registry</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have submitted several new parts to the Parts Registry, see <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53">Submitted Parts</a> for more info.</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Describe one or more ways in which the environment, security, safety and ethics and/or ownership and sharing have been taken into consideration in the design and execution of your project</p><br />
<p class="resultText">Throughout this wiki, we hope to have made it clear what impact this project could have on the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour23">environment</a>, the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour34">safety</a> and the <a class="dialogLink" href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour63">ethics</a> of this project, and how we have taken this into consideration. </p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<h1 class="groupTitel Gold">2/1 Gold Requirements</h1><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Improve the function of an existing BioBrick/Device</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have improved the function of the LVA tagged LacI BioBrick <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0012">BBa_C0012</a>, by removing the LVA tag and submitted this part to the registry <a class="dialogLink" href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1088018">BBa_K1088018.</a><br />
<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="resultGroup"><br />
<p class="resultTitel">Help another registered iGEM team in modeling or simulating their system</p><br />
<p class="resultText">We have helped the Edinburgh iGEM team with the modelling of their system. <a href="https://2013.igem.org/Team:Edinburgh/Collaboration" title="">Edinburgh's description of our mutually beneficial collaboration.</a></p><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br><br><br />
</div><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T02:12:46Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Feeling gratitude and not expressing it, is like wrapping a present and not giving it." - <b>William Arthur Ward</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and guidance throughout our project.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have adviced us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
advice in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with tips and tricks to Western Blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycycline.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> assisted us with planning of Western Blots collaborated with materials to make them.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior. Furthermore, he agreed to give an interview regarding our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> pointed us to litterature to design a GC experiment and the toxicity assay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and practical information about<br />
what to do with them.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> provided us materials and facilities to do SDS-PAGE analysis.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> guided us while planning our ethics section.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and thoughts.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the team work.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research gave us an interview to our Practices and Policy, regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us decode the programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have assisted us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> introduced us to designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> adviced us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> adviced us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h5>All though we have recieved a lot of support, the hard work has been don by ourselves - to see a list of how the main responsibilities has been divided <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">click here.</a></h5><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T02:11:48Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Feeling gratitude and not expressing it, is like wrapping a present and not giving it." - <b>William Arthur Ward</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and guidance throughout our project.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have adviced us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
advice in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with tips and tricks to Western Blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycycline.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> assisted us with planning of Western Blots collaborated with materials to make them.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior. Furthermore, he agreed to give an interview regarding our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> pointed us to litterature to design a GC experiment and the toxicity assay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and practical information about<br />
what to do with them.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> provided us materials and facilities to do SDS-PAGE analysis.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> guided us while planning our ethics section.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and thoughts.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the team work.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research gave us an interview to our Practices and Policy, regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us decode the programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have assisted us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> introduced us to designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> adviced us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> adviced us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h5>All though we have recieved a lot of support, the hard work has been don by ourselves - to see a list of how the main responsibilities has been divided <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">click here.</a></h5><br />
<br><br><br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T02:01:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Feeling gratitude and not expressing it, is like wrapping a present and not giving it." - <b>William Arthur Ward</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and guidance throughout our project.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have adviced us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
advice in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with tips and tricks to Western Blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycycline.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> assisted us with planning of Western Blots collaborated with materials to make them.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior. Furthermore, he agreed to give an interview regarding our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> pointed us to litterature to design a GC experiment and the toxicity assay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and practical information about<br />
what to do with them.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> provided us materials and facilities to do SDS-PAGE analysis.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> guided us while planning our ethics section.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and thoughts.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the team work.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research gave us an interview to our Practices and Policy, regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us decode the programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have assisted us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> introduced us to designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> adviced us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> adviced us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour30">click here.</a><br />
<br><br><br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T01:58:11Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Feeling gratitude and not expressing it, is like wrapping a present and not giving it." - <b>William Arthur Ward</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and guidance throughout our project.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have adviced us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
advice in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with tips and tricks to Western Blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycycline.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> assisted us with planning of Western Blots collaborated with materials to make them.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior. Furthermore, he agreed to give an interview regarding our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> pointed us to litterature to design a GC experiment and the toxicity assay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and practical information about<br />
what to do with them.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> provided us materials and facilities to do SDS-PAGE analysis.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> guided us while planning our ethics section.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and thoughts.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the team work.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research gave us an interview to our Practices and Policy, regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us decode the programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have assisted us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> introduced us to designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> adviced us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> adviced us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour53Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour532014-10-18T01:54:12Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3>Business plan - Nutrition Generator</h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">Give a man some food, and you feed him for a day, give a man a Nutrition Generator and you feed<br />
him for a lifetime</font><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli is a fantastic bacteria</span> that can be used for many purposes and benefit many people. However, it <br />
can be difficult to understand the basic idea behind the innovative bacteria without explaining it with a final <br />
product. Therefore, we have written a business plan, describing one of the many possible end products <br />
Edible coli can be used for. This business plan explains the implementations of our idea by outlining the <br />
amazing food tank: Nutrition Generator.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Please note that the GMO</span> (Gene Modified Organism) legislation does not allow the production and <br />
marketing of a Nutrition Generator, as it is not allowed to sell edible gene modified <br />
<span class="sourceReference">bacteria.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the <br />
traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products <br />
produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, <br />
18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028)<br />
<a href="http://ec.europa.eu/food/food/animalnutrition/labelling/Reg_1829_2003_en.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a><br />
</span><br />
The ethical issues about the GMO legislation are discussed on our <a href="https://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour52" target="_blank">ethics page</a>. <br />
This business plan describes a fictional product idea and not a fully developed and legally tested product.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Nutrition Generator</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator is</span> an innovative and revolutionary tank that converts biological material that is not<br />
degradable by humans into food rich on protein and fat.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Every day people die</span> as a consequence of undernourishment. This is mostly seen in Africa, South-East Asia <br />
and Latin <br />
<span class="sourceReference">America.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<br />
<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm" target="_blank">(Link)</a><br />
</span><br />
In the early childhood chronic undernourishment can lead to underdevelopment of the brain, a weak immune system, and <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> death.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition.<br />
<a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx" target="_blank">(Link)</a><br />
</span><br />
Malnourished people need proteins and fatty acids, which the available resources in low-income countries, <br />
as for example Ghana, Congo and India, cannot cover for every single <br />
<span class="sourceReference">inhabitant.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook.<br />
<a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/" target="_blank">(Link)</a><br />
</span><br />
Nutrition Generator can solve problems with undernourishment and in addition be used all over the world <br />
as a supplement for malnourished people, vegans and vegetarians by supplying the right amounts of essential and <br />
nonessential amino acids, as well as essential &omega;3 and &omega;6 fatty acids.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>The product idea</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:300px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9e/2014SDUbusinessplan1.jpg" title="Figure 1: Schematic drawing of the tank."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9e/2014SDUbusinessplan1.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Figure 1: Schematic drawing of the tank.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator is constructed of</span> two tanks, one bacteria tank and one cellulose tank. The two tanks are connected with a bacterial flow tube, and a bacteria reflow tube with a pump helping the flow. The tubes are equipped with a safety closure system, so that bacteria can only be transferred when <br />
needed, and contamination risk is minimized.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The bacteria tank contains Edible coli,</span> a gene modified bacteria that expresses huge amounts of proteins<br />
and fatty acids by using cellulose as a carbon source. It is not possible to open the bacteria tank, which avoids <br />
contamination by other bacteria or fungi. The tank is designed to contain Edible coli from the beginning, <br />
which will reproduce, so that it is not required to change or add new bacteria at any time. Furthermore the <br />
tank will contain a pH indicator and a thermometer, so it's easy to keep an eye on and maintain the <br />
optimal growth conditions of the bacteria.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The cellulose tank is much larger</span> than the bacteria tank. It has a lid in the top, where cellulose containing<br />
materials, e.g. plant material, can be added, and through which the tank can be cleaned. In the <br />
bottom of the tank there is a tap where the final product can be tapped.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The cellulose tank functions as</span> an autoclave when closed and heated. For this purpose the tank has a valve, with<br />
which the pressure can be regulated.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">To start the expression</span> of proteins and fatty acids by Edible coli, a small amount of the bacteria is<br />
transferred from the bacteria tank to the cellulose tank. Then cellulose is added into the cellulose tank <br />
through the lid. The bacteria will now begin to degrade cellulose and express &omega;3 and &omega;6 fatty-acid and <br />
OneProt, a protein that contains all the essential amino acids in the right ratio, as well as all the <br />
nonessential amino acids. After a while the bacteria is autoclaved, so the end product does not contain <br />
any living bacteria.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Before the final product</span> can be tapped, a small amount must be pumped through the bacteria reflow tube <br />
into the bacteria tank. The final product functions as media for the living bacteria in the bacteria tank. <br />
Now the final product can be tapped and enjoyed. <br />
The Nutrition Generator is available as both electric and non-electric version, for which the non-electric version <br />
requires heat energy from e.g. a campfire. Specialized staff is only needed when the product is set up. <br />
Afterwards the use of the product is very simple and even children can operate the tank. The wear and tear <br />
that might appear after long term use can be fixed with simple handyman skills.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Edible coli - The core product</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli is a non-pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i></span> bacteria that is genetically modified. The bacteria is<br />
designed with a plasmid, containing the genes for OneProt and &omega;3 and &omega;6 fatty acid biosynthesis. The <br />
promoters are activated in the presence of cellulose. <br />
OneProt is a protein that includes all the essential and non essential amino acids in the right ratio <br />
recommended by WHO (World Health Organization). <br />
For those wanting Edible coli with taste, the bacteria is also available with a high expressed lemon flavor <br />
gene.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Safety</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator is a safe</span> and closed system and without any risk of bacterial infection. <br />
When Edible coli is transferred from the bacteria tank into the cellulose tank, the lid and tap are closed. <br />
Furthermore, before the end product is tapped from the tank, the entire contents of the cellulose tank is <br />
autoclaved, a process that kill bacteria and other micro-organisms. In that way, no living bacteria will ever <br />
escape out of the tank.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Customer base - who is supposed to buy the product</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Charitable organizations are the> main customers</span of the Nutrition Generator. They buy it for poor<br />
undernourished people who aren’t able to pay it themselves, as the organizations already have <br />
a connection to people of need. <br />
To get the product sold to charitable organizations it is important to draw attention to the many benefits <br />
of the product and especially to the fact, that the Nutrition Generator can save many lives with a single <br />
investment.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator is,</span> however, not only useful for undernourished poor people; all people in the world<br />
can benefit from the protein and fat rich product of the tank, and therefore also private consumers, public <br />
institutions and many more can be customers.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Key partners - with whom do we work</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Our main key partners</span> will be charity organizations, as these have a close connection to trouble spots in<br />
developing countries, as well as a good contact to supplier and social helpers. <br />
In addition we will work together with engineers, who can help us design and develop the product. <br />
At least specialized councils can help us solve ethical issues that might emerge.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Consumer - who is supposed to use the product</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">All people in the entire world</span> are possible consumers of the Nutrition Generator, but as long as people have<br />
access to other food sources, we don’t expect that they will consume GMO produced food. <br />
The target group is undernourished people in developing countries who don’t have the money and access <br />
to protein and fat rich food. But also vegans and vegetarians can benefit from this product, as it is a very <br />
good alternative protein and fat source, for those who don't eat animal products.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Demography - where shall our product be used</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The target place is</span> where people suffer from undernourishment. As mentioned above Africa, South-East<br />
Asia and Latin America are examples of such areas, where many inhabitants are poor and undernourished. <br />
The Nutrition Generator may with advantage also be used in crisis areas, e.g. war zones or areas <br />
affected by natural disasters. <br />
Furthermore, the product is also a great food source for private homes in high-income countries, where <br />
people can use the food product as a supplement to the diet.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Transport - how will our product reach the consumer</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To meet the main objective</span> of the Nutrition Generator, to provide a food source for poor and undernourished<br />
people in low-income countries, we need the help of charitable organizations that deliver and set up our <br />
product. Charities often send food and other items to developing countries, and as they know how to do so, <br />
they are our perfect partners in this field. <br />
Along with the product, there must also be a facilitator present, who can set up the product, and instruct <br />
consumers to the use and application of the product.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Funding - who will pay production and costs?</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The production of the</span> first Nutrition Generators needs funding by donation, as the target consumers are <br />
not able to pay for the product. We expect that the product will be a great success so that, after a while, <br />
also well-nourished people, who have access to many different food sources, will buy the product and thus <br />
contribute to the production costs.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Competitors</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator is the first</span> product of its kind and there are no similar products, but products within the same category exist. The international marked offers a wide variety of protein powders that provide <br />
the consumer with many nutritional proteins. They are great products, but we don’t see any potential for this to <br />
be a food source for undernourished poor people. Protein powders are produced synthetically and must be <br />
available in big amounts to cover the daily needs and a new quantity must be delivered very often. It is impossible to deliver protein powder to all undernourished people <br />
in the world, as there a too many (805 millions in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">2012-2014</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
(Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics.<br />
<a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a><br />
</span>), and it would be very expensive. <br />
Furthermore, protein powder needs to be dissolved in a liquid media, which is often insufficient for poor <br />
people.<br><br />
Our OneProt protein, which is produced in the Nutrition Generator, is produced by bacteria that can <br />
reproduce themselves. A Nutrition Generator only need to be delivered once and will afterwards produce <br />
protein and fat rich food, by cheap and easy accessible materials.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Marketing - our promises to the costumer</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The Nutrition Generator can supply</span> the consumer with proteins and fats, food sources that all people need. Everyone can be a consumer of the product, and it is usable with and without electricity, which <br />
gives the product multiple applications. <br><br />
We promise our customers a sustainable product that has a very low cost of operation by the use of <br />
materials that are non-degradable by humans and available all over the world. <br />
Furthermore the use is safe, as no living bacteria will ever escape from the tank, and as the media is <br />
autoclaved before the product is eaten. <br><br />
We see a great potential for the Nutrition Generator, an easy usable and cheap product that can save many <br />
lives.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour51Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour512014-10-18T01:50:08Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
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<html><br />
<h3> An expert opinion </h3><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Outreach in Ghana</h4><br />
<p><br />
<div class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:450px"><br />
<table><br />
<tr><br />
<td><p><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Facts about Ghana</font></b></p></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Geographic location:</font></b></td><br />
<td>Coastal country of West Africa</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Population:</font></b></td><br />
<td><span class="sourceReference"> 25,366,000</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Population under 15 years:</font></b></td><br />
<td><span class="sourceReference">38.59 %</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Nutritional status of children:</font></b></td><br />
<td>28% are stunted, 9% wasted and 14% <span class="sourceReference"> underweight.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Diet:</font></b></td><br />
<td>Starchy roots, fruit and edible <span class="sourceReference"> grains.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Coverage needs (micronutrients and vitamins):</font></b></td><br />
<td>Primarily iodine and <span class="sourceReference"> vitamin A.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><b><font color="rgb(0,70,132)">Causes of mortality:</font></b></td><br />
<td>Bad access to health services, safe water and sanitation. High incidence of Malaria. <span class="sourceReference"> Malnutrition.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana.<br />
<a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">When generating nutrition made of bacteria</span> our team pointed it's contribution to the considerable task of<br />
providing accurate nutrient to developing countries. The contradiction between a common opinion of how <br />
food is produced and finding a solution to obtaining food in the future has been a key issue to our <br />
project. Furthermore, the ethical and social aspects to our project are decisive to include.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">This means that we have considered</span> what good research is. Good research includes the common opinion<br />
in society, and for this reason outreach in Ghana provided us with different standpoints to our <br />
project.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Interview with Dr. Yaa Difie-Osei:</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/22/2014SDUghana1.PNG" title="Dr. Yaa Difie-Osie from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/22/2014SDUghana1.PNG" style="width:320px" /><br />
Dr. Yaa Difie-Osie from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Senior Lecturer in Biochemistry,</span> Dr. Yaa Difie-Osei (Dr. Yaa), agreed to meet with our team member Anne, <br />
during her stay in the capital of Ghana, Accra, in August. The purpose was to talk about GMOs in relation <br />
to our Edible coli. The interview was held at the Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology <br />
at the University of Ghana in Legon. Dr. Yaa has previously worked at the university herself but is now retired <br />
from her position as lecturer. Dr. Yaa is still involved in <br />
the development of synthetic biology in Ghana as a member of the National Biosafety Committee of Ghana. <br />
The fact that Dr. Yaa has much experience regarding synthetic biology and at the same time is a member of <br />
the National Biosafety Committee makes her expertise significant to our project.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">When Dr. Yaa heard about</span> our iGEM project she expressed great interest and there was a clear <br />
understanding and acknowledgement of the concepts of iGEM. Dr. Yaa spoke very passionately of <br />
GMOs and made it clear that GMOs would be a considerable solution to malnutrition, which is a recurring <br />
motif in Ghana. As a member of the Safety Committee, Dr. Yaa had recently contributed to the approval of <br />
four GMO projects in Ghana. The four GMO projects include protein rich sweet potato and cotton with <br />
pesticides integrated into the genom (BT-cotton). The projects have got permits to do research but the research <br />
will be subject to strict rules concerning biosafety, management of risks in biochemistry and national <br />
<br />
<span class="sourceReference"> biosafety.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
A.A. Adenle et al.: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy. 2013:43,159-166.<br />
<a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<span class="intro">Dr. Yaa Spoke of GMO</span> as an important step forward. The positive effects of GMOs related to farmers and the general population of Ghana were among others the following:<br><br><br />
<b>Farmers:</b><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Reduction of chemicals in farming</li><br />
<li>Improvement of health</li><br />
<li>Saving time for the farmers</li><br />
<li>Saving tractor fuel, in relation to Green House Gasses.</li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<b>General population:</b><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Nutritional balance</li><br />
<li>Prevention of children suffering from malnutrition</li><br />
<li>Improvement of health</li><br />
<li>Reduction of intolerance. As an example lactose intolerance was given, where GMO could be<br />
accommodated by producing milk containing lactase, which is an enzyme one lacks when <br />
lactose <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> intolerant</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Swallow, D.M.: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance.<br />
Annu.Rev.Genet,2003.37:197-219.<br />
<a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<span class="intro">There is much focus on the fact</span> that child mortality has decreased due to improvement in<br />
<span class="sourceReference"> child health.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate<br />
<a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
Meanwhile the nutritional status of children in Ghana still remains a <br />
<span class="sourceReference"> challenge.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance.<br />
<a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
<img align="right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e4/2014SDUghana13.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
By introducing GMOs this issue could potentially be reduced. However, the ethical aspects of introducing <br />
GMOs as relief-aid for hunger or malnutrition must be subject to consideration, according to Dr. <br />
Yaa. Personally, Dr. Yaa did not think of GMO as unethical if the purpose was relief of hunger or <br />
malnutrition. However, it would be necessary to educate the population so that they would have a foundation for decisions regarding the use of GMOs as a nutrition source.<br />
Dr. Yaa mentioned the importance of considering indications producing genetically modified<br />
organism. The hypothetical GMO should have relevance in a way that promises improvement of lifestyle or <br />
brings good quality to something.<br />
Furthermore, it would be necessary to demonstrate the safety of the GMO. This would include risk <br />
assessments such as inspection of the organism when separated from its natural surroundings. It would <br />
additionally be crucial that the commercial releases were informative so that the consumers would receive <br />
the essential information.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">According to Dr Yaa</span> the objections to GMOs seen from a religious point of view could be a problem in the<br />
beginning but it would not persist. Consequently, development of GMOs would entail that the genes, which <br />
were used to modify the organisms, should be picked with concern. For instance, genes from a pig would <br />
cause a revolt coming from the religious community.<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Interview with Prof. George Armah</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUghana2.PNG" title="Professor George Armah (on the left) from the Noguchi memorial institute for medical research and Anne Katrine Kurtzhals (on the right) from our iGEM team."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUghana2.PNG" style="width:320px" /><br />
Professor George Armah (on the left) from the Noguchi memorial institute for medical research and Anne Katrine Kurtzhals (on the right) from our iGEM team.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Professor George Armah</span> (Prof. Armah) was head of the Electron Microscopy & Histopathology department <br />
at the Nuguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon. Currently Prof. Armah <br />
is the Master of Commonwealth Hall, University of Ghana, Legon.<br />
Prof. Armah has a lot of expert knowledge about the health profile of the Ghanaians as well as the condition <br />
of life in Ghana. For this reason, Prof. Armah was an interesting scientist to interview in connection with <br />
applications of Edible coli in malnourished countries.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Prof. Armah said that</span> he believe that the Edible coli could have potential in Ghana. The main issue would be to<br />
introduce the product as a new source of nutrition. According to Prof. Armah it would be crucial to include<br />
the Edible coli in the Ghanaian gastronomy. He sees it as unlikely that people will change their way of life. Therefore, GMOs should be incorporated into food such as sweet potato, rice etc.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Prof. Armah spoke of</span> two important aspects of malnutrition in Ghana:<br />
<ol><br />
<li>The spoilage of food was mentioned as an issue. In Ghana the access to food is not a<br />
problem. However, malnourishment is a persistent dilemma throughout the county. Depending on the geographical location, the people eat <br />
differently. In the southern part of Ghana, the population primarily eat fish and fufu. Fufu is a <br />
staple food made from the cassava plant and this is rich on carbohydrates. The population in the <br />
northern part of Ghana has lots of vegetables and chicken, and therefore they do not get the <br />
recommended ratio of &omega; fatty acids.</li><br />
<br />
<li>The second issue Prof. Armah spoke of was the traditional and cultural practices of Ghana. As mentioned,<br />
there are regional differences of food supply. Furthermore, human beings do not<br />
necessarily prioritize out of common sense but rather act in accordance with tradition and delight.</li><br />
</ol><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Prof. Armah illustrated his points with</span> the two aspects by giving examples from the northern part of Ghana. Traditionally children are forbidden to eat eggs, which is a contradiction to the fact that children particularly need good nutrition to encourage their <br />
<br />
<span class="sourceReference"> growth.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
The MAL-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to<br />
Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, <br />
Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-<br />
Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206.<br />
<a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
This tradition was based on a general attitude about children becoming impertinent when they were given<br />
nutrient-rich food. Another example from the northern part of Ghana was that most men would rather sell a chicken instead<br />
of eating it with the intention of buying alcohol. <br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Prof. Armah refered to the problems</span> considering malnourishment as localized. Cultural and educational<br />
practices where mentioned as issues in relation to the application of GMOs. According to Prof. Armah the <br />
rural areas of Ghana did not take interest in synthetic biology due to the lack of education.<br />
Objections to the use of synthetic biology were not linked to religion or culture according <br />
to Prof. Armah. Thereby GMOs might not be rejected based on religious and social reasons, but on the fact that the population might not embrace a foreign initiative.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<div class="imageGallery alignCenter"><br />
<br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/8/80/2014SDUghana7.PNG" title="Woman selling water in Volta region."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/94/2014SDUghana12.PNG"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f2/2014SDUghana3.PNG" title="Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f8/2014SDUghana8.PNG"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9f/2014SDUghana4.PNG" title="Nuguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/2014SDUghana9.PNG"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/41/2014SDUghana5.PNG" title="Local children at lake Bosuntwi."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/09/2014SDUghana10.PNG"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/48/2014SDUghana6.PNG" title="Market in Kumasi, Ghana."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/52/2014SDUghana11.PNG"></a><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
Pictures from Ghana.<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour31Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour312014-10-18T01:47:27Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
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<html><br />
<h3> Helping others </h3><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Collaborations </h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d4/2014SDUevents4.jpg" title="iGEM meet-up in London."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d4/2014SDUevents4.jpg" style="width:250px" /><br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">A very big part of iGEM</span> is collaborating with and helping other teams. The amount of great iGEM projects through time shows how important it is to work together and use previous projects and ideas to make new projects. This is exactly why it is a gold medal requirement to help another iGEM team, and why we have talked to a lot of other iGEM teams about our own and their ideas. To this end we have chosen to help two other iGEM teams with their projects. We attended a meet-up in London on the 1<sup>st</sup> and 2<sup>nd</sup> of September with a lot of UK iGEM teams and it was great to finally meet some of the other teams in the iGEM competition. This YSB ("Young Synthetic Biologists") meet-up was organized by SynBioSoc, supported by the Wellcome Trust and UCL and we want to thank them for allowing us to participate as the only non-UK team. We received important feedback on our project, poster and presentation and it was interesting to hear what the other teams had been doing. Our collaborations with other teams can be seen below. <br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Imperial College </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Imperial College has been exploring</span> how different iGEM teams deal with the fact that all communication and formal information is in English - especially iGEM teams who do not speak English as a native language. At the London meet-up we scheduled a Skype meeting with them where we helped them answer question about our experience with speaking and working with English.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> ETH Zurich </h4><br />
<div align="left"><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have helped the ETH Zurich iGEM team</span> with answering and distributing their survey, and as a thank you for getting over 50 answers on the survey for them, we have received this amazing badge:<br />
</p><br />
</div><br />
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</html>{{:Team:ETH_Zurich/human/survey/badge_gold|width=150px}}<html><br />
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{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour32Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour322014-10-18T01:46:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h3>Lab Journal</h3></td></tr><br />
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<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Insanity is doing the same thing over and over again and expecting different results." - <b>Albert Einstein</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 25 (16/6 - 22/6)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 16/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We started our work in the wet lab with a three days lab crash course. We learned basics, as running a PCR, and where we can find everything that is needed for working in the lab. In addition, we talked a lot about the project goals and the way of getting there.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reactions on TetR, both to include constitutive promoter, RBS and terminator, and to include the same elements, but remove LVA-tag, and on GFP generator to include Tet promoter, RBS and terminator.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR1: Const.P-RBS-TetR(-LVA)-term.<br><br />
PCR2: Const.P-RBS-TetR(+LVA)-term.<br><br />
PCR3: Tetp-RBS-GFP-term.<br />
</p> <br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 17/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="45%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> In the lab: The PCR reactions from yeasterday didn't work, so they were repeated. This time 50 µL PCR reaction were prepared. Gel purification was performed on the PCR products and the final concentration was measured by nanodrop.<br><br> <br />
<br />
We digested the products by using restriction enzymes, XbaI og SpeI. We detected that the plasmid was only linearized, meaning that only one restriction enzyme/restriction site was functional.<br><br><br />
<br />
We worked on the basics in the iGEM concept. We discussed the definitions of biobrick, basis part, composite part and devices. We learned the "Standard Assembly Method", it's condition, uses and limitations.<br><br><br />
<br />
We defined the conditions for our own device and started searching for the necessary parts in the iGEM registry.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 18/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We digested two plasmids, 161 and RFP, each with the enzymes XbaI and EcoRI. Unfortunately it didn’t work as expected, as XbaI did not cut. We made some control experiments to check this and concluded that one of the plasmids might miss the EcoRI restriction site.<br><br><br />
<br />
The results after running it on a gel shows that somethings wrong with the plasmid, 161, since Xbai doesn't digest it, but digests plasmid, RFP. Since EcoRI digests, we can conclude that there's something wrong with the plasmid's XbaI restriction site.<br><br><br />
<br />
Several control experiments with the XbaI enzyme was made - another borrowed Xbai enzyme was tested as well. Since the borrowed enzyme worked, the other was tossed out. Conclusion: We're buying a new one!<br><br><br />
<br />
We recieved lab safety training.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 20/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Team page and Notebook page added to the wiki.<br><br><br />
<br />
Two PCR reactions were made to amplify plasmids from the iGEM 2014 kit. The gel, that was run afterwards, showed bands in the right length. The bands were cut out and purified.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 21/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>All the pipettes were calibrated </p><br />
<p>A K12 MG1655 strain was plated out on agar, to colonize overnight, in order for us to produce more plasmid later on.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 22/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>One bacterial colony from the agar plate from yesterday was transferred to fluid LB media to amplify WT bacteria. <br />
TSB buffer was made.<br />
A transformation was made.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 26 (23/6 - 29/6)</h4></td></tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 23/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The transformation from yesterday has not been successful.</p><br />
<p>New plates with Ampicilin, Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol were made.</p><br />
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</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 25/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> A transformation was made.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 26/6</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The transformation from yesterday has been partly successful. One plate had no colonies. For the transformations that were successful an ON was made.</p><br />
<p>The cultures should be prepared for storage at -80°C tomorrow.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 27/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Freezing stocks were made out of the ON from yesterday. The samples were then stored at -80°C.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 28/6</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The non-successful transformation from Wednesday 25/6 was repeated.</p> <br />
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</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 29/6</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The transformation was partially successful. There were some, but very few, visible colonies on the agar plates. Two overnight cultures were prepared from one colony respectively.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 27 (30/6 - 6/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 30/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The overnight culture was not red, as expected, which means that something was wrong with the plasmid. Therefore a new overnight culture was prepared, so that a Colony PCR can be performed on the cultures. Furthermore an overnight culture was prepared of the wild type <i>E. coli</i> strain, so that it can be used for transformation tomorrow.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 1/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Today a Colony PCR was performed on the <i>E. coli</i> MG1655 strains with the plasmids: pSB1A3, pSB1C3, pSB1K3 and J04450 (also known as aza). The results showed that the constructs all had approximately the same weight, just below 1500 bp. This corresponds to the theoretical weight of the constructs, which is 1382 bp.</p> <br />
<br />
<p>The development of the construct used to produce lacI was commenced. This was done by first running Phusion PCR on lacI (BBa_I732100, Template 8A, Plate 3). The PCR product was then analysed on gel-electrophoresis and purified.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Transformation was performed on the plasmids pSB1C3 and pSB1K3 as the former transformation was unsuccessful. Furthermore transformation was also performed on the parts BBa_R0010 (lacP promoter) and BBa_E0840 (GFP coding seq.). The transformed <i>E. coli</i> were put on agar plates with antibiotic according to their respective resistance. The plates were placed in the heating cabinet and should be examined for colonies tomorrow.</p><br />
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</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 2/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Because the PCR on lacI from yesterday yielded a low concentration, Phusion PCR was repeated today, where both the PCR product from yesterday and BBa_I732100 from iGEM were used as template. The results showed that the PCR product from yesterday was too short and still yielded a low concentration. While the PCR reaction with BBa_I732100 as template produced a higher concentration of lacI.</p><br />
<br />
<p>The transformation on the parts BBa_R0010 (lacP promoter) and BBa_E0840 (GFP coding seq.) from yesterday was unsuccesful so the experiment was repeated today.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Freezing stocks of <i>E. coli</i> with pSB1C3 and pSB1K3 were stored at -80°C. Each culture were mixed with 50% glycerol</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore fast digest on our 3 PCR products were made with XbaI and SpeI.</p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR 1 and 3 were ligated and PCR 2 and 3 were ligated.</p><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 3/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>Today the ligated PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 were purified by running them through a gel. The concentration of the purified constructs were measured by nano drop.</p><br />
<p>In order to create "sticky ends" on PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, the parts were fast digested. Also pSB1C3 was fast digested, so that it could be used as a backbone. The different fast digested parts were gel purified. PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 were then ligated to the backbone (pSB1C3).</p><br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was performed on a colony from the transformation from Wednesday 2/7 of the lacP promoter (BBa_R0010) and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840). The gel showed bands that were too long, therefore a new colony PCR was performed on a different colony. The results from the new colony PCR were the same as before, with the weight of GFP just above 1000 bp and the weight of lacP promoter just around 500 bp.</p><br />
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</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 4/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A miniprep was performed on the ON containing lacP promoter (BBa_R0010) and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840), and a freezing stock was made.</p><br />
<p>Furthermore a PCR was made on the products from the miniprep. Unfortunatly the PCR didn't work, as the gel didn't show any products.</p><br />
<p>Because the PCR didn't work we found the products from the iGEM kit from 2014 and made a new PCR.</p><br />
<p>This time the PCR worked and the products were gel purified and the concentrations meassured with NanoDrop.</p> <br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 5/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>PCR was preformed on LVA less GFP with tet promoter using primers yellow#8 and yellow#9. The PCR was purified using the gel purification SOP.</p><br />
<p>A digest was done on PCR products #11 and #12 in an attempt to ligate these. Ligation was done in 30 mins at RT whereupon the ligase was inactivated at 65 °C for 10 mins. Purification of the ligation product was done, diverging from the SOP and resulting in an unusable amount of product.</p><br />
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</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 6/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The lacP promoter (BBa_R0010)and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840) have been ligated but the concentration was low and therefore we made PCR on the product.</p><br />
<p>The PCR product was run on a gel. The band was hard to separate from other bands around the same length (1400bp). We cut out the right length and purified it. Nanodrop was measured. </p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR1 (consisting of template 2:2P) and PCR2 (consisting of template 2:2P) have both been fast digested with SpeI. PCR3 (consisting of template 2:24D) has been fast digested with XbaI. PCR1 and PCR3 were attempted ligated (for 30 min) and so were PCR2 and PCR3. These ligations did not show any bands around the expected length during gel purification. Two new ligations (of the same), with higher concentrations of digested PCR products, are reacting overnight.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 28 (7/7 - 13/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 7/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We realized that we have to step back in the process by inserting the different parts we want to ligate into a plasmid before ligating them to each other.</p><br />
<p>Therefore we started our day in the lab by doing a PCR reaction on PCR1 (consisting of template 2:2P) and PCR2 (consisting of template 2:2P). Unfortunately PCR2 didn't show the right band length when run on gel.</p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR was also done on the lacP promoter (BBa_R0010)and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840). The sequences machted the lenght seen on the gel. The band from the gel was cut out and purified.</p><br />
<p>PCR1, PCR3 and LacP were digested.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 8/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> The digested products from yesterday were purified.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore PCR on PCR 2 was repeated, this time with a gradient spanding from 53°C - 58°C. Our results were good this time.<br />
The products were purified and their concentrations were meassured with NanoDrop.</p> <br />
<br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 9/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> Tet construct: <br />
Plasmid pSB1C3 was concentrated before it was digested with the enzymes Xbai and SpeI. The plasmid was ligated with digested PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3.</p><br />
<br />
Lac Construct:<br />
<li>Pcon_rbs_LacI(withoutLVA)_term, BBa_C0012, was digested with EcoRI and SpeI</li><br />
<li>GFP, BBa_E0840 in plasmid has beed ligated</li><br />
<li>LacP, BBa_R0010, was ligated with our C part in plasmid</li><br />
<br />
</p>The ligated products were transformed.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 10/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The transformation from yesterday was successful. Colony PCR was performed on all transformations. The result showed that part B (Bba_R0010) and C (Bba_E0840) had been ligated successfully. Unfortunately nothing could be seen on the gel with regard to PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3. Therefore a new colony PCR was performed on different colonies with PCR1, PC2 and PCR3. The gel showed no or no proper bands, so we concluded, that a religation must have happened.<br />
Therefore we checked our enzymes by digesting pSB1C3. Here we could conclude that something must be wrong with XbaI, as it does not cut.</p><br />
</p> An ON was made containing BC construct.</p> <br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 11/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> XbaI was doublechecked and we found out, that the enzyme does not cut when using the green Fast Digest buffer.</p> <br />
<br />
<p>We puridied our PCR1 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term) and PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840) and digested these while using the colorless buffer. <br />
Furthermore PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3 were amplified by a PCR reaction.</p><br />
<br />
</p>ON containing BC contruct was miniprepped and run on a gel together with C in plasmid. The length of the bands were compared and seemed appropiate. <br />
Anyway, to be sure, a PCR was made on the BC construct. This time the gel showed too short bands, which could mean, that the C in plasmid has religated. We conclude that this must have happened because of the enzyme XbaI, that did not cut in green buffer, but was used on this construct before. Therefore C in plasmis was digested again and ligated with B.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 12/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>Ligation of our digested product, PCR 1 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term), PCR2 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040_term) and PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840), into a backbone, pSB1C3. Ligation of B(LacP, BBa_R0010) and C (GFP, BBa_E0840) construct into pSB1C3.</p><br />
<p>Transformation of PCR 1(Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term),PCR2 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040_term), PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840) and BC (LacP, BBa_R0010 + GFP, BBa_E0840) into <i>E. coli</i>.</p> <br />
<p>An ON containing plasmid pSB1C3 was made.</p> <br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 13/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The ON containing pSB1C3 from yesterday was miniprepped.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 29 (14/7 - 20/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 14/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>ON culture containing wild type <i>E. coli</i> from freezing stock was made.</p><br />
<br />
<p>The agar plates with our transformated plasmids from Saturday showed colonies with different colors.<br />
Colony PCR was made on the colonies that seemed to have worked and were afterwards ran on gel. The bands had the right length. Furthermore single colony plate streaking was made on the same colonies, that were used for Colony PCR.</p><br />
<p>B and C in plasmid, and PCR1, PCR2, PCR3 and pSB1C3 were ligated and afterwards transformed.</p> <br />
<p>A PCR was run on PCR1, PCR2 and B (lacI).</p><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 15/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A mini-prep was made. This was not successful, therefore a new ON was made.</p><br />
<br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 16/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A mini-prep was made on the ON cultures from yesterday (PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR3 and B+C in plasmid). The concentrations were not high enough to be sent to sequencing. The samples were therefore placed in the centrifugal evaporator to increase the concentration.</p><br />
<p>A new ON culture of these strains is prepared, in case that something goes wrong</p><br />
<p>Also the ordered parts from iGEM arrived today, and these were plated on agar plates with the appropriate antibiotics and placed in the incubator.</p><br />
<p>B construct in plasmid was digested with EcoRI and XbaI. The band on the gel was at the right length. The gel was cut out and purified.</p><br />
<p>New plates containing antibiotics were made.</p><br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 17/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<p>The plasmids that were prepared yesterday (PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR 3 and B+C) were digested today with:</p><br />
<li>PCR 1: EcoRI + SpeI</li><br />
<li>PCR 2: EcoRI + SpeI</li><br />
<li>PCR 3: EcoRI + XbaI</li><br />
<li>B+C: EcoRI + XbaI</li><br />
<p>The products were then run on gel, cut out and purified and furthermore the concentration was meassured with NanoDrop. <br />
<p>PCR1 and PCR2 were ligated with PCR3, and BC and B were ligated with A. All plasmids were transformed.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore the plasmids with PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR 3 and B+C were prepared to be sent to Eurofins for DNA sequencing.</p><br />
<p>As mentioned yesterday a ON-culture was prepared. The culture was attempted mini-prepped, but the mini-prep was not successful. Consequently a new ON-culture was prepared today.</p><br />
<p>The parts from iGEM that were plated yesterday, were today prepared for ON-culture, so that a freezing stock can be made tomorrow.</p> <br />
</td><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 18/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We prepared a freezing stock of the parts we had ordered and received from iGEM, and the remaining sample from the ON culture used for the freezing stocks, was miniprepped and catalogued. </p><br />
Some of the minipreps, were prepared with a wash buffer not containing any ethanol, and therefore we has miserable results. New ON cultures of those was prepared.</p><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 19/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The ON cultures of the iGEM parts from yesterday, were miniprepped with fine results.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was performed on the cultures transformed with PCR1+3, PCR2+3, ABC and AB. There were no colonies on one of the plates (AB-part).</p><br />
<p>Plate streaking was performed on each colony taken for colony PCR.</p> <br />
<p>At first sight the results from the colony PCR seems to suggest that something went wrong during the digestion or ligation, since only re-ligations seems to be present.</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 20/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>As we were not successful in transforming the samples from Saturday 19/7 a new batch was initiated.<br />
So PCR1, 2, and 3 and furthermore B and BC were digested, ligated, and transformed.</p> <br />
<p>In accordance with our decision to make the nutrient producing strain taste good transformations of parts; I742111 (RBS+limonene synthase), K118024 (dsx+LIMS1+appY), J23119 (constitutive promoter), and B0015 (double terminator) was commenced. These are going to constitute the construct for producing lemon taste and scent.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 30 (21/7 - 27/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 21/7</h5></td></tr><br />
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<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was made on the transformations from yesterday. We concluded that the transformation not have been successful. Therefore we went back and made new digestions.</p> <br />
<p>ON cultures containing J23119, I742111, K118024, Lac promoter and pSB1AT3 were made.</p> <br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 22/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
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<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Minipreps were made on the ON cultures from yesterday.</p><br />
<p>The digested products from yesterday were ligated and transformed.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 23/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Today we ran colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday. A single colony plate streaking was made for each colony that was used for Colony PCR.</p><br />
<p>J23119 and K118024 were ligated and J23119 and I742111 were ligated.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 24/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>We recieved a delta 12 desaturase from Julius Fredens today, it is a Fat2 desaturase originating from C. elegans, we are planing on testing it and we might add it to the iGEM parts registry since it does not seem to be registered.</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 25/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Over night cultures have been made for (started at 3:30 PM):<br />
<li>PCR 1</li><br />
<li>PCR 2</li><br />
<li>PCR 3</li><br />
<li>B</li><br />
<li>C</li><br />
<li>BC</li><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
<p> To check that we have the correct lenghts of our PCR1,2,3 and part A,B,C & BC, we ran a PCR. This did not work, so we repeated the PCR this time with a Tm on 51 degrees. The products with a length on 1000 bp and lower got 15 sec. at step 4, and the products with lengths over 1000 bp got 30 sec.<br />
<p>/Camilla</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 26/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Miniprep has been made of the ON cultures from 25/7 (these can be used for cloning later on):<br />
<li>PCR 1</li><br />
<li>PCR 2</li><br />
<li>PCR 3</li><br />
<li>B</li><br />
<li>C</li><br />
<li>BC</li><br />
</p><br />
<p>PCR reactions of PCR 1, 2 and 3 was made from different templates, these are to be purified tomorrow.</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
Gradient PCR was ran on part A with lac_LVAR & lac_LVA_F as primers. 2,5 uL template & 31 uL water. Tm graient at 51-70 deg. with 5 samples. PCR program: 1: 98 deg., 2 min. 2: 98 deg., 10 sec. 3: 51-70 deg., 30 sec. 4: 72 deg., 45 sec. 5: GO TO 2 rep 30. 6: 72 deg., 5 min.<br />
After running the PCR on a gel, no clear, correct bands showed. This was due to the primers, which had a too high concentration, thus they were diluted.<br />
<p> After the dilution, a touch down PCR was made, starting at 66 deg. going 1 deg. lower per cycle for 10 cycles, thus ending at 56 deg. A gel showed a clear band with the correct bands. In order for us to have a high enough concentration of PCR1 & PCR2 for ligation, we ran a PCR with the program: 1:98 deg., 2 min. 2: 98 deg., 10 sec. 3: 50 deg., 30 sec. 4: 72 deg., 2 sec. 5: GO TO 2 rep 30. 6: 72 deg., 5 min.<br />
<p> after running a gel with the PCR products, bands showed with the wrong lenghts that wasn't religation. Thus we concluded that the PCR1 and PCR2 used was incorrect.<br />
<p> Due to this, we ran a PCR on all of our PCR1,2,3 products with verification primers, to check wether they had the correct lengths, which they luckily had.<br />
<br />
<p>/Anne, Sarah & Camilla</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 27/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>PCR products made yesterday has been purified, this was PCR 1, 2 and 3 from different templates.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of BBa_I742111, with S+P, BBa_K118024, with X+P, BBa_B0015, with X+P, and pSB1C3 with BBa_J23119, with S+P and FastAP. Followed by ligation of digested BBa_J23119 with digested BBa_I742111, BBa_K118024 and BBa_B0015 respectively.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
The Lac construct (ABC) and A-plasmid (LacI) has been digested: PCR A with E+R, BC-plasmid with E+S, and A-plasmid with E+S. FastAP were added for digestion of the backbones. 30 min. digest.<br><br />
This was followed by purification and measurement of the concentration by nanodrop.<br><br><br />
<br />
The Tet construct has been digested: PCR1 with E+S, PCR2 with E+S, and PCR3 in plasmid with E+X and FastAP. 30 min. digest, followed by purification and nanodrop.<br><br><br />
<br />
Following has ligated:<br><br />
PCR A + pSB1C3<br><br />
PCR A + BC-plasmid<br><br />
PCR1 + PCR3<br><br />
PCR2 + PCR3<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition a new TSB buffer was made.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 31 (28/7 - 3/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 28/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p><br />
The plasmid of BBa_J23119 has been checked to find out, if we took the wrong template. Thus the template: plate 3: 17O has been transformed.<br><br><br />
The ligations from yesterday has been transformed as well.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of PCR1, PCR3 and BC-plasmid has been made earlier. Overnight cultures from these transformations has been miniprepped and saved as freezing stock.<br><br><br />
<br />
Further, BBa_J23119 has been transformed to save as freezing stock as well.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
<br />
tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 29/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Results from Transformations:<br><br />
PCR A + pSB1C3: Red cultures, high growth - colony PCR shows the expected: Religations!<br><br />
PCR A + BC-plasmid: White cultures (fine) - colony PCR shows the right length<br><br />
BBa_J23119: White cultures - overnight culture for miniprep tomorrow has been made.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 31/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The overnight culture of J23119 has been miniprepped and saved as product.<br><br />
Since there's no more PCR3 product, an overnight culture of bacterial cells, containing this in plasmid, has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 1/8 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The overnight culture of PCR3 has been miniprepped, nanodropped and saved as product. The concentration were too low though - the sample was run in speedy vac.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR1-plasmid with E+S, PCR2-plasmid with E+S, and PCR3-plasmid with E+X.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, freezing stocks has been made, of BBa_I742111, BBa_K118024, BBa_B0015, BBa_J23119 and Fat2 (&Delta;12 desaturase).<br><br><br />
<br />
The results from the earlier digests run on a gel showed no PCR3 product, why another gel was run with same PCR3, not digested, to see, if there's no DNA in the sample solution. This showed no bands. An overnight culture has been made from freezing stock of the same PCR3 sample, to investigate, if something's wrong with the freezing stock.<br><br><br />
<br />
The digested PCR1 and PCR2 had the right lengths and has thus been purified.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 2/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The sequencing data of PCR3 from specific freezing stock sample, showed that the GFP generator has the wrong direction - wrong ligation links of X-X and S-S (X-S and S-X).<br><br><br />
<br />
To make a new PCR3 construct, PCR on template: plate 4: 11P, 2014, BBa_E0840, was made, since the template was a pSB1A3 backbone. The product was run on a gel. The bands showed the right length, and the product was thus purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
pSB1C3 has been digested with S+X and FastAP - reaction for 1 hour. The reaction was run on a gel, and the right band (around 2000 bp) has been purified. In addition, the new PCR3 has been digested as well, with X+S, and purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Following ligations has been made:<br />
<li>J23 + I74</li><br />
<li>J23 + K11</li><br />
<li>pSB1C3 + PCR3</li><br><br><br />
<br />
PCR3-template has been transformed, like the ligations above.<br><br><br />
<br />
Also, a digestion of the constitutive promoter, J23119, with S+P, has been made. This was run on a gel, and the right band (2000 bp) was purified.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 3/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"><br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 32 (4/8 - 10/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 4/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of pSB1C3 with S+X and FastAp, which is needed as backbone for PCR3. This has been run on a gel and the right band was purified. <br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight cultures of single colony plate streaks from yesterday's colony PCR has been made. Also, a freezing stock of new PCR3 template.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on a single little, beautiful, green flourescent culture from the transformation of PCR3 from 2/8. Three types:<br><br />
<li>With VF2 and VR</li><br />
<li>With VF2 and specific reverse primer</li><br />
<li>With VF2 and specific forward primer</li><br />
To show if the culture contains PCR3 and if it's in the right direction.<br><br><br />
<br />
Damnit, nothing!<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
BC-plasmid digested with E+S<br><br />
I74 digested with E+S<br><br />
BBa_B0015 digested with E+X<br><br />
PCR3 digested with X+S<br><br><br />
<br />
Right bands on gel has been purified.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 5/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of PCR3 with pSB1C3, J23/I74 and J23/K11 with B0015-plasmid.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformations of ligations above.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 6/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday. This showed the expected lengths.<br><br />
/Daniel and Victoria<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 7/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight cultures from single colony plate streaks of the colonies used for colony PCR yesterday.<br><br><br />
<br />
Every earlier product containing PCR3 has been thrown out, since the new PCR3 in plasmid has the right length and direction, we won't risc mixing it up with old products with wrong directions.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
The new PCR3 has been miniprepped and digested with E+X and FastAP. Meanwhile, a new colony PCR on the transformation of PCR3 from 5/8 was made again, just to make extra sure that the PCR3 constuct was right.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of PCR1 + PCR3 and PCR2 + PCR3.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations above has been transformed.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 8/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The transformations were shit. Nothing worked. Either we have used the wrong strain, or something's wrong with the antibiotica plates.<br><br />
New primer stocks has been made.<br><br />
JIB and JKB has been miniprepped.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of C-plasmid with X+P and digest of B-plasmid with S+P and FastAP. Only the B digest was purified, and digestion og C was made again - still didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture of Fat2, which will be miniprepped tomorrow.<br><br />
A new PCR3 product has been made with new primers.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the same ligations from yesterday.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, a new PCR on PCR3 template has been made with the new primers, and on A template with the new primers. PCR3 was purified from gel - PCR A didn't work.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR3 with X+P (since the new primers contain a P-site), PCR1 with S+P, and PCR2 with S+P. These three digests were pusified. <br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of PCR1+3 and PCR2+3 - transformation of these ligations.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 9/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Plating of WT on Cm plate from 8/8 didn't show any colonies, so there's probably nothing wrong with the plates.<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of the new PCR3, JIB and JKB has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Fat2 has been miniprepped and the concentration was measured by nanodropping.<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformations from yesterday showed neon green colonies on all the plates, also the control plates. Colony PCR has been made - this showed wrong bands, and the transformations thus didn't work.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on A, C and Fat2 has been made - only Fat2 showed product on a gel and was purified.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of C-plasmid with X+P. Was run on gel and purified.<br><br />
Ligation of C-part in B-plasmid.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, an overnight culture of PCR3 template has been made (GFP generator).<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR, once again, on A with new primers - once again, failed!<br><br />
/Daniel <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 10/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight culture on pSB1C3 and GFP generator. <br><br />
Digest of Fat2 with X+P, and pSB1C3 with X+P and FastAP.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
New colony PCR on transformation of PCR1+3 and PCR2+3. This showed the right lengths in some of the colonies.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Gradient PCR on A with diluted primers - didn't work.<br><br />
Touch down PCR on A - didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of CB-plasmid and Fat2 in pSB1C3.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 33 (11/8 - 17/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 11/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 overnight cultures.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 12/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from 10/8 - both Fat2 and BC construct showed the right lengths.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 13/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on single colony plate streak from transformation of BC construct. The colonies from the single colony plate streak were neon yellow. Some of the bands had the right length, and overnight cultures has been made from these, so feezing stock can be made and miniprep can be sequenced.<br><br><br />
<br />
New solutions of specifik primers from stock has been made, and PCR reactions on the same A template, with old and new primers, has been made to test the new primers.<br><br />
- THE NEW PRIMERS WORK! And the old primers has been tossed out - accidently the gel was tossed out during the exitement as well.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of Fat2 with X+P<br><br />
Digest of pSB1C3 with X+P and FastAP<br><br />
- Fat2 is too long and has to be digested again.<br><br />
- The length of pSB1C3 matches, and the product has been purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Once again, another PCR reaction on A - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on Fat2 - product has been gel pruified, digested with X+P, and purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture of single colony plate streak from transformation of BC has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on three different templates of A with new primers - every reaction worked and has been purified from the gel.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition to this, template plasmid of A has been transformed to amplify this.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of digested Fat2 with pSB1C3 - this ligation has further been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 14/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight culture with BC has been miniprepped and freezing stock has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A with E+S and BC-plasmid with E+X and FastAP. This has been run on a gel and purified from this.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on transformation of Fat2 - the bands has the right length on the gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
BC has been sent for sequencing.<br><br><br />
<br />
We have recieved USER primers.<br><br />
Overnight cultures of Top10 with pET::PfuX7 plasmid and BL21(DE3)pLysS has been made, for the protein purification of USER polymerase.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A with BC - this ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 15/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of Top10 with pET::PfuX7 plasmid and BL21(DE3)pLysS has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture on the single colony plate streak from the transformation of Fat2 has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of A-plasmid has been miniprepped and made freezing stock of.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC transformations - some had yellow colonies, but many had white. The gel showed that many of the colonies contained the right length (2508 bp).<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 16/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON culture of Fat2 fra 15/8 has been miniprepped and made freezing stock of. On monday, these has to be sent for sequencing.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on PCR3 - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
ON on the ABC single colony plate streak from 16/8 has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 17/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of the ON on ABC from yesterday has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
The rest of the ON has been miniprepped.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of Top10 BL21 with pET::pfuX7 has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of BL21 (DE3) plysS, Cm, and Top10 with pET::pfuX7, Amp, has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
pSB1C3 containing bacterial cells has been plated Amp/Cm, to investigate, if Amp works.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR reaction on PCR3 template. The product has been purified from gel and digested with X+P. This has been ligated with PCR1 and PCR2 respectively, both as backbone, digested with S+P. (This PCR2 has been shown to have the right sequence).<br><br />
/Ulrika <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 34 (18/8 - 24/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 18/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformation of the ligations from yesterday.<br><br />
Two transformation were made, due to stupid mistakes.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition pSB1C3, digested with X+P, has been ligated with PCR3, digested with X+P.<br><br />
This ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 19/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR and single colony plate streaking on and from the transformations from yesterday - all transformations from yesterday showed to be successful!<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 20/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A SDS buffer has been made.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of BC-plasmid with E+X - was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A: E+S, with BC-plasmid: E+X, newly digested by Camilla because of mutations in the old BC construct.<br><br />
This ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of PCR1/3, PCR2/3 and PCR3 has been made - taken from single colony plate streaks.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 21/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock on ON of PCR1/3, PCR2/3 and PCR3-plasmid.<br><br />
These ONs has also been miniprepped.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC - showed a little success.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A with E+S for 20 min. - has been purified.<br><br />
Ligation of this with BC.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 22/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A forgotten control of the ligation from yesterday has been made.<br><br />
- Trasnformation of the ABC ligations.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 23/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
BC from two different templates has been digested again, with X+E - only one of the digestions worked. This has been purified from gel and ligated with A: E+S.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
New Cm plates has been made and the ligation above has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 24/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformation of ABC - several of the colonies showed to contain the right length (2660 bp).<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 35 (25/8 - 31/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 25/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
New colony PCR on ABC single colony plate streaks from yesterday - one colomy was correct, and ON has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 26/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
From the ON of ABC, freezing stock has been made and miniprep has been sent to sequencing.<br><br />
/Martin <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 27/8(</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Preparation for iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 28/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Different cultures (8 ON) has been made ready for FACS:<br><br />
2 x WT, 2 x PCR3, 2 x PCR1/3, and 2 x PCR 2/3.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of JKB has been made for miniprep tomorrow.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 29/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ONs of JIB, JKB and J23119 has been miniprepped.<br><br />
Digest of JIB and JKB with X+P, and of J23119 with S+P and FastAP - all was purified from gel.<br><br />
Ligation of JIB+J23119 and JKB+J23119 has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
We got <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> on two plates. An ON of this has been made for freezing stock tomorrow.<br><br />
PCR reaction on <i>B. subtilis</i> has been made - didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 30/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of <i>B. subtilis</i> has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 31/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Off to London!<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 36 (1/9 - 7/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 1/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 2/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 3/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Back to Denmark!<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 4/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of JKB, since there was no more left - purified from gel.<br><br><br />
<br />
New colony PCR on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 5/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ONs of BBa_K1027001 (&Delta;9 desaturase), BBa_K1027002 (&Delta;12 desaturase), BC construct and Fat2, to be used for USER cloning.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 6/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON on ABC, sequenced, maybe correct, to use for A as backbone for USER cloning.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR with phusion polymerase on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work!<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 7/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ON of ABC construct - speedy vaced for higher concentration.<br><br><br />
<br />
USER PCR on A-backbone, B and &Delta;9 desaturase - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of ligations from 6/8(?), of JIB and JKB.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 37 (8/9 - 14/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 8/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work! But we now know why: This strain of <i>B. subtilis</i> doesn't contain the gene we were looking for (which was &Delta;15 desaturase).<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
New USER PCR on A-backbone, B and &Delta;9 desaturase, under new conditions - didn't work! There were no bands on the gel, only a wierd-looking one for the PCR on &Delta;9 desaturase, which was 1000 bp too small.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON on transformations of JIB + JKB from yesterday.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 9/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ON of JIB and JKB from yesterday.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on BBa_1732100 (LacI template) for new A product, since the sequence data from the old one wasn't correct. This was purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 10/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of PCR2 and PCR3 with S+P and X+P, respectively - prified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A from yesterday, with E+P, and pSB1C3 with E+P and FastAP - This was purified (pSB1C3 from gel).<br><br />
Ligation of these two products, followed by transformation.<br><br><br />
<br />
Furthermore, A has been digested with E+S, and BC-plasmid with E+X and FastAP - this was purified (BC from gel).<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A+BC and PCR2+PCR3, followed by transformation.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
USER gradient PCR on A-backbone, B, &Delta;9 desaturase, &Delta;12 desaturase and Fat2 (&Delta;12 desaturase). This didn't show any bands on the gel. Damnit!<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 11/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Colony PCR on single colony plate streaks from the transformations of PCR2/3, A-plasmid and ABC. No bands showed on gel - something is wrong with the conlony PCR?<br><br />
/Anne and Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 13/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
USER PCR on Fat2, &Delta;12, &Delta;9 and B. The reaction run as a gradient PCR - this didn't work. Only a mysterious and weak band at around 2000 bp shows for all the reactions.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on an empty pSB1C3 vector, ABC, A and PCR2/3 - from the single colony plate streaks from 11/9 - this didn't show any bands on the gel.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR1 and -2 with S+P and self-designed protein with X+P - PCR1 and -2 was purified from gel and the protein didn't show any bands.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein was digested again, with a bigger amount of DNA - the product was purified from gel and ligated with PCR1 and -2, respectively. <br><br><br />
<br />
A new colony PCR on the transformations of the empty vector, ABC, A-plasmid and PCR2/3 was made - this didn't show any bands. Again!<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 14/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A new attempt on USER PCR on &Delta;9, once again with a gradient - and once again, it didn't work. (The results are like earlier, with a mysterious band at 2000 bp).<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Since colony PCR hasn't been working lately, 5 different MyTaq mixes was tested. They all worked, some better than others(?) At the same time, it showed that PCR2/3 had the right length - ON of this has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 38 (15/9 - 21/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 15/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of A in plasmid (A with E+P and pSB1C3 with E+P) and ABC (A with E+S and BC with E+X) - the same as on 10/9. These ligations has been transformed, as well as PCR1-protein, PCR2-protein and J23119-(new lemon flavor template).<br><br><br />
<br />
Furthermore, WT has been plated on Cm plates, since ABC and A transformations didn't work over the weekend - we're checking WT!<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on A - didn't work!<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Another attempt on USER PCR on &Delta;9 - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the ligations from today.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 16/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of PCR2/3 was contaminated, so a new one was made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC, A-plasmid and J23119 transformations - all had the correct length on the gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 18/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR reaction on three different A templates. Both with old and new solution of primers, and old and new dNTP solutions. Two of the products showed the right length on gel and has been saved as products.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest og S with E+S, and digest of J23 with P+S, which has been purified and saved as products.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 19/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnigth culture of bacteria containing the protein sequence has been diluted to an OD ~0.2 and induced with 1000x inducer. This has been standing in 4 hours.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on IB and KB (lemon flavour) with verification primers. This showed the right lengths on a gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of two different PCR A with E+S - this has been purified and saved as products. <br><br />
Ligation of ABC constructs with three different A products: ABC1, ABC2 and ABC3, respectively.<br><br />
These ligations has been transformed,<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 20/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON on BC product has been made, and freezing stock of ON of PCR2/3.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC transformations and an empty pSB1C3 vector. ABC2 and -3, and the empty vector showed the right bands on a gel.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 21/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR1 and -2 has been digested with S+P and FastAP. The protein ON has been miniprepped and digested with X+P.<br><br><br />
<br />
J23 has been digested with S+P and FastAP. IB and KB has been digested with X+P.<br><br><br />
<br />
A has been digested with E+S. BC has been digested with E+X and FastAP.<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein and IB didn't show usable bands on a gel, and has been digested again.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of IB has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations:<br />
<li>PCR1+protein</li><br />
<li>PCR2+Protein</li><br />
<li>J23+KB</li><br />
<li>A+BC</li><br />
<br><br />
This has been transformed, as well as the miniprep of A and the protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of ABC1, -2, and -3, and an empty vector.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 39 (22/9 - 28/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 22/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of IB and pSB1C3 has been digested, both with X+P. Reaction for 30 min. - this has been purified from gel and saved as products.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations:<br><br />
<li>Protein+pSB1C3</li><br />
<li>Protein+PCR1</li><br />
<li>IB+J23</li><br />
<br><br />
Furthermore, an ON of WT has been made.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 23/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of odor free <i>E. coli</i> strain for IMS.<br><br />
ON of protein for maxiprep.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 24/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The Tet promoter, template BBa_R0040, has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Maxiprep of the protein sequence has been made, and this was speedy vaced for higher concentration.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR with phusion polymerase on <i>Synechocystis</i> sp1608 has been made, to take out the &Delta;15 gene - this didn't work!<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of the ABC Martin transformed, and ON of another ABC.<br><br />
First ABC has been miniprepped.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 25/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ONs of ABC, JIB and JKB - these has been sent for sequencing.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of protein with E+P and pSB1C3 with E+P - this was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 26/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of the protein with backbone.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the ligation above.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of Tet promoter has been repeated.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 27/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformations of the protein look a bit suspicious! There's no colonies on the control plate, which is good. But since the colonies on the other plates are all red, we expect it to be religations.<br><br />
Colony PCR on the transformations shows religations as well.<br><br />
Colony PCR on transformations of Tet, on the other hand, shows the right lengths.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of protein and pSB1C3, both with E+P and X+P (one of each). This has been purified from gel. <br><br />
Protein, E+P, has been ligated with pSB1C3, E+P, has been ligated, and protein, X+P, has been ligated with pSB1C3, X+P. This has been transformed as well.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 28/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday showed all successful ligations and transformations.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of Tet promoter has been miniprepped and digested with S+P and FastAP. The protein has been digested with X+P. This has been ligated.<br><br><br />
<br />
IB and KB has both been digested with X+P and ligated with the digested Tet promoter.<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR reaction on pBad failed.<br><br><br />
<br />
The ligations has been trasnformed.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 40 (29/9 - 5/10)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 29/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of the single colony plate streaks from the colony PCRs from yesterday has been made to make freezing stock tomorrow - two different protein-pSB1C3.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday has been made. Some of the results looked a bit strange, but ON has been made of Tetp-protein, Tetp-IB and Tet-KB.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 30/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR on the protein with primers to make basic part, and on TetR(no LVA) to make basic part. This showed the wrong bands, but the primers seemed to anneal. Very wierd!<br><br><br />
<br />
A new PCR reaction has been prepared to run overnight.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 1/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The PCR from yesterday agai showed the wrong bands on a gel. But we found out why: The stock primers used wasn't dissolved! A new gradient PCR reaction has been made and every temperature showed product of both protein and TetR(no LVA) - this has been purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Daniel and Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein (basic part) has been digested with E+P, the TetR(no LVA) (basic part) has been digested with E+P, and pSB1C3 has been digested with E+P and FastAP. This was purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Protein and backbone has been ligated.<br><br />
TetR(no LVA) and backbone has been ligated.<br><br><br />
<br />
The ligations above has been transformed, as well as PCR3, PCR1/3, PCR2/3, ABC2 and A-plasmid.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 2/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of PCR1 and ABC.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Experiments with FACS was done - on the expression of GFP, regulated by Tet repressible promoter, with TetR with and without LVA-tag. But unfortunately, the spectrophotometer were acting a bit strange, and the OD became too high, before doxycycline was added.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob and Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of protein+pSB1C3 and TetR+pSB1C3 was made.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, new Cm stock was made and new LA plates with Cm.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
A new PCR on pBad was made - this didn't work!<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 3/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ONs of Fat2 and PCR1/3 was miniprepped and sent for sequencing.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of PCR3, PCR1/3, PCR2/3, A and ABC2 was made. <br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 4/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Gradient PCR on pBad - showed no bands on a gel.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
A new gradient PCR reaction was made, both with BC- and HF buffer. The reactions with BC buffer showed weak bands at all temperatures, which was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday showed some success - ON was made on ABC2 and A-plasmid.<br><br><br />
<br />
Something went wrong with the PCR maschine in wihch the colony PCR reactions for TetR and the protein was run. The product was all dried out when this was discovered. A new colony PCR with this was made, and also with new colonies from transformation of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, since the last result of these were pretty wierd. <br><br />
The new colony PCR showed succes for all 4 types.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of pBad with E+S, and IB and KB with E+X - this was purified. Both IB and KB was ligated with pBad (but every digest had very low concentration).<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 5/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of TetR, protein PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, single colony plate streaks from yesterday, has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Single colony plate streaks were made yesterday. Another colony PCR reaction was run on these, since it contained different cultures (white and green) - with VF2 and specifik reverse primer, and VR and specifik forward primer. The results showed that all colonies contained GFP, but not all contained TetR. ONs were made on 6 colonies, with and without doxycycline. <br><br />
Result: The colonies that were green before, was green in the ONs as well - with and without doxycycline.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 41 (6/10 - 12/10)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 6/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Western blotts on protein expression were made.<br><br />
/Victoria<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 9/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on single colony plate streaks of PCR3, PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, plated from freezing stock, which has been sequenced. Two reactions were made of each: One with specifik GFP forward primer and VR, and one with specifik TetR reverse primer and VF2. The gel showed that all contained GFP and PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 contained TetR, which was expected.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 11/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformation of TIB, TKB and Tetp-protein in odor free bacterial cells. The cells were transformed at OD600 = 0,3 with 0,5 µl of plasmid.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 12/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Most of the plates from yesterday, were covered in a carpet of bacteria, but we succeeded in extracting 4 single colonies from the edges of the plate of TIB and T-Prot.<br><br />
Colony PCR were performed on 4 colonies from each plate, and they were plated out on new Cm-plates. The colony PCR ran with VF2 and VR primers at 49 deg with 2.30 min elongation time. <br><br />
Something went wrong with the colony PCR and no bands were observed on the gel. Not even the usual primer dimers in the bottom. This indicates that either the primers, polymerase or the Cm-plates haven't been working.<br><br />
<br><br />
The primers were investigated by running a PCR on a mini-prepped plasmid with MyTaq polymerase. Bands were observed on the gel, which confirmes that neither the primers or the polymerase was faulty. <br><br />
<br><br />
A transformation on TIB, TKB and Tet-Prot into the odor free strain, YYC912, were performed once again.<br><br />
TIB: 0,25 µl and 0,50 µl<br><br />
TKB: 0,50 µl and 1,00 µl<br><br />
T-Prot: 0,50 µl and 1,00 µl<br><br />
<br><br />
Furthermore PCR 1/3 and PCR 2/3 were transformed again, as earlier this week, and it was sent to be sequenced. They were transformed into competent WT cells. They were all plated on a different batch of plates, than what was used last.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 13/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Double antibiotic plates were created with 30γ chloramphenicol and doxycycline at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ng/ml). PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3, PCR 3 and a WT w/ empty vector was plated on them. <br><br />
ON-cultures of WT, WT w/ empty vector, PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3 was prepared for a growth experiment the day after. Biological triplicates were created. <br><br />
/Martin<br><br />
<br><br />
Colony PCR was performed on the transformations from yesterday of TIB, TKB and Tet-Prot into the odor free strain, YYC912. The gel showed no real bands, and hence the tranforsmations didn't succeed.<br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 14/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Another growth experiment was started. Today with WT, WT w/ empty vector, PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3. This time we had moved the experiment to another part of the lab, and had no issues with dropping OD600 values.<br><br />
42 samples for western blot was prepared. Dublicates PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3 at 7 different doxycycline concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ng/ml).<br><br />
M9 minimal media was prepared, and ON-cultures of TIB, TKB, WT and the odor free strain YYC912 in the minimal media was put in the incubator with aeration.<br><br />
Furthermore, additional SDS-PAGE gels was created.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 15/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
We received 4 NGM plates for C. elegans. We smeared 1 ml of WT and Tet-Protein cultures on the plates, and let them set in the cabinet overnight.<br><br />
The ON-cultures from yesterday was run through our new IMS, and we are super excited to see the new data it can produce. Furthermore a double blinded scent test was performed on TIB, TKB, WT and YYC912 with people not aware of what the project was about.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 16/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
Another growth experiment, this time with our Protein and the odor free strain YYC912.<br><br />
A heatshock stress test was performed on C. elegans on the plates prepared yesterday.<br><br />
A western blot was prepared as well. <br><br />
/Martin<br />
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{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour32Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour322014-10-18T01:46:15Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
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<tr><td colspan="3"> <h3>Lab Journal</h3></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Insanity is doing the same things over and over again and expecting different results." - <b>Albert Einstein</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 25 (16/6 - 22/6)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 16/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We started our work in the wet lab with a three days lab crash course. We learned basics, as running a PCR, and where we can find everything that is needed for working in the lab. In addition, we talked a lot about the project goals and the way of getting there.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reactions on TetR, both to include constitutive promoter, RBS and terminator, and to include the same elements, but remove LVA-tag, and on GFP generator to include Tet promoter, RBS and terminator.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR1: Const.P-RBS-TetR(-LVA)-term.<br><br />
PCR2: Const.P-RBS-TetR(+LVA)-term.<br><br />
PCR3: Tetp-RBS-GFP-term.<br />
</p> <br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 17/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="45%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> In the lab: The PCR reactions from yeasterday didn't work, so they were repeated. This time 50 µL PCR reaction were prepared. Gel purification was performed on the PCR products and the final concentration was measured by nanodrop.<br><br> <br />
<br />
We digested the products by using restriction enzymes, XbaI og SpeI. We detected that the plasmid was only linearized, meaning that only one restriction enzyme/restriction site was functional.<br><br><br />
<br />
We worked on the basics in the iGEM concept. We discussed the definitions of biobrick, basis part, composite part and devices. We learned the "Standard Assembly Method", it's condition, uses and limitations.<br><br><br />
<br />
We defined the conditions for our own device and started searching for the necessary parts in the iGEM registry.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 18/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We digested two plasmids, 161 and RFP, each with the enzymes XbaI and EcoRI. Unfortunately it didn’t work as expected, as XbaI did not cut. We made some control experiments to check this and concluded that one of the plasmids might miss the EcoRI restriction site.<br><br><br />
<br />
The results after running it on a gel shows that somethings wrong with the plasmid, 161, since Xbai doesn't digest it, but digests plasmid, RFP. Since EcoRI digests, we can conclude that there's something wrong with the plasmid's XbaI restriction site.<br><br><br />
<br />
Several control experiments with the XbaI enzyme was made - another borrowed Xbai enzyme was tested as well. Since the borrowed enzyme worked, the other was tossed out. Conclusion: We're buying a new one!<br><br><br />
<br />
We recieved lab safety training.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 20/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Team page and Notebook page added to the wiki.<br><br><br />
<br />
Two PCR reactions were made to amplify plasmids from the iGEM 2014 kit. The gel, that was run afterwards, showed bands in the right length. The bands were cut out and purified.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 21/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>All the pipettes were calibrated </p><br />
<p>A K12 MG1655 strain was plated out on agar, to colonize overnight, in order for us to produce more plasmid later on.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 22/6 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>One bacterial colony from the agar plate from yesterday was transferred to fluid LB media to amplify WT bacteria. <br />
TSB buffer was made.<br />
A transformation was made.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 26 (23/6 - 29/6)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 23/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The transformation from yesterday has not been successful.</p><br />
<p>New plates with Ampicilin, Kanamycin and Chloramphenicol were made.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 25/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> A transformation was made.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 26/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The transformation from yesterday has been partly successful. One plate had no colonies. For the transformations that were successful an ON was made.</p><br />
<p>The cultures should be prepared for storage at -80°C tomorrow.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 27/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Freezing stocks were made out of the ON from yesterday. The samples were then stored at -80°C.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 28/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The non-successful transformation from Wednesday 25/6 was repeated.</p> <br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 29/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The transformation was partially successful. There were some, but very few, visible colonies on the agar plates. Two overnight cultures were prepared from one colony respectively.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 27 (30/6 - 6/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 30/6</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The overnight culture was not red, as expected, which means that something was wrong with the plasmid. Therefore a new overnight culture was prepared, so that a Colony PCR can be performed on the cultures. Furthermore an overnight culture was prepared of the wild type <i>E. coli</i> strain, so that it can be used for transformation tomorrow.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 1/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Today a Colony PCR was performed on the <i>E. coli</i> MG1655 strains with the plasmids: pSB1A3, pSB1C3, pSB1K3 and J04450 (also known as aza). The results showed that the constructs all had approximately the same weight, just below 1500 bp. This corresponds to the theoretical weight of the constructs, which is 1382 bp.</p> <br />
<br />
<p>The development of the construct used to produce lacI was commenced. This was done by first running Phusion PCR on lacI (BBa_I732100, Template 8A, Plate 3). The PCR product was then analysed on gel-electrophoresis and purified.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Transformation was performed on the plasmids pSB1C3 and pSB1K3 as the former transformation was unsuccessful. Furthermore transformation was also performed on the parts BBa_R0010 (lacP promoter) and BBa_E0840 (GFP coding seq.). The transformed <i>E. coli</i> were put on agar plates with antibiotic according to their respective resistance. The plates were placed in the heating cabinet and should be examined for colonies tomorrow.</p><br />
<br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 2/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Because the PCR on lacI from yesterday yielded a low concentration, Phusion PCR was repeated today, where both the PCR product from yesterday and BBa_I732100 from iGEM were used as template. The results showed that the PCR product from yesterday was too short and still yielded a low concentration. While the PCR reaction with BBa_I732100 as template produced a higher concentration of lacI.</p><br />
<br />
<p>The transformation on the parts BBa_R0010 (lacP promoter) and BBa_E0840 (GFP coding seq.) from yesterday was unsuccesful so the experiment was repeated today.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Freezing stocks of <i>E. coli</i> with pSB1C3 and pSB1K3 were stored at -80°C. Each culture were mixed with 50% glycerol</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore fast digest on our 3 PCR products were made with XbaI and SpeI.</p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR 1 and 3 were ligated and PCR 2 and 3 were ligated.</p><br />
<br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 3/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Today the ligated PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 were purified by running them through a gel. The concentration of the purified constructs were measured by nano drop.</p><br />
<p>In order to create "sticky ends" on PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, the parts were fast digested. Also pSB1C3 was fast digested, so that it could be used as a backbone. The different fast digested parts were gel purified. PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 were then ligated to the backbone (pSB1C3).</p><br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was performed on a colony from the transformation from Wednesday 2/7 of the lacP promoter (BBa_R0010) and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840). The gel showed bands that were too long, therefore a new colony PCR was performed on a different colony. The results from the new colony PCR were the same as before, with the weight of GFP just above 1000 bp and the weight of lacP promoter just around 500 bp.</p><br />
<br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 4/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A miniprep was performed on the ON containing lacP promoter (BBa_R0010) and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840), and a freezing stock was made.</p><br />
<p>Furthermore a PCR was made on the products from the miniprep. Unfortunatly the PCR didn't work, as the gel didn't show any products.</p><br />
<p>Because the PCR didn't work we found the products from the iGEM kit from 2014 and made a new PCR.</p><br />
<p>This time the PCR worked and the products were gel purified and the concentrations meassured with NanoDrop.</p> <br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 5/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>PCR was preformed on LVA less GFP with tet promoter using primers yellow#8 and yellow#9. The PCR was purified using the gel purification SOP.</p><br />
<p>A digest was done on PCR products #11 and #12 in an attempt to ligate these. Ligation was done in 30 mins at RT whereupon the ligase was inactivated at 65 °C for 10 mins. Purification of the ligation product was done, diverging from the SOP and resulting in an unusable amount of product.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 6/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The lacP promoter (BBa_R0010)and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840) have been ligated but the concentration was low and therefore we made PCR on the product.</p><br />
<p>The PCR product was run on a gel. The band was hard to separate from other bands around the same length (1400bp). We cut out the right length and purified it. Nanodrop was measured. </p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR1 (consisting of template 2:2P) and PCR2 (consisting of template 2:2P) have both been fast digested with SpeI. PCR3 (consisting of template 2:24D) has been fast digested with XbaI. PCR1 and PCR3 were attempted ligated (for 30 min) and so were PCR2 and PCR3. These ligations did not show any bands around the expected length during gel purification. Two new ligations (of the same), with higher concentrations of digested PCR products, are reacting overnight.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 28 (7/7 - 13/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 7/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We realized that we have to step back in the process by inserting the different parts we want to ligate into a plasmid before ligating them to each other.</p><br />
<p>Therefore we started our day in the lab by doing a PCR reaction on PCR1 (consisting of template 2:2P) and PCR2 (consisting of template 2:2P). Unfortunately PCR2 didn't show the right band length when run on gel.</p><br />
<br />
<p>PCR was also done on the lacP promoter (BBa_R0010)and GFP coding seq. (BBa_E0840). The sequences machted the lenght seen on the gel. The band from the gel was cut out and purified.</p><br />
<p>PCR1, PCR3 and LacP were digested.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 8/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> The digested products from yesterday were purified.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore PCR on PCR 2 was repeated, this time with a gradient spanding from 53°C - 58°C. Our results were good this time.<br />
The products were purified and their concentrations were meassured with NanoDrop.</p> <br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 9/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> Tet construct: <br />
Plasmid pSB1C3 was concentrated before it was digested with the enzymes Xbai and SpeI. The plasmid was ligated with digested PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3.</p><br />
<br />
Lac Construct:<br />
<li>Pcon_rbs_LacI(withoutLVA)_term, BBa_C0012, was digested with EcoRI and SpeI</li><br />
<li>GFP, BBa_E0840 in plasmid has beed ligated</li><br />
<li>LacP, BBa_R0010, was ligated with our C part in plasmid</li><br />
<br />
</p>The ligated products were transformed.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 10/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The transformation from yesterday was successful. Colony PCR was performed on all transformations. The result showed that part B (Bba_R0010) and C (Bba_E0840) had been ligated successfully. Unfortunately nothing could be seen on the gel with regard to PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3. Therefore a new colony PCR was performed on different colonies with PCR1, PC2 and PCR3. The gel showed no or no proper bands, so we concluded, that a religation must have happened.<br />
Therefore we checked our enzymes by digesting pSB1C3. Here we could conclude that something must be wrong with XbaI, as it does not cut.</p><br />
</p> An ON was made containing BC construct.</p> <br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 11/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p> XbaI was doublechecked and we found out, that the enzyme does not cut when using the green Fast Digest buffer.</p> <br />
<br />
<p>We puridied our PCR1 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term) and PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840) and digested these while using the colorless buffer. <br />
Furthermore PCR1, PCR2 and PCR3 were amplified by a PCR reaction.</p><br />
<br />
</p>ON containing BC contruct was miniprepped and run on a gel together with C in plasmid. The length of the bands were compared and seemed appropiate. <br />
Anyway, to be sure, a PCR was made on the BC construct. This time the gel showed too short bands, which could mean, that the C in plasmid has religated. We conclude that this must have happened because of the enzyme XbaI, that did not cut in green buffer, but was used on this construct before. Therefore C in plasmis was digested again and ligated with B.</p><br />
<br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 12/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Ligation of our digested product, PCR 1 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term), PCR2 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040_term) and PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840), into a backbone, pSB1C3. Ligation of B(LacP, BBa_R0010) and C (GFP, BBa_E0840) construct into pSB1C3.</p><br />
<p>Transformation of PCR 1(Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040(LVAtag_removed)_term),PCR2 (Pcon_rbs_BBa_C0040_term), PCR3 (Ptet_BBa_E0840) and BC (LacP, BBa_R0010 + GFP, BBa_E0840) into <i>E. coli</i>.</p> <br />
<p>An ON containing plasmid pSB1C3 was made.</p> <br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 13/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The ON containing pSB1C3 from yesterday was miniprepped.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 29 (14/7 - 20/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 14/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>ON culture containing wild type <i>E. coli</i> from freezing stock was made.</p><br />
<br />
<p>The agar plates with our transformated plasmids from Saturday showed colonies with different colors.<br />
Colony PCR was made on the colonies that seemed to have worked and were afterwards ran on gel. The bands had the right length. Furthermore single colony plate streaking was made on the same colonies, that were used for Colony PCR.</p><br />
<p>B and C in plasmid, and PCR1, PCR2, PCR3 and pSB1C3 were ligated and afterwards transformed.</p> <br />
<p>A PCR was run on PCR1, PCR2 and B (lacI).</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 15/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A mini-prep was made. This was not successful, therefore a new ON was made.</p><br />
<br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 16/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>A mini-prep was made on the ON cultures from yesterday (PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR3 and B+C in plasmid). The concentrations were not high enough to be sent to sequencing. The samples were therefore placed in the centrifugal evaporator to increase the concentration.</p><br />
<p>A new ON culture of these strains is prepared, in case that something goes wrong</p><br />
<p>Also the ordered parts from iGEM arrived today, and these were plated on agar plates with the appropriate antibiotics and placed in the incubator.</p><br />
<p>B construct in plasmid was digested with EcoRI and XbaI. The band on the gel was at the right length. The gel was cut out and purified.</p><br />
<p>New plates containing antibiotics were made.</p><br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 17/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The plasmids that were prepared yesterday (PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR 3 and B+C) were digested today with:</p><br />
<li>PCR 1: EcoRI + SpeI</li><br />
<li>PCR 2: EcoRI + SpeI</li><br />
<li>PCR 3: EcoRI + XbaI</li><br />
<li>B+C: EcoRI + XbaI</li><br />
<p>The products were then run on gel, cut out and purified and furthermore the concentration was meassured with NanoDrop. <br />
<p>PCR1 and PCR2 were ligated with PCR3, and BC and B were ligated with A. All plasmids were transformed.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Furthermore the plasmids with PCR 1, PCR 2, PCR 3 and B+C were prepared to be sent to Eurofins for DNA sequencing.</p><br />
<p>As mentioned yesterday a ON-culture was prepared. The culture was attempted mini-prepped, but the mini-prep was not successful. Consequently a new ON-culture was prepared today.</p><br />
<p>The parts from iGEM that were plated yesterday, were today prepared for ON-culture, so that a freezing stock can be made tomorrow.</p> <br />
</td><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 18/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>We prepared a freezing stock of the parts we had ordered and received from iGEM, and the remaining sample from the ON culture used for the freezing stocks, was miniprepped and catalogued. </p><br />
Some of the minipreps, were prepared with a wash buffer not containing any ethanol, and therefore we has miserable results. New ON cultures of those was prepared.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 19/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>The ON cultures of the iGEM parts from yesterday, were miniprepped with fine results.</p><br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was performed on the cultures transformed with PCR1+3, PCR2+3, ABC and AB. There were no colonies on one of the plates (AB-part).</p><br />
<p>Plate streaking was performed on each colony taken for colony PCR.</p> <br />
<p>At first sight the results from the colony PCR seems to suggest that something went wrong during the digestion or ligation, since only re-ligations seems to be present.</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 20/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>As we were not successful in transforming the samples from Saturday 19/7 a new batch was initiated.<br />
So PCR1, 2, and 3 and furthermore B and BC were digested, ligated, and transformed.</p> <br />
<p>In accordance with our decision to make the nutrient producing strain taste good transformations of parts; I742111 (RBS+limonene synthase), K118024 (dsx+LIMS1+appY), J23119 (constitutive promoter), and B0015 (double terminator) was commenced. These are going to constitute the construct for producing lemon taste and scent.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 30 (21/7 - 27/7)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 21/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Colony PCR was made on the transformations from yesterday. We concluded that the transformation not have been successful. Therefore we went back and made new digestions.</p> <br />
<p>ON cultures containing J23119, I742111, K118024, Lac promoter and pSB1AT3 were made.</p> <br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 22/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Minipreps were made on the ON cultures from yesterday.</p><br />
<p>The digested products from yesterday were ligated and transformed.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 23/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Today we ran colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday. A single colony plate streaking was made for each colony that was used for Colony PCR.</p><br />
<p>J23119 and K118024 were ligated and J23119 and I742111 were ligated.</p><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 24/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>We recieved a delta 12 desaturase from Julius Fredens today, it is a Fat2 desaturase originating from C. elegans, we are planing on testing it and we might add it to the iGEM parts registry since it does not seem to be registered.</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 25/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Over night cultures have been made for (started at 3:30 PM):<br />
<li>PCR 1</li><br />
<li>PCR 2</li><br />
<li>PCR 3</li><br />
<li>B</li><br />
<li>C</li><br />
<li>BC</li><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
<p> To check that we have the correct lenghts of our PCR1,2,3 and part A,B,C & BC, we ran a PCR. This did not work, so we repeated the PCR this time with a Tm on 51 degrees. The products with a length on 1000 bp and lower got 15 sec. at step 4, and the products with lengths over 1000 bp got 30 sec.<br />
<p>/Camilla</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 26/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>Miniprep has been made of the ON cultures from 25/7 (these can be used for cloning later on):<br />
<li>PCR 1</li><br />
<li>PCR 2</li><br />
<li>PCR 3</li><br />
<li>B</li><br />
<li>C</li><br />
<li>BC</li><br />
</p><br />
<p>PCR reactions of PCR 1, 2 and 3 was made from different templates, these are to be purified tomorrow.</p><br />
<br />
<p>/Daniel</p><br />
<br />
Gradient PCR was ran on part A with lac_LVAR & lac_LVA_F as primers. 2,5 uL template & 31 uL water. Tm graient at 51-70 deg. with 5 samples. PCR program: 1: 98 deg., 2 min. 2: 98 deg., 10 sec. 3: 51-70 deg., 30 sec. 4: 72 deg., 45 sec. 5: GO TO 2 rep 30. 6: 72 deg., 5 min.<br />
After running the PCR on a gel, no clear, correct bands showed. This was due to the primers, which had a too high concentration, thus they were diluted.<br />
<p> After the dilution, a touch down PCR was made, starting at 66 deg. going 1 deg. lower per cycle for 10 cycles, thus ending at 56 deg. A gel showed a clear band with the correct bands. In order for us to have a high enough concentration of PCR1 & PCR2 for ligation, we ran a PCR with the program: 1:98 deg., 2 min. 2: 98 deg., 10 sec. 3: 50 deg., 30 sec. 4: 72 deg., 2 sec. 5: GO TO 2 rep 30. 6: 72 deg., 5 min.<br />
<p> after running a gel with the PCR products, bands showed with the wrong lenghts that wasn't religation. Thus we concluded that the PCR1 and PCR2 used was incorrect.<br />
<p> Due to this, we ran a PCR on all of our PCR1,2,3 products with verification primers, to check wether they had the correct lengths, which they luckily had.<br />
<br />
<p>/Anne, Sarah & Camilla</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 27/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p>PCR products made yesterday has been purified, this was PCR 1, 2 and 3 from different templates.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of BBa_I742111, with S+P, BBa_K118024, with X+P, BBa_B0015, with X+P, and pSB1C3 with BBa_J23119, with S+P and FastAP. Followed by ligation of digested BBa_J23119 with digested BBa_I742111, BBa_K118024 and BBa_B0015 respectively.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
The Lac construct (ABC) and A-plasmid (LacI) has been digested: PCR A with E+R, BC-plasmid with E+S, and A-plasmid with E+S. FastAP were added for digestion of the backbones. 30 min. digest.<br><br />
This was followed by purification and measurement of the concentration by nanodrop.<br><br><br />
<br />
The Tet construct has been digested: PCR1 with E+S, PCR2 with E+S, and PCR3 in plasmid with E+X and FastAP. 30 min. digest, followed by purification and nanodrop.<br><br><br />
<br />
Following has ligated:<br><br />
PCR A + pSB1C3<br><br />
PCR A + BC-plasmid<br><br />
PCR1 + PCR3<br><br />
PCR2 + PCR3<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition a new TSB buffer was made.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 31 (28/7 - 3/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 28/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<br />
<p><br />
The plasmid of BBa_J23119 has been checked to find out, if we took the wrong template. Thus the template: plate 3: 17O has been transformed.<br><br><br />
The ligations from yesterday has been transformed as well.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of PCR1, PCR3 and BC-plasmid has been made earlier. Overnight cultures from these transformations has been miniprepped and saved as freezing stock.<br><br><br />
<br />
Further, BBa_J23119 has been transformed to save as freezing stock as well.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
<br />
tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 29/7</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Results from Transformations:<br><br />
PCR A + pSB1C3: Red cultures, high growth - colony PCR shows the expected: Religations!<br><br />
PCR A + BC-plasmid: White cultures (fine) - colony PCR shows the right length<br><br />
BBa_J23119: White cultures - overnight culture for miniprep tomorrow has been made.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 31/7 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The overnight culture of J23119 has been miniprepped and saved as product.<br><br />
Since there's no more PCR3 product, an overnight culture of bacterial cells, containing this in plasmid, has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 1/8 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The overnight culture of PCR3 has been miniprepped, nanodropped and saved as product. The concentration were too low though - the sample was run in speedy vac.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR1-plasmid with E+S, PCR2-plasmid with E+S, and PCR3-plasmid with E+X.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, freezing stocks has been made, of BBa_I742111, BBa_K118024, BBa_B0015, BBa_J23119 and Fat2 (&Delta;12 desaturase).<br><br><br />
<br />
The results from the earlier digests run on a gel showed no PCR3 product, why another gel was run with same PCR3, not digested, to see, if there's no DNA in the sample solution. This showed no bands. An overnight culture has been made from freezing stock of the same PCR3 sample, to investigate, if something's wrong with the freezing stock.<br><br><br />
<br />
The digested PCR1 and PCR2 had the right lengths and has thus been purified.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 2/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The sequencing data of PCR3 from specific freezing stock sample, showed that the GFP generator has the wrong direction - wrong ligation links of X-X and S-S (X-S and S-X).<br><br><br />
<br />
To make a new PCR3 construct, PCR on template: plate 4: 11P, 2014, BBa_E0840, was made, since the template was a pSB1A3 backbone. The product was run on a gel. The bands showed the right length, and the product was thus purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
pSB1C3 has been digested with S+X and FastAP - reaction for 1 hour. The reaction was run on a gel, and the right band (around 2000 bp) has been purified. In addition, the new PCR3 has been digested as well, with X+S, and purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Following ligations has been made:<br />
<li>J23 + I74</li><br />
<li>J23 + K11</li><br />
<li>pSB1C3 + PCR3</li><br><br><br />
<br />
PCR3-template has been transformed, like the ligations above.<br><br><br />
<br />
Also, a digestion of the constitutive promoter, J23119, with S+P, has been made. This was run on a gel, and the right band (2000 bp) was purified.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 3/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"><br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 32 (4/8 - 10/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 4/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of pSB1C3 with S+X and FastAp, which is needed as backbone for PCR3. This has been run on a gel and the right band was purified. <br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight cultures of single colony plate streaks from yesterday's colony PCR has been made. Also, a freezing stock of new PCR3 template.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on a single little, beautiful, green flourescent culture from the transformation of PCR3 from 2/8. Three types:<br><br />
<li>With VF2 and VR</li><br />
<li>With VF2 and specific reverse primer</li><br />
<li>With VF2 and specific forward primer</li><br />
To show if the culture contains PCR3 and if it's in the right direction.<br><br><br />
<br />
Damnit, nothing!<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
BC-plasmid digested with E+S<br><br />
I74 digested with E+S<br><br />
BBa_B0015 digested with E+X<br><br />
PCR3 digested with X+S<br><br><br />
<br />
Right bands on gel has been purified.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 5/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of PCR3 with pSB1C3, J23/I74 and J23/K11 with B0015-plasmid.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformations of ligations above.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 6/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday. This showed the expected lengths.<br><br />
/Daniel and Victoria<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 7/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight cultures from single colony plate streaks of the colonies used for colony PCR yesterday.<br><br><br />
<br />
Every earlier product containing PCR3 has been thrown out, since the new PCR3 in plasmid has the right length and direction, we won't risc mixing it up with old products with wrong directions.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
The new PCR3 has been miniprepped and digested with E+X and FastAP. Meanwhile, a new colony PCR on the transformation of PCR3 from 5/8 was made again, just to make extra sure that the PCR3 constuct was right.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of PCR1 + PCR3 and PCR2 + PCR3.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations above has been transformed.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 8/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The transformations were shit. Nothing worked. Either we have used the wrong strain, or something's wrong with the antibiotica plates.<br><br />
New primer stocks has been made.<br><br />
JIB and JKB has been miniprepped.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of C-plasmid with X+P and digest of B-plasmid with S+P and FastAP. Only the B digest was purified, and digestion og C was made again - still didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture of Fat2, which will be miniprepped tomorrow.<br><br />
A new PCR3 product has been made with new primers.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the same ligations from yesterday.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, a new PCR on PCR3 template has been made with the new primers, and on A template with the new primers. PCR3 was purified from gel - PCR A didn't work.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR3 with X+P (since the new primers contain a P-site), PCR1 with S+P, and PCR2 with S+P. These three digests were pusified. <br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of PCR1+3 and PCR2+3 - transformation of these ligations.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 9/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Plating of WT on Cm plate from 8/8 didn't show any colonies, so there's probably nothing wrong with the plates.<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of the new PCR3, JIB and JKB has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Fat2 has been miniprepped and the concentration was measured by nanodropping.<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformations from yesterday showed neon green colonies on all the plates, also the control plates. Colony PCR has been made - this showed wrong bands, and the transformations thus didn't work.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on A, C and Fat2 has been made - only Fat2 showed product on a gel and was purified.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of C-plasmid with X+P. Was run on gel and purified.<br><br />
Ligation of C-part in B-plasmid.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, an overnight culture of PCR3 template has been made (GFP generator).<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR, once again, on A with new primers - once again, failed!<br><br />
/Daniel <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 10/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight culture on pSB1C3 and GFP generator. <br><br />
Digest of Fat2 with X+P, and pSB1C3 with X+P and FastAP.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
New colony PCR on transformation of PCR1+3 and PCR2+3. This showed the right lengths in some of the colonies.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Gradient PCR on A with diluted primers - didn't work.<br><br />
Touch down PCR on A - didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of CB-plasmid and Fat2 in pSB1C3.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 33 (11/8 - 17/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 11/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 overnight cultures.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 12/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from 10/8 - both Fat2 and BC construct showed the right lengths.<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 13/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on single colony plate streak from transformation of BC construct. The colonies from the single colony plate streak were neon yellow. Some of the bands had the right length, and overnight cultures has been made from these, so feezing stock can be made and miniprep can be sequenced.<br><br><br />
<br />
New solutions of specifik primers from stock has been made, and PCR reactions on the same A template, with old and new primers, has been made to test the new primers.<br><br />
- THE NEW PRIMERS WORK! And the old primers has been tossed out - accidently the gel was tossed out during the exitement as well.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of Fat2 with X+P<br><br />
Digest of pSB1C3 with X+P and FastAP<br><br />
- Fat2 is too long and has to be digested again.<br><br />
- The length of pSB1C3 matches, and the product has been purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Once again, another PCR reaction on A - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on Fat2 - product has been gel pruified, digested with X+P, and purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture of single colony plate streak from transformation of BC has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on three different templates of A with new primers - every reaction worked and has been purified from the gel.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition to this, template plasmid of A has been transformed to amplify this.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of digested Fat2 with pSB1C3 - this ligation has further been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 14/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnight culture with BC has been miniprepped and freezing stock has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A with E+S and BC-plasmid with E+X and FastAP. This has been run on a gel and purified from this.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on transformation of Fat2 - the bands has the right length on the gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
BC has been sent for sequencing.<br><br><br />
<br />
We have recieved USER primers.<br><br />
Overnight cultures of Top10 with pET::PfuX7 plasmid and BL21(DE3)pLysS has been made, for the protein purification of USER polymerase.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A with BC - this ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 15/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of Top10 with pET::PfuX7 plasmid and BL21(DE3)pLysS has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Overnight culture on the single colony plate streak from the transformation of Fat2 has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of A-plasmid has been miniprepped and made freezing stock of.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC transformations - some had yellow colonies, but many had white. The gel showed that many of the colonies contained the right length (2508 bp).<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 16/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON culture of Fat2 fra 15/8 has been miniprepped and made freezing stock of. On monday, these has to be sent for sequencing.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR reaction on PCR3 - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
ON on the ABC single colony plate streak from 16/8 has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 17/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of the ON on ABC from yesterday has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
The rest of the ON has been miniprepped.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of Top10 BL21 with pET::pfuX7 has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of BL21 (DE3) plysS, Cm, and Top10 with pET::pfuX7, Amp, has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
pSB1C3 containing bacterial cells has been plated Amp/Cm, to investigate, if Amp works.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR reaction on PCR3 template. The product has been purified from gel and digested with X+P. This has been ligated with PCR1 and PCR2 respectively, both as backbone, digested with S+P. (This PCR2 has been shown to have the right sequence).<br><br />
/Ulrika <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 34 (18/8 - 24/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 18/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformation of the ligations from yesterday.<br><br />
Two transformation were made, due to stupid mistakes.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition pSB1C3, digested with X+P, has been ligated with PCR3, digested with X+P.<br><br />
This ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 19/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR and single colony plate streaking on and from the transformations from yesterday - all transformations from yesterday showed to be successful!<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 20/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A SDS buffer has been made.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of BC-plasmid with E+X - was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A: E+S, with BC-plasmid: E+X, newly digested by Camilla because of mutations in the old BC construct.<br><br />
This ligation has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of PCR1/3, PCR2/3 and PCR3 has been made - taken from single colony plate streaks.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 21/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock on ON of PCR1/3, PCR2/3 and PCR3-plasmid.<br><br />
These ONs has also been miniprepped.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC - showed a little success.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A with E+S for 20 min. - has been purified.<br><br />
Ligation of this with BC.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 22/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A forgotten control of the ligation from yesterday has been made.<br><br />
- Trasnformation of the ABC ligations.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 23/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
BC from two different templates has been digested again, with X+E - only one of the digestions worked. This has been purified from gel and ligated with A: E+S.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
New Cm plates has been made and the ligation above has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 24/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformation of ABC - several of the colonies showed to contain the right length (2660 bp).<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 35 (25/8 - 31/8)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 25/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
New colony PCR on ABC single colony plate streaks from yesterday - one colomy was correct, and ON has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 26/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
From the ON of ABC, freezing stock has been made and miniprep has been sent to sequencing.<br><br />
/Martin <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 27/8(</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Preparation for iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 28/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Different cultures (8 ON) has been made ready for FACS:<br><br />
2 x WT, 2 x PCR3, 2 x PCR1/3, and 2 x PCR 2/3.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of JKB has been made for miniprep tomorrow.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 29/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ONs of JIB, JKB and J23119 has been miniprepped.<br><br />
Digest of JIB and JKB with X+P, and of J23119 with S+P and FastAP - all was purified from gel.<br><br />
Ligation of JIB+J23119 and JKB+J23119 has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
We got <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> on two plates. An ON of this has been made for freezing stock tomorrow.<br><br />
PCR reaction on <i>B. subtilis</i> has been made - didn't work.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 30/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Freezing stock of <i>B. subtilis</i> has been made.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 31/8</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Off to London!<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 36 (1/9 - 7/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 1/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 2/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 3/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Back to Denmark!<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 4/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of JKB, since there was no more left - purified from gel.<br><br><br />
<br />
New colony PCR on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 5/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ONs of BBa_K1027001 (&Delta;9 desaturase), BBa_K1027002 (&Delta;12 desaturase), BC construct and Fat2, to be used for USER cloning.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 6/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON on ABC, sequenced, maybe correct, to use for A as backbone for USER cloning.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR with phusion polymerase on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work!<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 7/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ON of ABC construct - speedy vaced for higher concentration.<br><br><br />
<br />
USER PCR on A-backbone, B and &Delta;9 desaturase - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of ligations from 6/8(?), of JIB and JKB.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 37 (8/9 - 14/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 8/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR on <i>B. subtilis</i> - didn't work! But we now know why: This strain of <i>B. subtilis</i> doesn't contain the gene we were looking for (which was &Delta;15 desaturase).<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
New USER PCR on A-backbone, B and &Delta;9 desaturase, under new conditions - didn't work! There were no bands on the gel, only a wierd-looking one for the PCR on &Delta;9 desaturase, which was 1000 bp too small.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON on transformations of JIB + JKB from yesterday.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 9/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ON of JIB and JKB from yesterday.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on BBa_1732100 (LacI template) for new A product, since the sequence data from the old one wasn't correct. This was purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 10/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Digest of PCR2 and PCR3 with S+P and X+P, respectively - prified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of A from yesterday, with E+P, and pSB1C3 with E+P and FastAP - This was purified (pSB1C3 from gel).<br><br />
Ligation of these two products, followed by transformation.<br><br><br />
<br />
Furthermore, A has been digested with E+S, and BC-plasmid with E+X and FastAP - this was purified (BC from gel).<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of A+BC and PCR2+PCR3, followed by transformation.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
USER gradient PCR on A-backbone, B, &Delta;9 desaturase, &Delta;12 desaturase and Fat2 (&Delta;12 desaturase). This didn't show any bands on the gel. Damnit!<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 11/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p>Colony PCR on single colony plate streaks from the transformations of PCR2/3, A-plasmid and ABC. No bands showed on gel - something is wrong with the conlony PCR?<br><br />
/Anne and Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 13/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
USER PCR on Fat2, &Delta;12, &Delta;9 and B. The reaction run as a gradient PCR - this didn't work. Only a mysterious and weak band at around 2000 bp shows for all the reactions.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on an empty pSB1C3 vector, ABC, A and PCR2/3 - from the single colony plate streaks from 11/9 - this didn't show any bands on the gel.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of PCR1 and -2 with S+P and self-designed protein with X+P - PCR1 and -2 was purified from gel and the protein didn't show any bands.<br><br />
/Martin<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein was digested again, with a bigger amount of DNA - the product was purified from gel and ligated with PCR1 and -2, respectively. <br><br><br />
<br />
A new colony PCR on the transformations of the empty vector, ABC, A-plasmid and PCR2/3 was made - this didn't show any bands. Again!<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 14/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
A new attempt on USER PCR on &Delta;9, once again with a gradient - and once again, it didn't work. (The results are like earlier, with a mysterious band at 2000 bp).<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Since colony PCR hasn't been working lately, 5 different MyTaq mixes was tested. They all worked, some better than others(?) At the same time, it showed that PCR2/3 had the right length - ON of this has been made.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 38 (15/9 - 21/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 15/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of A in plasmid (A with E+P and pSB1C3 with E+P) and ABC (A with E+S and BC with E+X) - the same as on 10/9. These ligations has been transformed, as well as PCR1-protein, PCR2-protein and J23119-(new lemon flavor template).<br><br><br />
<br />
Furthermore, WT has been plated on Cm plates, since ABC and A transformations didn't work over the weekend - we're checking WT!<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on A - didn't work!<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Another attempt on USER PCR on &Delta;9 - didn't work!<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the ligations from today.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 16/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of PCR2/3 was contaminated, so a new one was made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC, A-plasmid and J23119 transformations - all had the correct length on the gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 18/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR reaction on three different A templates. Both with old and new solution of primers, and old and new dNTP solutions. Two of the products showed the right length on gel and has been saved as products.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest og S with E+S, and digest of J23 with P+S, which has been purified and saved as products.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 19/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Overnigth culture of bacteria containing the protein sequence has been diluted to an OD ~0.2 and induced with 1000x inducer. This has been standing in 4 hours.<br><br><br />
<br />
PCR on IB and KB (lemon flavour) with verification primers. This showed the right lengths on a gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of two different PCR A with E+S - this has been purified and saved as products. <br><br />
Ligation of ABC constructs with three different A products: ABC1, ABC2 and ABC3, respectively.<br><br />
These ligations has been transformed,<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 20/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON on BC product has been made, and freezing stock of ON of PCR2/3.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on ABC transformations and an empty pSB1C3 vector. ABC2 and -3, and the empty vector showed the right bands on a gel.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 21/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR1 and -2 has been digested with S+P and FastAP. The protein ON has been miniprepped and digested with X+P.<br><br><br />
<br />
J23 has been digested with S+P and FastAP. IB and KB has been digested with X+P.<br><br><br />
<br />
A has been digested with E+S. BC has been digested with E+X and FastAP.<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein and IB didn't show usable bands on a gel, and has been digested again.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of IB has been made.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations:<br />
<li>PCR1+protein</li><br />
<li>PCR2+Protein</li><br />
<li>J23+KB</li><br />
<li>A+BC</li><br />
<br><br />
This has been transformed, as well as the miniprep of A and the protein.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of ABC1, -2, and -3, and an empty vector.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 39 (22/9 - 28/9)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 22/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of IB and pSB1C3 has been digested, both with X+P. Reaction for 30 min. - this has been purified from gel and saved as products.<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligations:<br><br />
<li>Protein+pSB1C3</li><br />
<li>Protein+PCR1</li><br />
<li>IB+J23</li><br />
<br><br />
Furthermore, an ON of WT has been made.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 23/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of odor free <i>E. coli</i> strain for IMS.<br><br />
ON of protein for maxiprep.<br><br />
/Daniel<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 24/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The Tet promoter, template BBa_R0040, has been transformed.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br><br><br />
<br />
Maxiprep of the protein sequence has been made, and this was speedy vaced for higher concentration.<br><br />
/Victoria<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR with phusion polymerase on <i>Synechocystis</i> sp1608 has been made, to take out the &Delta;15 gene - this didn't work!<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Freezing stock of the ABC Martin transformed, and ON of another ABC.<br><br />
First ABC has been miniprepped.<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 25/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of ONs of ABC, JIB and JKB - these has been sent for sequencing.<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of protein with E+P and pSB1C3 with E+P - this was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Camilla<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 26/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Ligation of the protein with backbone.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of the ligation above.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of Tet promoter has been repeated.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 27/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformations of the protein look a bit suspicious! There's no colonies on the control plate, which is good. But since the colonies on the other plates are all red, we expect it to be religations.<br><br />
Colony PCR on the transformations shows religations as well.<br><br />
Colony PCR on transformations of Tet, on the other hand, shows the right lengths.<br><br />
/Anne<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of protein and pSB1C3, both with E+P and X+P (one of each). This has been purified from gel. <br><br />
Protein, E+P, has been ligated with pSB1C3, E+P, has been ligated, and protein, X+P, has been ligated with pSB1C3, X+P. This has been transformed as well.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 28/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday showed all successful ligations and transformations.<br><br><br />
<br />
ON of Tet promoter has been miniprepped and digested with S+P and FastAP. The protein has been digested with X+P. This has been ligated.<br><br><br />
<br />
IB and KB has both been digested with X+P and ligated with the digested Tet promoter.<br><br><br />
<br />
New PCR reaction on pBad failed.<br><br><br />
<br />
The ligations has been trasnformed.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 40 (29/9 - 5/10)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 29/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of the single colony plate streaks from the colony PCRs from yesterday has been made to make freezing stock tomorrow - two different protein-pSB1C3.<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on the transformations from yesterday has been made. Some of the results looked a bit strange, but ON has been made of Tetp-protein, Tetp-IB and Tet-KB.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 30/9</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
PCR on the protein with primers to make basic part, and on TetR(no LVA) to make basic part. This showed the wrong bands, but the primers seemed to anneal. Very wierd!<br><br><br />
<br />
A new PCR reaction has been prepared to run overnight.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 1/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
The PCR from yesterday agai showed the wrong bands on a gel. But we found out why: The stock primers used wasn't dissolved! A new gradient PCR reaction has been made and every temperature showed product of both protein and TetR(no LVA) - this has been purified from the gel.<br><br />
/Daniel and Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
The protein (basic part) has been digested with E+P, the TetR(no LVA) (basic part) has been digested with E+P, and pSB1C3 has been digested with E+P and FastAP. This was purified.<br><br><br />
<br />
Protein and backbone has been ligated.<br><br />
TetR(no LVA) and backbone has been ligated.<br><br><br />
<br />
The ligations above has been transformed, as well as PCR3, PCR1/3, PCR2/3, ABC2 and A-plasmid.<br><br />
/Ulrika<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 2/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Miniprep of PCR1 and ABC.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Experiments with FACS was done - on the expression of GFP, regulated by Tet repressible promoter, with TetR with and without LVA-tag. But unfortunately, the spectrophotometer were acting a bit strange, and the OD became too high, before doxycycline was added.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob and Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Ligation of protein+pSB1C3 and TetR+pSB1C3 was made.<br><br><br />
<br />
In addition, new Cm stock was made and new LA plates with Cm.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
A new PCR on pBad was made - this didn't work!<br><br />
/Signe<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Friday 3/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ONs of Fat2 and PCR1/3 was miniprepped and sent for sequencing.<br><br />
/Camilla<br><br><br />
<br />
Transformation of PCR3, PCR1/3, PCR2/3, A and ABC2 was made. <br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 4/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Gradient PCR on pBad - showed no bands on a gel.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
A new gradient PCR reaction was made, both with BC- and HF buffer. The reactions with BC buffer showed weak bands at all temperatures, which was purified from gel.<br><br />
/Signe<br><br><br />
<br />
Colony PCR on transformations from yesterday showed some success - ON was made on ABC2 and A-plasmid.<br><br><br />
<br />
Something went wrong with the PCR maschine in wihch the colony PCR reactions for TetR and the protein was run. The product was all dried out when this was discovered. A new colony PCR with this was made, and also with new colonies from transformation of PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, since the last result of these were pretty wierd. <br><br />
The new colony PCR showed succes for all 4 types.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br><br><br />
<br />
Digest of pBad with E+S, and IB and KB with E+X - this was purified. Both IB and KB was ligated with pBad (but every digest had very low concentration).<br><br />
/Anne<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 5/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
ON of TetR, protein PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, single colony plate streaks from yesterday, has been made.<br><br />
/Daniel<br><br><br />
<br />
Single colony plate streaks were made yesterday. Another colony PCR reaction was run on these, since it contained different cultures (white and green) - with VF2 and specifik reverse primer, and VR and specifik forward primer. The results showed that all colonies contained GFP, but not all contained TetR. ONs were made on 6 colonies, with and without doxycycline. <br><br />
Result: The colonies that were green before, was green in the ONs as well - with and without doxycycline.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h4>Week 41 (6/10 - 12/10)</h4></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 6/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Western blotts on protein expression were made.<br><br />
/Victoria<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 9/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Colony PCR on single colony plate streaks of PCR3, PCR1/3 and PCR2/3, plated from freezing stock, which has been sequenced. Two reactions were made of each: One with specifik GFP forward primer and VR, and one with specifik TetR reverse primer and VF2. The gel showed that all contained GFP and PCR1/3 and PCR2/3 contained TetR, which was expected.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Saturday 11/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
Transformation of TIB, TKB and Tetp-protein in odor free bacterial cells. The cells were transformed at OD600 = 0,3 with 0,5 µl of plasmid.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Sunday 12/10</h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Most of the plates from yesterday, were covered in a carpet of bacteria, but we succeeded in extracting 4 single colonies from the edges of the plate of TIB and T-Prot.<br><br />
Colony PCR were performed on 4 colonies from each plate, and they were plated out on new Cm-plates. The colony PCR ran with VF2 and VR primers at 49 deg with 2.30 min elongation time. <br><br />
Something went wrong with the colony PCR and no bands were observed on the gel. Not even the usual primer dimers in the bottom. This indicates that either the primers, polymerase or the Cm-plates haven't been working.<br><br />
<br><br />
The primers were investigated by running a PCR on a mini-prepped plasmid with MyTaq polymerase. Bands were observed on the gel, which confirmes that neither the primers or the polymerase was faulty. <br><br />
<br><br />
A transformation on TIB, TKB and Tet-Prot into the odor free strain, YYC912, were performed once again.<br><br />
TIB: 0,25 µl and 0,50 µl<br><br />
TKB: 0,50 µl and 1,00 µl<br><br />
T-Prot: 0,50 µl and 1,00 µl<br><br />
<br><br />
Furthermore PCR 1/3 and PCR 2/3 were transformed again, as earlier this week, and it was sent to be sequenced. They were transformed into competent WT cells. They were all plated on a different batch of plates, than what was used last.<br><br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<tr><br />
<td width="100%" valign="top"> <br />
<p><br />
<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Monday 13/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Double antibiotic plates were created with 30γ chloramphenicol and doxycycline at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ng/ml). PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3, PCR 3 and a WT w/ empty vector was plated on them. <br><br />
ON-cultures of WT, WT w/ empty vector, PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3 was prepared for a growth experiment the day after. Biological triplicates were created. <br><br />
/Martin<br><br />
<br><br />
Colony PCR was performed on the transformations from yesterday of TIB, TKB and Tet-Prot into the odor free strain, YYC912. The gel showed no real bands, and hence the tranforsmations didn't succeed.<br />
/Jens Jakob<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Tuesday 14/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
Another growth experiment was started. Today with WT, WT w/ empty vector, PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3. This time we had moved the experiment to another part of the lab, and had no issues with dropping OD600 values.<br><br />
42 samples for western blot was prepared. Dublicates PCR 1/3, PCR 2/3 and PCR 3 at 7 different doxycycline concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 and 2000 ng/ml).<br><br />
M9 minimal media was prepared, and ON-cultures of TIB, TKB, WT and the odor free strain YYC912 in the minimal media was put in the incubator with aeration.<br><br />
Furthermore, additional SDS-PAGE gels was created.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Wednesday 15/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
We received 4 NGM plates for C. elegans. We smeared 1 ml of WT and Tet-Protein cultures on the plates, and let them set in the cabinet overnight.<br><br />
The ON-cultures from yesterday was run through our new IMS, and we are super excited to see the new data it can produce. Furthermore a double blinded scent test was performed on TIB, TKB, WT and YYC912 with people not aware of what the project was about.<br><br />
/Martin<br />
<br />
<tr><td colspan="3"> <h5>Thursday 16/10 </h5></td></tr><br />
</tr><br />
<br />
Another growth experiment, this time with our Protein and the odor free strain YYC912.<br><br />
A heatshock stress test was performed on C. elegans on the plates prepared yesterday.<br><br />
A western blot was prepared as well. <br><br />
/Martin<br />
<br />
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{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour23Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour232014-10-18T01:41:49Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3>System design</h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"You have to think anyway, so why not think big?" - <b>Donald Trump</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<h4>Original thought</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The original design</span> of the system making up the Edible coli contains the four elements listed below, and thus is a K12 MG1655 strain of <i>Escherichia coli</i>:<br><br><br />
<ol style="font-weight: bold;"><br />
<li> <span style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="intro">Excreting cellulases for the degradation of cellulose to glucose:</span><br><br />
Cellulose (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>10</sub>O<sub>5</sub>)<sub>n</sub> consists of &beta;-1,4 linked D-glucose units. For the Edible coli to gain nutrients<br />
from cellulose in the form of glucose units, the &beta;-glucosidic bonds in-between must be broken by <br />
hydrolysis. For this degradation three enzymatic activities are needed by the enzymes, collectively <br />
known as cellulases: Endoglucanase, exoglucanase and &beta;-glucosidase. Endoglucanase hydrolyses <br />
internal &beta;-1,4 glucosidic bonds in the cellulose fiber, while exoglucanase hydrolyses the external <br />
bonds, releasing cellobiose disaccharides. The cellobiose disaccharides are then cleaved by &beta;-<br />
glucosidase into two glucose molecules <br />
<span class="sourceReference">each.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Lynd, L.R., et al.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Reaction and biobricks needed</span> for the reaction to run (Edinburgh, 2008):<br><br><br />
<br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:600px" target="_blank" title="The design of our system."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/db/2014SDUsystem7.png" style="width:600px" /><br />
Figure 1: Endoglucanase: cenA (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K118023" target="_blank">BBa_K118023</a>), exoglucanase: cex (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K118022" target="_blank">BBa_K118022</a>), and<br />
β-glucosidase: bgIX (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/wiki/index.php?title=Part:BBa_K118028" target="_blank">BBa_K118028</a>).<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<br><br />
</span></li><br />
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
<span class="intro">Producing a nutrional, self-designed protein – the OneProt:</span><br><br />
Among others, using the glucose from cellulose degradation as a nutrition source, the Edible coli<br />
will be able to produce a high quantity of essential amino acids, incorporated into a self-designed <br />
protein.<br><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">One protein to rule them all!</font><br />
</p><br />
<span class="intro">The OneProt design:</span><br><br><br />
<br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/43/2014SDUsystem8.png" title="Figure 2: The optimal rates of essential amino acids."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/43/2014SDUsystem8.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
Figure 2: The optimal rates of essential amino acids.<br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/1e/2014SDUsystem9.png" title="Figure 3: The composition of essential amino acids."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/1e/2014SDUsystem9.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
Figure 3: The composition of essential amino acids.<br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f2/2014SDUsystem10.png" title="Figure 4: The composition of non-essential amino acids."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f2/2014SDUsystem10.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
Figure 4: The composition of non-essential amino acids.<br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br />
<br><br />
<span class="intro">The nutritional protein consists of</span> the right amount of essential and non-essential amino acids including the right ratio of the essential amino acids, needed in the daily diet, as recommended by the WHO/<br />
FAO/UNU Expert <br />
<span class="sourceReference">Consultation.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 164.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The optimal rates of essential amino acids are<br />
shown in figure 2.<br><br><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9e/2014SDUsystem11.png" title="Figure 5: Predicted structure of the OneProt."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9e/2014SDUsystem11.png" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 5: Predicted structure of the OneProt.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The protein sequence encodes</span> 480 amino acids in total. The amount of essential amino acids<br />
is based on the recommended ratio between essential and non-essential amino acids, which <br />
should be <br />
<span class="sourceReference">27.7%.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150.<br />
<a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The ratios of given essential amino acids are based on the recommendations<br />
in figure 2, and the ratios of given non-essential amino acids are based on how large an amount is used <br />
and processed in the body, and whether they can be formed from essential amino acids or not.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">In all, the protein comprises</span> 136 essential (28.3%) and 344 non-essential (71.6%) amino acids, <br />
with the distributions shown in figure 3 and figure 4. To make sure the design would not contain any <br />
harmful protein structures or misfold, the sequence has been shuffled, codon optimized for <i>E. coli</i>,<br />
K12 MG1655, checked for restriction sites and its structure has been predicted, using <a href="http://www.sbg.bio.ic.ac.uk/phyre2/html/page.cgi?id=index" target="_blank">Phyre<sup>2</sup>.</a><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">The expression of this</span> coding sequence (basic part: <a href="http://parts.igem.org/<br />
Part:BBa_K1475001" target="_blank">BBa_K1475001</a>), and thus the synthesis of nutritional protein will be regulated by the <br />
repressible promoter, pTet (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_R0040" target="_blank">BBa_R0040</a>):<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/09/2014SDUsystem12.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 6: Expression of OneProt regulated by repressible Tet promoter.<br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">The activity of pTet</span> regulated by the repressor protein, TetR (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_C0040" target="_blank">BBa_C0040</a>), should be tested with and without LVA-tag by regulating the expression of GFP:<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/60/2014SDUsystem2.png" style="width:400px"/><br />
Figure 7: Expression of GFP regulated by repressible Tet promoter: TetR(+LVA) vs. TetR(no LVA).<br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
GFP controlled by TetR(+LVA)-pTet (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475006" target="_blank">BBa_K1475006</a> )<br><br />
<br />
GFP controlled by TetR(no LVA)-pTet (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1475005" target="_blank">BBa_K1475005</a>)<br><br><br />
</p><br />
</span></li><br />
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
<span class="intro">Synthesizing &omega;3- and &omega;6 fatty acids:</span><br><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:250px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/08/2014SDUsystem3.PNG" title="Figure 8: Conventional biosynthetic pathway for the production of &omega;3- and &omega;6 fatty acids."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/08/2014SDUsystem3.PNG" style="width:250px" /><br />
Figure 8: Conventional biosynthetic pathway for the production of &omega;3- and &omega;6 fatty <br />
<span class="sourceReference">acids.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Ruiz-López, N., et al.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic <br />
pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410.</span><br />
</a><br />
Stearic acid (18:0) is part of the metabolism of E. coli. A &Delta;9 desaturase can convert stearic acid <br />
into oleic acid (18:1<sup>&Delta;cis:9</sup>), a &Delta;12 desaturase can convert oleic acid into linoleic acid (18:2<sup>&Delta;cis:9,12</sup>), which is an <br />
essential &omega;6 fatty acid, and a &Delta;15 desaturase can convert linoleic acid into α-linoleic acid (18:3<sup>&Delta;cis:9,12,15</sup>), <br />
which is an essential &omega;3 fatty acid, ALA.<br><br> <br />
<br />
<span class="intro">A conventional biosynthetic pathway</span> from linoleic and α-linoleic acid precursors to other &omega;3- and &omega;6 fatty acid products is shown in <br />
<span class="sourceReference">figure 1.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Ruiz-López, N., et al.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic <br />
pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410.<br />
<br />
<a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
ALA can be converted into both EPA and<br />
DHA in the human body, all important in cellular <br />
<span class="sourceReference">functions.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger –<br />
Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. p. 345.</span><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro"><i>Synechocystis sp.</i> strain PCC6803,</span> a cyanobacterium, has been shown to contain Δ9, Δ12 and Δ15 desaturases,<br />
which has been cloned into <br />
<span class="sourceReference"><i>E. coli</i>.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Sakamoto, T., et al.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <br />
<a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
<br />
<span class="sourceReference">&nbsp;</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Wada, H., et al.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <br />
<a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The biobricks needed for the conversion of stearic acid into α-linoleic acid (Manchester, 2013) - The expression of these three enzymes will be regulated by the repressible promoter, pLac (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_R0010" target="_blank">BBa_R0010</a>):<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:500px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/23/2014SDUsystem4.png" style="width:500px" /><br />
Figure 9: Expression of &Delta;9 desaturase (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1027001" target="_blank">BBa_K1027001</a>), &Delta;12 desaturase (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K1027002" target="_blank">BBa_K1027002</a>) and &Delta;15 desaturase, all regulated by the repressible Lac promoter.<br />
</div><br><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Δ12 desaturase is also found</span> in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/<br />
Part:BBa_K1475002" target="_blank">BBa_K1475002</a>).<br><br><br />
<span class="intro">The expression of nutritional protein,</span> OneProt, and desaturases for the biosynthesis of essential <br />
fatty acids should be regulated by two different regulatory promoters, pTet and pLac relatively, <br />
to investigate if the activity of these promoters can be fine-tuned – and if so, to estimate the optimal <br />
activity of both for a maximum production of both the protein and the given fatty acids in the <br />
same organism, Edible coli.<br />
</p><br />
</span></li><br />
<br><br />
<li><span style="font-weight: normal;"><br />
<span class="intro">Tasting good:</span><br><br />
For the Edible coli to be a bacterium considered in the context of food, it should taste good. Several<br />
flavors are a possibility, but we chose a touch of lemon:<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Limonene synthase catalyzes</span> synthesis of the terpenoid (+)-limonene from the precursor geranyl <br />
diphosphate, which is mainly responsible for the lemon taste in <br />
<span class="sourceReference"><i>Citrus Limon.</i></span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Lükcker, J., et al.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (<i>Citrus Limon</i>). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. <br />
269:13, p. 3160-3171.<br />
<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
The biobrick, dsx+LIMS1+appY (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_K118024" target="_blank">BBa_K118024</a>)<br />
(Edinburgh, 2008), generates 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase, encoded by dsx, which<br />
catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of terpenoids, and a transcriptional regulator related <br />
to anaerobic energy metabolism, encoded by appY. Overexpression of dxs and appY has been <br />
reported to increase yields of <br />
<span class="sourceReference">terpenoids.</span><br />
<span class="tooltip"><br />
<span class="tooltipHeader">Source:</span><br />
Kang, M.J. et al.: Identification of Genes Affecting<br />
Lycopene Accumulation in <i>Escherichia coli</i> Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and <br />
Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642.<br />
<a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></span><br />
LIMS1 encodes limonene synthase from <i>Citrus Limon</i>.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<div class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px"><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/2f/2014SDUsystem5.png" style="width:400px" /><br />
Figure 10: Expression of dxs, LIMS1 and appY genes for generation of limonene.<br />
</div><br><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">With the lemon flavor incorporated,</span> the system should be operated in a knock out strain of K12 <br />
MG1655: The odor-free YYC912 (<a href="http://parts.igem.org/Part:BBa_J45999)" target="_blank">BBa_J45999</a>).<br />
</p><br><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:400px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c8/2014SDUsystem6.PNG" title="Original overview drawing of the Edible coli project."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c8/2014SDUsystem6.PNG" style="width:400px" /><br />
Original overview drawing of the Edible coli project.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
</span></li><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour11Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour112014-10-18T01:38:50Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The Team </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Keep calm and walk silly" - <b>John Cleese</b> in The Ministry of Silly Walks</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4> Members of the team - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<br><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e8/2014SDUsilly28.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3f/2014SDUsilly19.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUsilly29.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUsilly20.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/68/2014SDUsilly30.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/48/2014SDUsilly21.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6b/2014SDUsilly31.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/da/2014SDUsilly22.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c2/2014SDUsilly32.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUsilly23.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUsilly33.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUsilly24.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e2/2014SDUsilly34.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/ce/2014SDUsilly25.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUsilly35.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f1/2014SDUsilly26.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ae/2014SDUsilly36.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c1/2014SDUsilly27.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Instructors and the advisor - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">From inexperienced lab monkey to skilled synthetic biologist</font><br><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/SDU2014theteam7.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/64/SDU2014theteam1.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/23/SDU2014theteam8.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/71/SDU2014theteam2.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Andreas Kjær - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/ec/SDU2014theteam9.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9d/SDU2014theteam3.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Thøger Jensen Krogh - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/fe/2014SDUsilly10.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f0/SDU2014theteam4.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Tina Kronborg - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/SDU2014theteam11.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/SDU2014theteam5.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Ann Zahle Andersen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUsilly12.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a7/SDU2014theteam6.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Jakob Møller-Jensen - Advisor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>The witch</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">Who is playing tricks on us?</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUtheteam14.png" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUtheteam13.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>The witch - Mascot</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Team description from the early days</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" title="The original SDU iGEM team 2014."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" style="width:320px" /><br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">We are a very ambitious group</span> of 9 students from five different disciplines: medicine, biomedicine, biochemistry and molecular biology, mathematics and chemical engineering. Because we didn’t know each other before the team was formed, we expected to evolve as a group and learn to use our differences - both professionally and personally - to achieve a synergetic teamwork. We have big expectations for the team, the competition and ourselves. We are prepared to use our holidays (and the only sunny months in Denmark) to work hard on a meaningful project that will, hopefully, be of use to someone. We want to do this in order to get more practical experience and have a good time with other engaged students. Some of us have never been in the lab before, and others feel that the scheduled lab-exercises in our studies are just too predictable. At this point, we wish to design a project that will span the subjects of synthetic biology, characterization, mathematical modeling and simulation of a biological system as well as a broader outreach to the general public.<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour11Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour112014-10-18T01:38:06Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The Team </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Keep calm and walk silly" - <b>John Cleese</b> in The Ministry of Silly Walks</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4> Members of the team - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<br><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e8/2014SDUsilly28.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3f/2014SDUsilly19.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUsilly29.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUsilly20.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/68/2014SDUsilly30.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/48/2014SDUsilly21.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6b/2014SDUsilly31.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/da/2014SDUsilly22.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c2/2014SDUsilly32.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUsilly23.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUsilly33.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUsilly24.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e2/2014SDUsilly34.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/ce/2014SDUsilly25.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUsilly35.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f1/2014SDUsilly26.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ae/2014SDUsilly36.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c1/2014SDUsilly27.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Instructors and the advisor - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">From inexperienced lab monkey to skilled synthetic biologist</font><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/SDU2014theteam7.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/64/SDU2014theteam1.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/23/SDU2014theteam8.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/71/SDU2014theteam2.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Andreas Kjær - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/ec/SDU2014theteam9.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9d/SDU2014theteam3.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Thøger Jensen Krogh - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/fe/2014SDUsilly10.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f0/SDU2014theteam4.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Tina Kronborg - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/SDU2014theteam11.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/SDU2014theteam5.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Ann Zahle Andersen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUsilly12.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a7/SDU2014theteam6.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Jakob Møller-Jensen - Advisor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>The witch</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">Who is playing tricks on us?</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUtheteam14.png" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUtheteam13.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>The witch - Mascot</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Team description from the early days</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" title="The original SDU iGEM team 2014."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" style="width:320px" /><br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">We are a very ambitious group</span> of 9 students from five different disciplines: medicine, biomedicine, biochemistry and molecular biology, mathematics and chemical engineering. Because we didn’t know each other before the team was formed, we expected to evolve as a group and learn to use our differences - both professionally and personally - to achieve a synergetic teamwork. We have big expectations for the team, the competition and ourselves. We are prepared to use our holidays (and the only sunny months in Denmark) to work hard on a meaningful project that will, hopefully, be of use to someone. We want to do this in order to get more practical experience and have a good time with other engaged students. Some of us have never been in the lab before, and others feel that the scheduled lab-exercises in our studies are just too predictable. At this point, we wish to design a project that will span the subjects of synthetic biology, characterization, mathematical modeling and simulation of a biological system as well as a broader outreach to the general public.<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour11Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour112014-10-18T01:37:42Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The Team </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Keep calm and walk silly" - <b>John Cleese</b> in The Ministry of Silly Walks</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4> Members of the team - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<br><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e8/2014SDUsilly28.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3f/2014SDUsilly19.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUsilly29.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUsilly20.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/68/2014SDUsilly30.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/48/2014SDUsilly21.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6b/2014SDUsilly31.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/da/2014SDUsilly22.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c2/2014SDUsilly32.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUsilly23.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUsilly33.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUsilly24.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e2/2014SDUsilly34.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/ce/2014SDUsilly25.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUsilly35.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f1/2014SDUsilly26.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ae/2014SDUsilly36.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c1/2014SDUsilly27.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Instructors and the advisor - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">From inexperienced lab monkey to skilled synthetic biologist</font><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/SDU2014theteam7.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/64/SDU2014theteam1.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/23/SDU2014theteam8.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/71/SDU2014theteam2.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Andreas Kjær - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/ec/SDU2014theteam9.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9d/SDU2014theteam3.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Thøger Jensen Krogh - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/fe/2014SDUsilly10.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f0/SDU2014theteam4.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Tina Kronborg - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/SDU2014theteam11.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/SDU2014theteam5.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Ann Zahle Andersen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUsilly12.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a7/SDU2014theteam6.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Jakob Møller-Jensen - Advisor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>The witch</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">Who is playing tricks on us?</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUtheteam14.png" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUtheteam13.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>The witch - Mascot</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Team description from the early days</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" title="The original SDU iGEM team 2014."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" style="width:320px" /><br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">We are a very ambitious group</span> of 9 students from five different disciplines: medicine, biomedicine, biochemistry and molecular biology, mathematics and chemical engineering. Because we didn’t know each other before the team was formed, we expected to evolve as a group and learn to use our differences - both professionally and personally - to achieve a synergetic teamwork. We have big expectations for the team, the competition and ourselves. We are prepared to use our holidays (and the only sunny months in Denmark) to work hard on a meaningful project that will, hopefully, be of use to someone. We want to do this in order to get more practical experience and have a good time with other engaged students. Some of us have never been in the lab before, and others feel that the scheduled lab-exercises in our studies are just too predictable. At this point, we wish to design a project that will span the subjects of synthetic biology, characterization, mathematical modeling and simulation of a biological system as well as a broader outreach to the general public.<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour11Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour112014-10-18T01:36:50Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The Team </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"Keep calm and walk silly" - <b>John Cleese</b> in The Ministry of Silly Walks</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4> Members of the team - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<br><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e8/2014SDUsilly28.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3f/2014SDUsilly19.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUsilly29.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7d/2014SDUsilly20.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/68/2014SDUsilly30.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/4/48/2014SDUsilly21.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/6b/2014SDUsilly31.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/da/2014SDUsilly22.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c2/2014SDUsilly32.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUsilly23.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUsilly33.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/72/2014SDUsilly24.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/e2/2014SDUsilly34.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/ce/2014SDUsilly25.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/50/2014SDUsilly35.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f1/2014SDUsilly26.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/ae/2014SDUsilly36.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/c1/2014SDUsilly27.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Instructors and the advisor - Click the pictures to get to know them!</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">From inexperienced lab monkey to skilled synthetic biologist</font><br />
</p><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/65/SDU2014theteam7.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/6/64/SDU2014theteam1.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/23/SDU2014theteam8.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/71/SDU2014theteam2.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Andreas Kjær - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/e/ec/SDU2014theteam9.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/9d/SDU2014theteam3.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Thøger Jensen Krogh - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
<tr><br />
<td><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/fe/2014SDUsilly10.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/f/f0/SDU2014theteam4.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Tina Kronborg - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/2/20/SDU2014theteam11.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/SDU2014theteam5.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Ann Zahle Andersen - Instructor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cb/2014SDUsilly12.jpg" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a7/SDU2014theteam6.jpg" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>Jakob Møller-Jensen - Advisor</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>The witch</h4><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">Who is playing tricks on us?</font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<table style="width:800px"><br />
<tr><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
<td><br />
<a class="popupImg alignCenter" style="width:230px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/c/cc/2014SDUtheteam14.png" title=""><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/9/95/2014SDUtheteam13.png" style="width:230px" /><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal"><b>The witch - Mascot</b></span><br />
</a><br />
</td><br />
<td style="width:230px"><br />
</td><br />
</tr><br />
</table><br><br />
<br />
<h4>Team description from the early days</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:320px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" title="The original SDU iGEM team 2014."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/13/SDU2014TeamPicture1.jpg" style="width:320px" /><br />
</a><br />
<span class="intro">We are a very ambitious group</span> of 9 students from five different disciplines: medicine, biomedicine, biochemistry and molecular biology, mathematics and chemical engineering. Because we didn’t know each other before the team was formed, we expected to evolve as a group and learn to use our differences - both professionally and personally - to achieve a synergetic teamwork. We have big expectations for the team, the competition and ourselves. We are prepared to use our holidays (and the only sunny months in Denmark) to work hard on a meaningful project that will, hopefully, be of use to someone. We want to do this in order to get more practical experience and have a good time with other engaged students. Some of us have never been in the lab before, and others feel that the scheduled lab-exercises in our studies are just too predictable. At this point, we wish to design a project that will span the subjects of synthetic biology, characterization, mathematical modeling and simulation of a biological system as well as a broader outreach to the general public.<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour54Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour542014-10-18T01:34:17Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<h3> Sharing the message </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"When you can't make them see the light, make them feel the heat." – <b>Ronald Reagan</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">To present a scientific project</span> is very educational. It requires a good understanding of the project and might lead to a better understanding of the details. Furthermore response and questions from listeners can be very helpful, as they give an idea of the understanding of the subject as well as show new aspects and reflections on the project.<br><br />
We think that it is important to practice presentation skills and use all the benefits a presentation might lead to. Therefore we participated in different outreach events, where all team members have practices their individual presentation skills at least once.<br><br />
We spend much time on outreach, but we can conclude that the benefit, especially in the form of response, had a big impact on our project.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:150px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d4/2014SDUevents4.jpg" title="iGEM meet-up in London."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d4/2014SDUevents4.jpg" style="width:150px" /><br />
iGEM meet-up in London.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<h4>iGEM meet-up in London hosted by YSB (1<sup>st</sup> of September - 2<sup>nd</sup> of September)</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We were very happy to participate in</span> the iGEM meet-up in London. Here we got the first opportunity to tell others about our project and discuss our practices and policy with other iGEM teams. Additionally, there were a lot of friendly participants who helped by filling out our questionnaire and giving us valuable feed-back.<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Study Trade Fair (11<sup>th</sup> of September)</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:150px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/d/d5/2014SDUevents6.jpg" title="Study Trade Fair."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/15/2014SDUevents9.PNG" style="width:150px" /><br />
Study Trade Fair.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We participated in the annual</span> Study Trade Fair at our university to raise awareness about the iGEM competition, our project, promote our outreach events in October, to get more answers to our questionnaire and to promote the recruiting for next year’s iGEM-team. The day was a great success. We met many interested students who wanted to hear more about iGEM in general and about our project. In addition, we were able to practice our presentation skills. <br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Old-iGEM Meet-up (18<sup>th</sup> of September)</h4><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:150px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/58/2014SDUevents7.PNG" title="Old-GEM meet-up."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/34/2014SDUevents13.PNG" style="width:150px" /><br />
Old-GEM meet-up.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We invited all SDU-iGEM former participants</span><br />
to a meet up… and it was a success! They heard about our project and responded to our presentation with valuable feedback. Our supervisors had arranged and prepared dinner after our presentation, which gave us a chance to discuss the responses. Thank you to all of them for coming and making this a cozy evening.<br><br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Bioscientific dissemination (30<sup>th</sup> of September)</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Bioscientific dissemination is an event</span> for students by students. It is an event where <br />
students get the chance to present their individual, bachelor and master projects to get a great response <br />
and practice presentation skills. The iGEM SDU-Denmark 2014 project was presented by one of our team members, and he got constructive <br />
criticism as well as a great experience.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Sundhedsmekka: An exhibition for medical students (1<sup>st</sup> of October)</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:300px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/51/2014SDUevents14.jpg" title="Sundhedsmekka."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/5/51/2014SDUevents14.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
Sundhedsmekka.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Sundhedsmekka is a yearly event,</span><br />
where associations and event groups with interests that concerns medical students can promote themselves. Originally, it was a medical student who started the first iGEM team from SDU. Since then the iGEM teams representing SDU have at least had one medical student on their team. In spite of this, most medical students at SDU have not heard of iGEM, and even synthetic biology is an unfamiliar field to most medical students.<br />
By participating in Sundhedsmekka our iGEM team got a chance to explain the concept of the iGEM contest and our own project. It was a great success to talk to all the many interested students and in connection with the conversations; we invited people to attend our “Quiz and Presentation night”, which had premiere in the following week.<br />
<br />
</p><br />
<br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Quiz and Presentation night at the Student House (6<sup>th</sup> of October)</h4><br />
<p><br />
<a class="popupImg alignRight" style="width:150px" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/17/2014SDUevents8.jpg" title="Quiz and Presentation night at the Student House."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/3/3c/2014SDUevents10.PNG" style="width:150px" /><br />
Quiz and Presentation night at the Student House.<br />
</a><br />
<br />
<span class="intro"> The Student House is a gathering place</span> for students and locals, which is located in the center of Odense.<br />
The purpose of the Student House is to have a forum where university students can come to study or to <br />
take part in social events or both. Volunteers are responsible for the café area, where different events <br />
take place frequently. Our team arranged a Microorganism Quiz and Presentation Night at the Student <br />
House where around fifty people participated. Our presentation was about the main concepts of iGEM and <br />
synthetic biology and additionally an overview of our own project.<br />
The presentation was followed by our quiz about microorganisms. Every question had a preamble <br />
concerning microorganisms but the question usually was a digression from the subject. Our idea with the <br />
event was that the questions should apply to anyone and it ended up being a great success for this reason.<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Article in SUND&HED</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">SUND&HED is a university newspaper</span> directed to health science and medical students. We wrote an article<br />
about iGEM and our project, which will be published in late October.<br />
<br><br><br><br />
</p><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T01:29:05Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and helping us to do our work.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have helped us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
help in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with western blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycyclin.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> helped with western blot.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior and helped us<br />
with our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> helped us design a GC experiment and the toxicity essay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and information about<br />
what to do.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> helped out with western blot gels.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> helped with ethics.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and what thoughts<br />
we were having.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the teamwork.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research helped us with our human practices regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us with programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have helped us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> helped us designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> helped us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T01:28:20Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and helping us to do our work.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have helped us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
help in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with western blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycyclin.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> helped with western blot.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior and helped us<br />
with our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> helped us design a GC experiment and the toxicity essay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and information about<br />
what to do.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> helped out with western blot gels.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> helped with ethics.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4>Events support</h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and what thoughts<br />
we were having.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the teamwork.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research helped us with our human practices regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us with programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have helped us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> helped us designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> helped us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T01:26:51Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and helping us to do our work.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have helped us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
help in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with western blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycyclin.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> helped with western blot.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior and helped us<br />
with our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> helped us design a GC experiment and the toxicity essay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and information about<br />
what to do.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> helped out with western blot gels.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> helped with ethics.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Events support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and what thoughts<br />
we were having.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the teamwork.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research helped us with our human practices regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us with programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have helped us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> helped us designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> helped us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T01:25:35Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and helping us to do our work.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have helped us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
help in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with western blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycyclin.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> helped with western blot.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior and helped us<br />
with our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> helped us design a GC experiment and the toxicity essay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and information about<br />
what to do.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> helped out with western blot gels.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> helped with ethics.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<h4> Events support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and what thoughts<br />
we were having.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the teamwork.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research helped us with our human practices regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us with programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have helped us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> helped us designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> helped us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br />
<br />
<h4>Litterature support</h4><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour14Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour142014-10-18T00:54:03Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> Attributions </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">"If you want to become a great chef, you have to work with great chefs" - <b>Gordon Ramsay</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<h4>Sponsors</h4><br />
<img class="alignRight" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2013/9/97/SDU2013_SDU_Logo.jpg" style="width:300px" /><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> our sponsor <a href="http://sdu.dk/">The University of Southern Denmark</a>, for<br />
funding our iGEM project. Especially we would like to thank <b>dean Henrik <br />
Pedersen</b> and the <b>Faculty of Science at University of Southern Denmark</b> - we are <br />
truly grateful for having this amazing possibility.<br />
</p><br />
<br><br><br />
<h4> Laboratory support</h4><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> Associate Professor, Ph. D. <b>Jakob Møller Jensen</b> and<br />
the Microbiology group and also the rest of the <b>Department of Biochemistry <br />
and Molecular Biology</b> for letting us use their lab, providing laboratory <br />
equipment and helping us to do our work.<br />
</p><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Our instructors Academic Assistant <b>Tina Kronborg</b>, post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b>,<br />
stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen <br />
Krogh</b> have helped us the entire summer when crying for help. We are really grateful for all your <br />
help in every situation.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Maria Storm Mollerup</b> helped us with general questions in the lab.</li><br />
<li>Academic assistant <b>Eva Maria Sternkopf Lillebæk</b> helped with western blot and provided us with a<br />
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> strain. </li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow <b>Sabrina Brøner</b> helped us getting doxycyclin.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Anders Boysen</b> helped with western blot.</li><br />
<li>Medical Laboratory Technician <b>Simon Rose</b> introduced us to lab safety and behavior and helped us<br />
with our safety form.</li><br />
<li>From the University of Copenhagen professor, Ph.D., head of Section for Molecular Plant<br />
Biology, vice head of Copenhagen Plant science Centre <b>Poul Erik Jensen</b> who sent us a <br />
<i>Synechocystis sp.</i> PCC6803 strain.</li><br />
<li>Stud.Bsc.Sc. <b>Kristian Davidsen</b> from DTU provided us with USER polymerase.</li><br />
<li>Professor, Ph.D. <b>Nils Joakim Færgeman</b> helped us design a GC experiment and the toxicity essay on<br />
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li>Ph. D. fellow <b>Eva Bang Harvald</b> provided us with <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> and information about<br />
what to do.</li><br />
<li>Professor Dr. rer. nat. habil. <b>Olaf-Georg Issinger</b> helped out with western blot gels.</li><br />
<li>Ph.D. fellow from University of Copenhagen <b>Nana Cecilie Halmsted Kongsholm</b> helped with ethics.</li><br />
<li>Postdoctoral fellow at the Medical Research Council <b>Julius Fredens</b> provided us with a plasmid<br />
containing FAT-2 originating from <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>.</li><br />
<li><b>The SDU iGEM team 2013</b> has provided great inspiration for the making of our wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<h4> Events support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We would like to thank</span> everyone who has helped us promote our project and iGEM by helping us arrange<br />
our events.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><a href="http://www.studenterhus.dk/">Student house Odense</a> arranged an event where we could talk about iGEM and synthetic<br />
biology and hold a quiz night.</li><br />
<li><b>Syddanske studerende</b> let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the study trade<br />
fair.</li><br />
<li><b>IMCC</b> (International Medical Cooperation Committee) let us promote our own project and iGEM by having us at the<br />
study trade fair and at sundhedsmekka.</li><br />
<li>The <b>former SDU iGEM members</b> who met with us and heard about our project and what thoughts<br />
we were having.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4> General support </h4><br />
<span class="intro">We have received a lot of help</span> during our project - also help that was not in the lab or specific for the <br />
execution of our project. We would like thank all the people that have helped us one way or another.<br />
<ul><br />
<li><b>DTU</b> (Technical University of Denmark) had arranged a crash course in the lab for Danish iGEM teams and introduced us to primers,<br />
USER cloning and the design of the team wiki.</li><br />
<li><b>KU</b> (University of Copenhagen) arranged an ethics workshop for Danish iGEM teams.</li><br />
<li><b>YSB</b> (young synthetic biologist) arranged and held the UK iGEM meet-up and allowed our team to join the meet up and told<br />
us more about synthetic biology and had arranged different workshops.</li><br />
<li><span class="intro">Everyone</span> all over the world, <span class="intro">who has answered our questionnaire</span> about GMO and what they think<br />
about it being a food resource.</li><br />
<li><b>Jane Fornitz</b> from the company Ibsing & Fornitz ApS introduced us to the different types of<br />
personalities and how to work together with different personalities - this has been a great help for <br />
the teamwork.</li><br />
<li>Doctor <b>Yaa Difie-Osei</b> from the National Biosafety Committee, Ghana and Professor <b>George Armah</b> from the Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research helped us with our human practices regarding outreach and ethical considerations.</li><br />
<li><b>Bioscientific dissemination</b> at SDU gave us great feedback on our presentation in preparation of the jamboree.</li><br />
<li>Stud. bac linguistics <b>Klara Tandrup Pedersen</b> helped us proofread our wiki.<br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4> Technical support </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us with programs used for modelling.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Patrick Rosendahl Andreassen</b>, stud.cand. <b>Andreas Kjær</b> and stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen<br />
Krogh</b> have helped us with sequencing results.</li><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Thøger Jensen Krogh</b> helped us designing our team wiki.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4> Modelling </h4><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Stud.cand. <b>Nicky Cordua Mattsson</b> helped us with the modelling of our system.</li><br />
<li>Post doc <b>Ann Zahle Andersen</b> helped us all the way with our model.</li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
<br />
<h4> Litterature support</h4><br />
<span class="intro">Edible coli:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Basic definitions. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Hunger, 2013: 2013 World Hunger and Poverty Facts and Statistics. <a href="http://www.worldhunger.org/articles/Learn/world%20hunger%20facts%202002.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work.<a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012: Nutrition for everyone. <a href="http://www.cdc.gov/nutrition/everyone/index.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Carbohydrates in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1154">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO Expert Consultation: Carbohydrates in the human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 1997. Vol. 66: Carbohydrates in the diet. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/W8079E/w8079e08.htm#carbohydrates in the diet">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The World Bank, 2014: GNI per Capita, Atlas method (current US$). <a href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Contribution of Proteins in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1157">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirement in Human Nutrition. WHO Technical Report Series, 2007. Vol. 935. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_935_eng.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Consumption of Fats in Total Dietary Consumption: <a href="http://chartsbin.com/view/1158">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO Expert Consultation: Fats and fatty acids in human nutrition. FAO Food and Nutrition Paper, 2010. Vol. 91: p. 11-12. <a href="http://foris.fao.org/preview/25553-0ece4cb94ac52f9a25af77ca5cfba7a8c.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO: Chapter 7 - Food, nutrients and diets. <a href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/w0078e/w0078e08.htm#P7404_499006">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WHO/ FAO/ UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition, 2002. Vol. 935.</li><br />
<li>WHO/FAO/UNU Expert Consultation: Protein and Amino Acid Requirements in Human Nutrition. United Nations University, 2002. No. 935, p. 150-164. <a href="http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/who_trs_935_eng.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lynd, L.R., Weimer, P.J., van Zyl, P.H., and Isak, S.P.: Microbial Cellulose Utilization: Fundamentals and Biotechnology. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 2002. Vol. 66:3, p. 506-577. <a href="http://mmbr.asm.org/content/66/3/506.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Lükcker, J., El Tamer, M.K., Schwab, W., Verstappen, F.V.A., van der Plas, L.H.V., Bouwmeester, H.J., and Verhoeven, H.A.: Monoterpene biosynthesis in lemon (Citrus Limon). European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002. Vol. 269:13, p. 3160-3171. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.02985.x/full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of Genes Affecting Lycopene Accumulation in Escherichia coli Using a Shot-Gun Method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005. Vol. 91, p. 636-642. <a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bit.20539/pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nelson, D.L. and Cox, M.M.:Lehninger – Principles of Biochemistry, fifth edition. W.H. Freeman and Company, 2008. </li><br />
<li>Ruiz-López, N., Sayanova, O., Napier, J.A., and Haslam, R.P.: Metabolic engineering of the omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic pathway into transgenic plants. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2011. Vol. 63:7, p. 2397-2410. <a href="http://jxb.oxfordjournals.org/content/63/7/2397.full#F1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Wada, H., Avelange-Macherel, M.H., and Murata, N.: The desA gene of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC6803 is the structural gene for delta 12 desaturase. Journal of Bacteriology, 1993. Vol. 175:18, p. 6056-6058. <a href="http://jb.asm.org/content/175/18/6056.long">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sakamoto, T., Wada, H., Ohmori, M., Murata, N.: Δ9 Acyl-Lipid Desaturases of Cyanobacteria. The Journal of Boilogical Chemistry, 1994. Vol. 269:14, p. 25576-25580. <a href="http://www.jbc.org/content/269/41/25576.full.pdf+html">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>Aagaard, L.., Amarzguioui, M., Sun, Guihua., Santos, L.C., Ehsani, A., Prydz, H. & Rossi, J.J.: A Facile Lentiviral Vector System for Ekspression of Doxycycline-Inducible dhRNAs: Knockdown of the Pre-miRNA Processing Enzyme Drosha. Molecular Therapy, 2007. 15:5, p. 938-945. <a href="http://www.nature.com/mt/journal/v15/n5/full/6300118a.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Kang, M.J., Lee, Y.M., Yoon, S.H., Kim, J.H., Ock, S.W., Jung, K.H., Shin, Y.C., Keasling, J.D., and Kim, S.W.: Identification of genes affecting lycopene accumulation in Escherichia coli using a shot-gun method. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2005, vol. 91:5, p. 636-642. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15898075">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mosbech, M., Kruse, R., Harvald, E. B., Olsen, A. S. B., Gallego, S. F., Hannibal-Bach, H. K., Ejsing, C. S. & Færgeman, N. J.: Functional Loss of Two Ceramide Synthases Elicits Autophagy-Dependent Lifespan Extension in C. elegans.: PLoS ONE, 2013. 8 vol:7. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894595">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Rodriguez, M., Snoek, L. B., Bono, M.D. & Kammenga, J. E.:Worms under stress: C. elegans sterss response and its relevance to complex human disease and aging. Trends in Genetics, 2013. Vol: 29, 6, p. 367-374. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016895251300022X">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Policy and Practices:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li> MicroBEnet: Microbial Myths: Common misconceptions about microbes (w/ some extra focus on those in the built environment), 2011. <a href="http://microbe.net/simple-guides/microbial-myths-common-misconceptions-about-microbes-in-the-built-environment/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Marris, C.: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths. EMBO reports, 2001. Vol. 2 p. 545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Gaskell, G., Stares, S., Allansdottir, A., Allum, N., Corchero, C., Fischler, C., Hampel, J., Jackson, J., Kronberger, N., Mejlgaard, N., Revuelta, G., Schreiner, C., Torgersen, H., and Wagner, W.: Europeans and Biotechnology in 2005: Patterns and Trends. Final report on Eurobarometer 64.3, 2006. P. 57. <a href="http://ec.europa.eu/research/biosociety/pdf/eb_64_3_final_report_second_edition_july_06.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Hancock, R.D.: Recent Patents on Vitamin C: Opportunities for Crop Improvement and Single-Step Biological Manufacture. Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture, 2009. Vol. 1, p. 39-49. <a href="http://www.northsearegion.eu/files/repository/20131027214538_UK-Enclosures30.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Sauer, M., Porro, D, Mattanovich, D., and Branduardi, P.: Microbial production of organic acids: expanding the market. Elsevier, 2008. Cell Press, vol. 26:2, p. 100-108. <a href="http://awe.mol.uj.edu.pl/~allel/s6/pliki/mbPrz_seminaria/microbial%20production.pdf" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Berg, J., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.: Biochemistry, Seventh Edition. W.H.Freeman & Co Ltd, 2011.</li><br />
<li> European Food Information Council, 1999: Lactic acid bacteria – their uses in food. <a href="http://www.eufic.org/article/en/artid/lactic-acid-bacteria/" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Microbiology online: Bacteria. <a href="http://www.microbiologyonline.org.uk/about-microbiology/introducing-microbes/bacteria" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Gershon, E.: With you in the room, bacteria counts spike. Yale News, 2012. <a href="http://news.yale.edu/2012/03/28/you-room-bacteria-counts-spike " target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Nielsen , J.: Betydningen af systembiologi for industriel bioteknologi. Biozoom, 2007. Vol. 2, p. 1-3.<a href=" http://www.biokemi.org/biozoom/issues/514/articles/2284" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Novo Nordisk: Use of gene technology at Novo Nordisk. <a href="http://www.novonordisk.com/old/press/environmental/er98/bioethics/useofgenetechnol.html" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Homepage of iGEM: Synthetic Biology – based on standard parts. <a href="http://www.igem.org/Main_Page" target="_blank">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 concerning the traceability and labelling of genetically modified organisms and the traceability of food and feed products produced from genetically modified organisms and amending Directive 2001/18/EC (Official Journal L 268, 18/10/2003 P. 0024 – 0028) </li><br />
<li>Save the Children, 2014: Where do we work. <a href="http://www.savethechildren.org/site/c.8rKLIXMGIpI4E/b.6146359/k.9C15/Where_We_Work.htm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>NHC, 2011: Symptoms of malnutrition. <a href="http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Malnutrition/Pages/Symptoms.aspx">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Central intelligence Agency, 2014: The World Factbook. <a href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2014: Hunger Statistics. <a href="http://www.fao.org/hunger/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marshall, S: Genetically Modified Organisms and Food. Nutrition & Food Science, 1994.94:1,4-7. <a href="http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/pdfplus/10.1108/00346659410048901">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Davison, J.: GM plants: Science, politics and EC regulations. Plant Science, 2010. 178,94–98. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0168945209003112/1-s2.0-S0168945209003112-main.pdf?_tid=c48d628e-53ec-11e4-887a-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413323890_f7d83fc2a2a2e02b4ca3ddd2d29e50f6">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Paarlberg, R.: GMO foods and crops: Africa's choice. New Biotechnology, 2010.27:5,609–613. <a href="http://ac.els-cdn.com/S1871678410005145/1-s2.0-S1871678410005145-main.pdf?_tid=5c3337be-53f0-11e4-8037-00000aab0f6c&acdnat=1413325433_bf176b0d95b0c58bff4107681984f1f8">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Viljoen, C.D and Marx, G.M.: The implications for mandatory GM labelling under the Consumer Protection Act in South Africa. Food Control, 2013.31:2,387–391. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956713512005841#bib14">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Mehta, M.: Public perceptions of genetically engineered foods: “Playing God” or trusting science Risk. Health, Safety and Environment, 2001. 12,205–220. <a href="http://www.heinonline.org.proxy1-bib.sdu.dk:2048/HOL/Page?page=205&handle=hein.journals%2Frisk12&collection=journals#213">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Einsiedel, E.F.: Mental Maps of Science: Knowledge and attitude Among Canadian Adults. Int J Public Opin Res, 1994.6:1,35-44. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/1/35.abstract">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Marris, C: Public views on GMOs: deconstructing the myths.EMBO reports, 2001.2:7,545-548. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1083956/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>FAO/WHO/UNU, expert consultation: Protein and amino acid requirements in human nutrition. World Health Organization,2007.935,1-265. <a href="http://www.who.int/nutrition/publications/nutrientrequirements/WHO_TRS_935/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Peters, HP., Lang, JT., Sawicka, M., Hallman, WK: Culture and Technological Innovation: Impact of Institutional Trust and Appreciation of Nature on Attitudes towards Food Biotechnology in the USA and Germany. Int J Public Opin Res,2007.19:2,191-220. <a href="http://ijpor.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/191.full">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Bartsch, D: GMO regulatory challenges and science: a European perspective. Journal of Consumer Protection and Food Safety,2014. 9:1,51–S58. <a href="http://download.springer.com/static/pdf/30/art%253A10.1007%252Fs00003-014-0885-9.pdf?auth66=1413400769_528fc09b561921379eb90716446a4eee&ext=.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: WHO African region: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countries/gha/en/">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Ghana. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2010: Nutrition Country Profile: Ghana. <a href="http://www.fao.org/ag/AGN/nutrition/GHA_en.stm">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Ademola A. Adenle, E. Jane Morris, Govindan Parayil: Status of development, regulation and adoption of GM agriculture in Africa: Views and positions of stakeholder groups. Food Policy, 2013:43,159-166. <a href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919213001346">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Swallow, Dallas M: Genetics of Lactase Persistence and Lactoseintolerance. Annu.Rev.Genet, 2003.37:197-219. <a href="http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.genet.37.110801.143820">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li> Child Mortality Estimates, 2014: Under-five mortality rate. <a href="http://www.childmortality.org/index.php?r=site/graph&ID=GHA_Ghana">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>World Health Organization, 2014: Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance. <a href="http://www.who.int/countryfocus/cooperation_strategy/ccsbrief_gha_en.pdf?ua=1">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>The Mal-ED Network Investigators: The MAL-ED Study: A Multinational and Multidisciplinary Approach to Understand the Relationship Between Enteric Pathogens, Malnutrition, Gut Physiology, Physical Growth, Cognitive Development, and Immune Responses in Infants and Children Up to 2 Years of Age in Resource-Poor Environments. Clin Infect Dis,2014:59(4),193-206. <a href="http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/suppl_4/S193.long#sec-28">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Results:</span><br />
<ul><br />
<li>GMO Compass, 2006: GM Microorganisms Taking the Place of Chemical Factories. <a href="http://www.gmo-compass.org/eng/grocery_shopping/ingredients_additives/36.gm_microorganisms_taking_place_chemical_factories.html">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>WWF, Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better chioces. P. 38-40. <a href="http://d2ouvy59p0dg6k.cloudfront.net/downloads/1_lpr_2012_online_full_size_single_pages_final_120516.pdf">(Link)</a></li><br />
<li>Population media Center, 2009: Issue we Address. <a href="http://www.populationmedia.org/issues/population/">(Link)</a></li><br />
</ul><br />
<br><br><br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour63Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour632014-10-18T00:47:47Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The end </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">“Don’t cry because it’s over. Smile because it happened!” – <b>Dr. Seuss</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Writing this on the night of the wiki-freeze</span> sure brings a lot of thoughts – what are we supposed <br />
to do with our spare time now? What else could you get <i>E. coli</i> to produce? WHAT ARE WE GOING <br />
TO DO IN ORDER TO SAVE THE WORLD NOW?<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Well, we do not know the answers</span> but one thing is certain: Our iGEM project, working in the lab, <br />
getting to know each other and work together – preparing for Boston – the whole process has <br />
been a great experience in every thinkable way. We are grateful and will like to thank everyone <br />
who has helped and everyone who have put up with our immense mood swings and non-existing <br />
circadian rhythm.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We now look forward to</span> present our project at the Giant Jamboree and hearing about all the other iGEM<br />
projects.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Thank you for reading our team wiki – we hope you enjoyed the tour!</span><br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<div class="imageGallery alignCenter"><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUtheend5.png" title="Start of the summer."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUtheend5.png"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/aa/2014SDUgallery10.jpg" title="Tour Des Chambres."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/aa/2014SDUgallery10.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/0b/2014SDUgallery11.jpg" title="UK iGEM meet-up."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/0b/2014SDUgallery11.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7f/2014SDUtheend2.jpg" title="Photoshoot in our chefs outfits."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUtheend3.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/2014SDUgallery13.jpg" title="Team dinner the night before wiki-freeze."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/2014SDUgallery13.jpg"></a><br />
Group pictures.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimonehttp://2014.igem.org/Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour63Team:SDU-Denmark/Tour632014-10-18T00:47:25Z<p>Ulrikasimone: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/header| }}<br />
<br />
<html><br />
<br />
<h3> The end </h3><br />
<p class='intro'><br />
<font color="3397FE">“Don’t cry because it’s over. Smile because it happened!” – <b>Dr. Seuss</b></font><br />
</p><br />
<p><br />
<span class="intro">Writing this on the night of the wiki-freeze</span> sure brings a lot of thoughts – what are we supposed <br />
to do with our spare time now? What else could you get <i>E. coli</i> to produce? WHAT ARE WE GOING <br />
TO DO IN ORDER TO SAVE THE WORLD NOW?<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Well, we do not know the answers</span> but one thing is certain: Our iGEM project, working in the lab, <br />
getting to know each other and work together – preparing for Boston – the whole process has <br />
been a great experience in every thinkable way. We are grateful and will like to thank everyone <br />
who has helped and everyone who have put up with our immense mood swings and non-existing <br />
circadian rhythm.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">We now look forward</span> to present our project at the Giant Jamboree and hearing about all the other iGEM<br />
projects.<br><br><br />
<br />
<span class="intro">Thank you for reading our team wiki – we hope you enjoyed the tour!</span><br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
<p><br />
<div class="imageGallery alignCenter"><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUtheend5.png" title="Start of the summer."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/1/11/2014SDUtheend5.png"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/aa/2014SDUgallery10.jpg" title="Tour Des Chambres."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/aa/2014SDUgallery10.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/0b/2014SDUgallery11.jpg" title="UK iGEM meet-up."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/0/0b/2014SDUgallery11.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/7/7f/2014SDUtheend2.jpg" title="Photoshoot in our chefs outfits."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/b/bc/2014SDUtheend3.jpg"></a><br />
<br />
<a class="galleryImg" target="_blank" href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/2014SDUgallery13.jpg" title="Team dinner the night before wiki-freeze."><br />
<img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2014/a/a5/2014SDUgallery13.jpg"></a><br />
Group pictures.<br />
</div><br />
<br><br><br />
</p><br />
<br />
</html><br />
<br />
{{:Team:SDU-Denmark/core/footer}}</div>Ulrikasimone